Blechnum ludificans Herter, an Overlooked Fern from South America

2006·2.7 MB·English

by  E R De La Sota

American
Fern Journal 96[3j:75-79
(20()fi}
Blechnum an Overlooked Fern from
ludificans Herter,
America
South
SOTA
E. R. DE
Ly\
Catudra do Morfologia Vegetal, Facultad dc Cicncias Naturales Museo, Univorsidad Nacional de
y
La Paseo Bosque 1900 La Argentina (Consejo Nacional dc Invcstigaciones
Plata, del Plata,
s/n"",
Cientfficas Tec:nicas, Argentina]
y
G. E. GlUDTCE
Cat(Klra de Morfologia Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de
La Plata, Paseo del Boscjue s/n\ 1900 La Plata, Argentina
M.
LiJNA
L.
Catedra de Morfologia Vegetal, Facidtad Ciencias Naturales Museo, Universidad Nacional de
d(^ y
La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s/n \ 19(]() La Plata, Argentina [Comision de Investigat:iones Cientfficas
Buenos
de Provincia de Aires)
la
—
Blechnum
ABSTRACT. In this paper the authors reconsidcjr the validity of the fern ludificans Herter.
LM
Herharium was studied using stereoscopic microscopy, and SEM, The main diagnostic
material
characters of 5. ludificans pinnate to pinnate- pinnatisect pinnae, 25 or fewer pinnae per blade,
a.re:
and
the presence of glandular hairs on the pinnae, inframedial position of the cocnosori, entire
^/^
Blechnum ludificans Herter known only from the type specimen and
is
grows only in Repiiblica Oriental del Uruguay, South America. Its isotype
known
provides information on only locality: Durazno, Blanquillo, ''in
its
Gonwanicoum
rupium
expositis",
fissuris (arenisca roja], locis sibsiccis, soli
The
Herter 1947, Herb. Hert. 99722, Pl.Ur.exs. 1985 (US 1917580].
IX.
leg.
isotype has two annotation labels: one by C.V.Morton 1964, ''Blechnum
=
Blechnum
"Blechnum
laevigatum Cav.", and the other, ludificans Herter
anonymous
by There an
laevigatum Cav.?", E.R. de la Sota 1969:. is also
observation by hand that makes reference to "abnormal form'\
its
Blechnum auriculatum Cav. and auriculatum L niucronato-dentata Ros.
B.
difi
/
ms
During Uruguay April 2004) the authors were unable to re-
field trip to [in
a
by
Durazno Department, probably due habitat alteration
collect this fern in to
human
The aim study analyse the diagnostic characters of
activity. of this is to
difi
Herter.
Methods
Material and
Blechnum was
The only material of ludificans studied the isotype
mentioned compare specimen with australe subsp.
above. In order to this B.
AMERICAN FERN JOURNAL: VOLUME NUMBER
7G
90
[2U0G)
3
Blechnum
Tahli-: Diagnostic characters of ludificaus and austrah suhsp auriculntum.
1. B.
Charac:ters B. ludificans B. australe suhsp auricnlcituin
Rhizome
orientation creeping, ascending creeping, ascx^nding
Rhizome
scales basi fixed, delotid-lanceolate, basifixed. delotid, partially to tolally
partially to totally sclerotic, sclerotic, entire to laciniatc; margin
margin
entire
Blade architecUn'e pinnale pinnate- pinnatisect pinnate
to
Number
pinna up
of pairs 25 45 more
to or
Frond dimorphism subdimorphic
subdimorphic
Blade indumiMit glandidar on and
liairs rachis scarcely glandular hairs on pinnae
pinnae
surface
surface
Pinna base mucronate
auriculate-
auriculate- attenuate
Indusinm
position inframedial intramarginal medial
or
Spore wall sculpture scarcely folded
scarcely folded
auriciikitum, material from was The
this species also analysed. pinnae were
diaphanized according
the Foster techniqne and were
to observations
(1934],
M5
made
with a Willd stereoscope and Nikon Labophot-2 microscope.
a light
LM
3%
For were
the spores treated with hot sodium carbonate minutes
for 2
and SEM
acetolyzed according Erdtman
For was
to (1960). the material
yc
Observations were performed with JEOL JSMT- 100 scanning
a electron
microscope
at the Facultad de Ciencias Natin^ales Museo, Universidad
y
Nacional de La
Plata.
The
following characters were analysed: rhizome
position, blade
scales,
architecture, fronds dimorphism, indument, indusinm and
position margin,
spore diameter and spore wall sculpture. Terms used to describe the indusinm
imen
study
this are listed below.
Blechnum
australe L. siibsp. aun'culatum (Cav.) de Sola
la
ARGENTINA:
Buenos
Pcia
Aires, Tandil, Cerro Leones, 2/3/1946, 300
msnm,
Looser 2955
"Dos Hermanas",
(LIL); Olavarrfa, Cerro 21/4/1947,
msnm,
250 Krapovickas 3421
(LIL); Tornquist, Sierra de Ventana, 20/4/
la
Krapovickas 2189 Pdo
1945, Ensenada, Punta
(LP); Lara, 4/1/1940,
Dawson
933 Meyer
(LIE). Pcia. Salta: Tartagal, 916, 12-VI-1934 (BA).
URUGUAY: Km
Depto Durazno, Ruta 43 a 25 de San Gregorio de Polanco,
Ramos &
31/3/2004, Giudice, Giacosa Luna 132 Depto Tacnarembo,
(LP),
&
Grula de los Helechos, 30/3/2004, Giudice, Ramos Giacosa Luna
114
(LP).
Rlecbnum
icons Herter
hi dif
URUGUAY:
Depto. Durazno,
Blanqnillo, lX-1947, Herb. Herter 99722, (US
1917580).
BLECHNUM SOUTH AMERICA
DE LA SOTA ET LUDIFICANS IN 77
AL.:
U
I'M
PLANTAC UBUOUAVCMSeS EXSICCATAE
PI Jt N."
a
«U«S Dl W. HEBrCR. »ONTlYtD», UftUOtlAV
tft
7Z'
f
ex lli:^:tl IIEItl. H.
1^
r •
.itv * n ^ ^ >^'*
'-'• HtfttAl.
t^
fv>*
r r J -*• UdTir M « M
*4
^*
rL
Brum ^i i^
Crf
rtt
Irriptoi
Blfoh&uB Cbv^ /
Ht. y
D£
tiKF
/
1;«4 i4^ •%
4m. C. V U t l^rr HkLKTKR I^F s
>T
r-^i'^i ' K
mar •^f\ [HIT,
I
1^ H'**S
t
MUSCUM
WiTCD STATEb NATIONAL
C*0O67431
Fig. 1. Isotype of Blechnum ludificans (Ilorb. Hort. 99722, Pl.Ur.exs. 1985 [US 1917580])
Results and Discussion
Blechnum
hetween
The our morphological comparison ludificans
results of
and B.australe subsp auriculatum Cav., considered by Herter [1950) to be
Blechnum
summarized Table Although ludificans
closely related, are in 1. is
analysis lead us
and infrequent species, the characters identified in this
a rare
and
The appeared shape and
spores regular in size
consider a valid taxon.
to
it
AMi^RICAN FERN VOLUME NUMBER
78 JOUKNy\L:
96
(2000)
3
V
/
Bluchnum Apex
Fig. 2. hidijiains. A. of forlilc^ frond. B. D(?tail of pinnato-pinnatisoot portion of
fertile i)ifiiiae. C. Infrannulial indiisiTim position. D. Auricuilato-muoronate segment bases;
glandular on
hairs the raohis indit:at(Ml arrow. Subimhrioato segments with
l)y E. sterile
anrionlate-inucronate l)asos. F. H3Tiathodos along sterile pinna margin. G. Rhizome scale showing
an entire margin. H. Spore etjuatorial view, occasional folds [arrow] and globuh;s [arrowhead]
are
DE LA SOTA ET BLECHNUM LUDIFICANS SOUTH AMERICA
AL.: IN 79
no spore abortion was observed. According our observations the diagnostic
to
Blechnum
characters states for ludificans are found in blade architecture, the
number of pinnae per blade, pinnae indument, indusium position and
rhizome
margins.
scale
The Blechnum
presence of pinnate pinnate- pinnatisect fronds in
to
ludificans represent another example of blades with an additional degree of
blade dissection, a character condition considered by Kramer et (1990) to be
al.
occurrence" genus Blechnum.
rare in the
''of
The following description of Blechnum ludificans based on the isotype
is
US
specimen
at [Figs.
1, 2].
Rhizome suberect, well developed and stoloniform, with scales attached by
margins
the base, deltoid-lanceolate, partially to totally sclerotic, entire.
cm
Fronds subdimorphic, up to 20 long; petioles light brown, adaxially
grooved, with glandular, few-celled hairs and scattered ciliate scales with hair-
brown
like apices, attached by their bases; rachis light to pale yellow, adaxially
grooved and with glandular blade subcoriaceous, pinnate with
hairs;
up
pinnatisect pinnae. Pinnae linear-deltoid in outline, with to 25 pairs per
and
blade, attenuate the apex, with auriculate-mucronate bases hyaline
at
toothed margins; segments subimbricate, with veins simple once
lateral to
forked, ending in remarkable hydathodes, adaxial and abaxial surfaces with
glandular, 2-4 celled hairs. Fertile pinnae narrower than the sterile ones;
coenosori inframedial, continuous, or partially interrupted in the pinnatisect
regions, indusia glabrous with erose margins. Spores monolete, polar diameter
ca.19 equatorial diameter 31 perispore folded with granular
|im, ca.
|j,m;
and
ornamentation superficial globules of sporopolenin.
Literature Cited
Blechnum
DurAn, M. 1997. Estudios morfologicos, taxonomicos y biosistematicos en genero
L. el
&
Ph Universidad
(Blechnaceae-Pteridophyta). D. dissert, (ined.), Fac. CA. Exact. Fis. Nat.,
Nacional de Cordoba, Argentina,
FoSTRR, A. 1934. The use of tannic acid and iron chloride for staining cell walls in meristematic
Stain Technol. 9:91—92.
tissue.
Un
Herter, G. 1950. nuevo Blechnum de Uruguay. Revista Sudamer. Bot. 8:162-163.
Kramer, K. U., C. Chambers and E. Hennipman. 1990. Blechnaceac. Pp. 60-68, in K. Kubitzki, ed. (K.
U. Kramer and P. S, Green, vol. eds.) The FamiUes and Genero of Vascular Plant, Springer-
Verlag, Berlin.
A
modern
Lelumcer, D. B. 2002. multilingual glossary for taxonomic. Pteridology 3:1-263.
Morbelli, M. a. 1980. Morfologia de esporas de Pteridophyta presentes en region Fuogo-
las las la
Patagonica, Repriblica Argentina. Opera Lilloana 28:1-138.
present [LM), Spore showing folded perispore with granidar ornamentation and a superficial
I.
D mm; mm; mm;
globule (arrowhead) (SEMj. Bars: A: 1 cm; B, and E: 25 C: 2 F: 5 G: 35 jam; IT and
10 [rm
I: