Bolshevik Visions: First Phase of the Cultural Revolution in Soviet Russia

501 Pages·1984·13.824 MB·English

by  William G. Rosenberg

BOLSHEVIK
VISIONS:
First Phase of the
Cultural Revolution
in
Soviet Russia
Edited by
William G. Rosenberg
Ardis, Ann Arbor
Copyright ©1984 byArdis Publishers
All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system or transmitted by
any means, electronic, mechanical, recording,
or otherwise, without the prior written
permission of the publisher.
Ardis Publishers
2901 Heatherway
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Bolshevik visions.
Bibliography: p.497
1. Communism and culture—Soviet Union—Addresses,
essays, lectures. 2. Communism and society—Addresses,
essays, lectures. 3. Soviet Union—Social conditions—
1917- —Addresses, essays, lectures. I. Rosenberg,
William G.
HX523.B65 1984 306’.345*0947 8*2799
ISBN 0-88233-650-9
ISBN 0-88233-651-7 (pbk.)
To My Parents

CONTENTS
List of Illustrations 13
Acknowledgments 15
Editor’s Introduction 17
I. What a Communist Ought to be Like
Introduction 27
Tasks of the Youth Leagues (Bourgeois and Communist Morality)
(1920) 33
V. I. Lenin
What a Communist Ought to be Like (1922) 38
N. Krupskaya
Communist Ethics (1922) 42
A. A. Solts
Bringing Up the Young Generation (1922) 55
N. Bukharin
Revolution and the Cultural Tasks of the Proletariat (1918) 62
P. I. Lebedev-Polyansky
II. The New Man and New Woman: Sex Roles, Marriage and the
Family
Introduction 73
The Family and the Communist State (1918) 79
A. Kollontai
From the Old Family to the New (1923) 89
L. Trotsky
Make Way for the Winged Eros (1923) 96
A. Kollontai
7
The Sex Life of Man (1924) 107
L. A. and L. M. Vasilevsky
How Can We Protect the Children? (1924) 111
The Mother of a Child
The Law, Life, and Everyday Living (1925) 114
Letters to Pravda and Izvesiiya
The “Winged Eros” of Comrade Kollontai(1923) 127
P. Vinogradskaya
My Life (The Story of Maria Fedotovna Filipenko) (1924) 139
From the Journal Delegatka
III. Tasks and Concepts of Revolutionary Social Welfare
Introduction 145
The Tasks of Public Health in Soviet Russia (1919) 148
N. Semashko
The Tasks of Social Welfare in Soviet Russia (1919) 151
A. Vinokurov
Work of the People’s Commissariat of Health (1920) 157
N. Semashko
Protection of Mother, Baby, and Child in Russia (1921) 164
N. Semashko
IV. Religion, Language, and Other “Awkward Habits” of Everyday
Life
Introduction 169
Habit and Custom (1923) 174
L. Trotsky
The Fight against Prostitution (1921) 179
A. Kollontai
8
The Struggle for Cultured Speech (1923) 185
L. Trotsky
‘Thou* and ‘You’ in the Red Army (1922) 189
L. Trotsky
Communism and Religion (1923) 191
S. Kheglund (Z. Höglund)
Is the Communist Movement Anti-Religious? (An Answer to
Kheglund) (1923) 194
Em. Yaroslavsky
On Anti-Religious Agitation and Propaganda among Women
Workers and Peasants (1921) 201
Central Committee, RKP
“Calling All Believers”, “Science or Religion?”, “Without God,
with Man” (1923) 205
The Editors of Bezbozhnik
“A Day of Testing in the Commune” (1921) 211
Pravda, Agitprop essay
V. Proletarian Legality
Introduction 217
Proletarian Law (1919) 223
P. Stuchka
Guiding Principles of Criminal Law in the R.S.F.S.R. (1919) 229
People’s Commissariat of Justice
The Proletarian Revolution and Criminal Law (1919) 234
I. Kozlovsky
The Proletariat and Civil Law (1919) 242
A. Goikhbarg
The Old and New Court (1918) 249
P. Stuchka
9
Five Years of Revolution in Law (1922) 254
P. Stuchka
The General Theory of Law and Marxism (1924) 261
E. Pashukanis
VI. United Labor Schools: the Ndture of a “Communist Education”
Introduction 279
Speech to the First All-Russian Congress on Education (1918)
285
A. Lunacharsky
Basic Principles of the United Labor School (1918) 300
State Commission on Education
On Factory Schools (1922) 315
Co-Worker
On the Foundation of the Soviet Educational System: Personal
Memoirs (1927) 323
A. Lunacharsky, P. Grigorev, A. Tolstov
Out of School Education and the “Proletkults” (1919) 338
V. Kerzhentsev
The Pioneer Youth Movement as a Form of Cultural Work
among the Proletariat (1924) 347
A. Zalkind
Students and Counter-revolution (1925) 355
A. Lunacharsky
VII. Vodka, the Church, and the Cinema: Workers’ Films and the Uses
of Visual Art
Introduction 365
Vodka, the Church, and the Cinema (1923) 371
L. Trotsky
10