Bloody Revenge: Emotions, Nationalism, And War

175 Pages·2019·3.602 MB·English

by  Thomas J. Scheff

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ISBN 978-0-367-00893-2
www.routledge.com aninformabusiness
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Bloody Revenge

BLOODY
REVENGE
Emotions,
Nationalism,
and War
J.
THOMAS SCHEFF
Routledge
&Francis Group
LONDON AND NEW YORK
First published 1994 by Westview Press
Published 2018 by Routledge
52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
Copyright © 1994 by Taylor & Francis
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or
by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including
photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission
in writing from the publishers.
Notice:
Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for
identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Scheff, Thomas J.
Bloody revenge : emotions, nationalism, and war I Thomas J.
Scheff.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-8133-1908-0 - ISBN 0-8133-1909-9 (pbk.)
1. Social interaction. 2. Emotions. 3. Motivation (Psychology)
4. Shame. 5. Alienation (Social psychology) 6. Conflict
(Psychology) 7. Social conflict. 8. War. I. Title.
HM29i.S287 1994
302-dc20 93-41666
CIP
ISBN 13: 978-0-367-00893-2 (hbk)
To all innocent victims of humiliated fury
Vilna, 1924. My Aunt Rachel is telling the fortune of my Uncle Hym and my Grandfather Lazar
Heifetz. She did not foresee what fate would befall them seventeen years later.

Contents
List of Figures ix
Acknowledgments xi
Introduction 1
Theory, 1
Method, 4
References, 9
1. Quarrel and Impasse in a Marriage 11
Protracted Conflict, 11
An Empirical Approach to Alienation, 15
Feeling Traps, 22
Two Forms of Alienation, 25
The Motors of Protracted Conflict, 31
Conclusion, 33
References, 34
Part One: THEORY AND METHOD
2. Pride and Shame: The Master Emotions
39
Language and Culture, 40
Approaches to a Concept of Shame, 45
Shame and the Social Bond, 51
Shame as the Master Emotion, 53
References, 54
3. Alienation and Conflict: A Theory
of Interminable Conflict
57
Family Systems and Emotions, 61
The Emotional Sources of Vengeance, 62
VII
VIII Contents
Emotions as Explanations, 63
Pride and Shame, 66
Conclusion, 69
References, 70
Part Two: APPLICATIONS
4. The World Social System: The Origins of World War I 75
The Origins of World War I, 77
A Family Quarrel, 92
War arid Social Science, 96
References, 101
5. The Origins of World War II:
Hitler's Appeal to the Germans 105
Earlier Studies, 106
Hitler's Personality, 109
Humiliated Fury as the Key Affect in Hitler's Life, m
Shame-Anger Sequences in Mein Kampf, 113
The Triple Spiral, 117
Conclusion, 120
References, 123
Part Three: CONCLUSION
6. Aclcnowledgment and Reconciliation 127
Grief, Anger, Fear, and Anxiety, 128
The Concept of Acknowledgment, 130
Apologies, 131
Acknowledgment of Shame and Levels of Collective Sanity, 137
Shame and Delusion, 140
Long-Term Implications for Reconciliation
Between Nations, 141
Directions for Immediate Change, 144
References, 149
Appendix: Cues for Shame and Anger 151
About the Book and Author 153
Index 155
Figures
1.1 Three types of social relationships 31
3.1 Group solidarity-alienation 59
3.2a, b Social solidarity and cooperation; alienation and conflict 60
4.1 The major nations involved in the origins of World War I 78
IX