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Blackboard Learn 9.1 - Administering Blackboard Learn PDF

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StrategicPlanning>QuestionstoAskPriortoIntegration Strategic Planning Importinguser,Course,enrollment,andstaffdatafromaninstitution’sinformationsystemsinto BlackboardLearncaninvolvemanydifferentsystemsanddifferentpeople.BlackboardLearnis installedwiththetoolstoassistwiththisprocess,buteveryOrganizationisuniqueandhasdifferent requirements. Toestablishasuccessfulprocess,carefulplanningisnecessaryaswellasanunderstandingofthe underlyingsystemsinvolved.TheintegrationprocessisacollaborativeeffortbetweenBlackboard Learnandtheinstitution.Workingtogethertodesignandthenimplementaseamlessprocesstakes considerableplanning.BlackboardConsultingcanprovidethesupport,experience,andknowledge necessarytoassistinstitutionswithanefficientintegration. Questions to Ask Priorto Integration Institutionsmustanswerthefollowingquestionspriortodataintegration: WhichinstitutionalsystemscontainthedataforintegrationwithBlackboardLearn? l HowwillattributesoftheinstitutionalsystemmaptoBlackboardLearn? l Whichcriteriamustbesatisfiedbeforeadatarecordcanbesentfromtheinstitutionalsys- l temtoBlackboardLearn? Howwillintegrationprovidetheneededpackaginganderrorhandlingpracticesrequiredby l theinstitution? ProjectTeams Tosuccessfullyplanandimplementadataintegrationproject,Blackboardrecommendsforming cross-functionalteamsrepresentingeachstakeholderintheproject.Theseteamsusuallyconsistof: AninstitutionalProjectManager l Analystswithdetailedunderstandingoftheinstitution’sbusinessprocesses,needs,and l associatedinformationsystems Programmerswiththeabilitytoquery,reportfrom,andinterfacewiththeenterprisesys- l tems IftheinstitutionisworkingwithBlackboardConsultingonthedataintegrationproject,theseteams shouldalsorepresentBlackboard,theinstitution,andsolutionpartners.Theseteamsmayconsistof: AninstitutionalProjectManager l ABlackboardProjectManager l Institutionalanalystswithdetailedunderstandingoftheinstitution’sbusinessprocesses, l needs,andassociatedinformationsystems Institutionalprogrammerswiththeabilitytoquery,reportfrom,andinterfacewiththeenter- l prisesystems Blackboardandsolution-partnertechnicalconsultants l Steps to a SuccessfulIntegration Therearesevenbasicstepstoasuccessfulintegration. BlackboardLearnRelease9.1-ManagingServers-Page1 ©2010BlackboardInc.ProprietaryandConfidential.U.S.PatentNo.6,988,138.AdditionalPatentsPending. StrategicPlanning>DataIntegrationPlanningProcess 1. Definethescopeandtimeframeofthedataintegrationproject:whatdataentitieswillbe exchangedbetweenthesystemsandwhenwilltheprojectbecomplete? 2. Develop,analyze,anddocumentrequirements,includingownershipofdataentitiesand attributes,keydefinition,attributemapping,datamodelingandtriggerdetermination, timeliness,reliability,security,andoperationalissues. 3. Design,configure,andprogramadata-integrationsolution:althoughBlackboardLearn featuresmanybuilt-inintegrationcapabilities,someinstitutionsmayrequireadditional customization.Whereappropriate,theprojectteamcanuseexistingsolutionsfrom enterprisevendors,reusepriorsolutionsdevelopedforotherinstitutions,ordevelopan entirelynewcustomsolution. 4. Developanddocumentoperatingproceduresforallaffectedparties. 5. Testthesystem. 6. Transferthetechnologytotheoperationsteamattheinstitution. 7. Trainallrelevantpersonnel. Data Integration Planning Process Documenttheplanning,design,configurationandprogrammingofthedataintegrationprocessof stepstwoandthreeinthepreviouslist.Theplanningportionconsistsofdevelopingthefollowing: Datamapping:organizethedatasourcestopreparethedatadictionary(adocumentthat l liststhevariousacceptableattributesforeachdatafield)andmaprequiredandoptional attributesofBlackboardLearntothoseofinstitutionalsystems.TheBlackboardDataDic- tionarybeginswithCategoryDataFeedElements. Datalifecycle:generatebusinessrulesthatregulatehowdataishandled,forexample l whenrecordsareadded,removedorarchived. Dataoperations:generaterulesthatgoverntheuseoftheintegrationtoolstotransfer l data,forexamplehowthesystemisinitiallypopulated,andhowitissynchronizedwith othersystems. Tips Completethedataintegrationforoneinformationsystematatime;itisquickertoadda l secondauxiliarysystemafterthefirstisdone. Whenplanningtheintegration,focusongettingthedataintothesystembeforedetermining l whentoremoveit.Inmostcases,institutionswillhaveawholesemesterorlongertocom- pletetherulesfordisablingdatasotheplantoremoveitdoesnothavetobecompletedup front. Forassistanceinplanningdataintegration,pleasecontactBlackboardConsulting. l BlackboardLearnRelease9.1-ManagingServers-Page2 ©2010BlackboardInc.ProprietaryandConfidential.U.S.PatentNo.6,988,138.AdditionalPatentsPending. GettingStartedwithServerAdministration>WheretoStart Getting Started with Server Administration Where to Start InstitutionsthathavejustinstalledBlackboardLearnshouldbecomefamiliarwiththeenvironment beforemakingitavailabletousers.Afterinstallation,readtheavailableBlackboardLearndoc- umentationandthendevelopandreviseaplanformanagingthesystem.Consider: Authentication:ShoulduserslogintoBlackboardLearnusingauniqueusernameand l passwordorshouldusersauthenticateonceonthenetworkandthenhaveseamless accesstoBlackboardLearn?ReadthesectiononAuthenticationforinformationonhowto integrateBlackboardLearnwithanauthenticationsystemalreadyoncampus(suchas LDAPorActiveDirectory). Security:ShouldusercommunicationswithBlackboardLearnbeprotectedbySSL?Will l userssufferwithslowerperformanceduetoSSL?ReadthesectiononSSLtoencryptuser communicationswithBlackboardLearn. Maintenance:ReadtheBlackboardLearnArchitecturesectionforguidanceonserver l maintenance.Thissectionalsoreviewsthefilesystemanddatabasestructureandthe commandlinetoolsavailabletoadministrators. OtherResources forAdministrators ItisimportantthatadministratorsreadtheReleaseNotesandreviewtheKnownandResolved Issues. ForinformationaboutoptimizingBlackboardLearntoperformbestinaparticularenvironment,see AboutOptimizingBlackboardLearn. PushConfigUpdates ThePushConfigUpdatescommandautomaticallyupdatestheadmindatainthedatabasebyread- ingthevalueintheconfig.xml.Itautomaticallypushesthechangesofthedatabasehostname andport,instancename,andexternallyvisiblewebserverhostnametothedatabase. WhenthePushConfiguUpdatescommandiscomplete,itwillnotdisplaywhetherornotdynamic compressionisenabledonyourIIS installation.VerifythissettinginIIS 6.0byvisitingConfigure CompressioninIIS6.0usingWindows2003orinIIS 7.0byvisitingConfigureCompressioninIIS7.0 usingWindows2008. FormoreinformationaboutPushConfigUpdates,seePushConfigUpdates. Blackboard Learn -Basic Edition Limitations Severaloftheserver-sideoptionsdescribedinthismanualarenotavailabletoInstitutionsrunning BlackboardLearn-BasicEdition.BlackboardLearn-BasicEditionadministratorswillfindtheArchi- tecturesectionvaluable.IntegratedauthenticationandSSLarenotavailablewithBlackboardLearn- BasicEdition. BlackboardLearnRelease9.1-ManagingServers-Page3 ©2010BlackboardInc.ProprietaryandConfidential.U.S.PatentNo.6,988,138.AdditionalPatentsPending. StrategicPlanning>QuestionstoAskPriortoIntegration Strategic Planning Importinguser,Course,enrollment,andstaffdatafromaninstitution’sinformationsystemsinto BlackboardLearncaninvolvemanydifferentsystemsanddifferentpeople.BlackboardLearnis installedwiththetoolstoassistwiththisprocess,buteveryOrganizationisuniqueandhasdifferent requirements. Toestablishasuccessfulprocess,carefulplanningisnecessaryaswellasanunderstandingofthe underlyingsystemsinvolved.TheintegrationprocessisacollaborativeeffortbetweenBlackboard Learnandtheinstitution.Workingtogethertodesignandthenimplementaseamlessprocesstakes considerableplanning.BlackboardConsultingcanprovidethesupport,experience,andknowledge necessarytoassistinstitutionswithanefficientintegration. Questions to Ask Priorto Integration Institutionsmustanswerthefollowingquestionspriortodataintegration: WhichinstitutionalsystemscontainthedataforintegrationwithBlackboardLearn? l HowwillattributesoftheinstitutionalsystemmaptoBlackboardLearn? l Whichcriteriamustbesatisfiedbeforeadatarecordcanbesentfromtheinstitutionalsys- l temtoBlackboardLearn? Howwillintegrationprovidetheneededpackaginganderrorhandlingpracticesrequiredby l theinstitution? ProjectTeams Tosuccessfullyplanandimplementadataintegrationproject,Blackboardrecommendsforming cross-functionalteamsrepresentingeachstakeholderintheproject.Theseteamsusuallyconsistof: AninstitutionalProjectManager l Analystswithdetailedunderstandingoftheinstitution’sbusinessprocesses,needs,and l associatedinformationsystems Programmerswiththeabilitytoquery,reportfrom,andinterfacewiththeenterprisesys- l tems IftheinstitutionisworkingwithBlackboardConsultingonthedataintegrationproject,theseteams shouldalsorepresentBlackboard,theinstitution,andsolutionpartners.Theseteamsmayconsistof: AninstitutionalProjectManager l ABlackboardProjectManager l Institutionalanalystswithdetailedunderstandingoftheinstitution’sbusinessprocesses, l needs,andassociatedinformationsystems Institutionalprogrammerswiththeabilitytoquery,reportfrom,andinterfacewiththeenter- l prisesystems Blackboardandsolution-partnertechnicalconsultants l Steps to a SuccessfulIntegration Therearesevenbasicstepstoasuccessfulintegration. BlackboardLearnRelease9.1-ManagingServers-Page4 ©2010BlackboardInc.ProprietaryandConfidential.U.S.PatentNo.6,988,138.AdditionalPatentsPending. StrategicPlanning>DataIntegrationPlanningProcess 1. Definethescopeandtimeframeofthedataintegrationproject:whatdataentitieswillbe exchangedbetweenthesystemsandwhenwilltheprojectbecomplete? 2. Develop,analyze,anddocumentrequirements,includingownershipofdataentitiesand attributes,keydefinition,attributemapping,datamodelingandtriggerdetermination, timeliness,reliability,security,andoperationalissues. 3. Design,configure,andprogramadata-integrationsolution:althoughBlackboardLearn featuresmanybuilt-inintegrationcapabilities,someinstitutionsmayrequireadditional customization.Whereappropriate,theprojectteamcanuseexistingsolutionsfrom enterprisevendors,reusepriorsolutionsdevelopedforotherinstitutions,ordevelopan entirelynewcustomsolution. 4. Developanddocumentoperatingproceduresforallaffectedparties. 5. Testthesystem. 6. Transferthetechnologytotheoperationsteamattheinstitution. 7. Trainallrelevantpersonnel. Data Integration Planning Process Documenttheplanning,design,configurationandprogrammingofthedataintegrationprocessof stepstwoandthreeinthepreviouslist.Theplanningportionconsistsofdevelopingthefollowing: Datamapping:organizethedatasourcestopreparethedatadictionary(adocumentthat l liststhevariousacceptableattributesforeachdatafield)andmaprequiredandoptional attributesofBlackboardLearntothoseofinstitutionalsystems.TheBlackboardDataDic- tionarybeginswithCategoryDataFeedElements. Datalifecycle:generatebusinessrulesthatregulatehowdataishandled,forexample l whenrecordsareadded,removedorarchived. Dataoperations:generaterulesthatgoverntheuseoftheintegrationtoolstotransfer l data,forexamplehowthesystemisinitiallypopulated,andhowitissynchronizedwith othersystems. Tips Completethedataintegrationforoneinformationsystematatime;itisquickertoadda l secondauxiliarysystemafterthefirstisdone. Whenplanningtheintegration,focusongettingthedataintothesystembeforedetermining l whentoremoveit.Inmostcases,institutionswillhaveawholesemesterorlongertocom- pletetherulesfordisablingdatasotheplantoremoveitdoesnothavetobecompletedup front. Forassistanceinplanningdataintegration,pleasecontactBlackboardConsulting. l BlackboardLearnRelease9.1-ManagingServers-Page5 ©2010BlackboardInc.ProprietaryandConfidential.U.S.PatentNo.6,988,138.AdditionalPatentsPending. PlanningThroughStandardization>StandardizedStructures Planning Through Standardization Forsystemstobeabletoexchangedata,standardizedstructuresneedtobeinplace.Theinfor- mationmodelusedbyBlackboardLearnisthatdefinedbytheInstructionalManagementSystem (IMS)consortium.IMSisaglobaleffortwhoseprimaryobjectiveistodefineastandardizedsetof structuresthatcanbeusedtoexchangedatabetweendifferentinstruction-basedsystems.IMShas definedaninformationmodelandprovidedaspecificationfortransferofsuchdata. Formoreinformation,visittheIMSWebsite:http://www.imsproject.org/. Standardized Structures ThestructureswithinBlackboardLearnthatarestandardizedtousetheIMSmodelforexchanging dataallowforthesuccessfulmappingofaninstitution’sdataintoBlackboardLearn.Thefollowing tabledetailsthesestructures. Blackboard LearnData IMS Data Entity Entity Description User Person AnenduserofBlackboardLearn,includingStudents,staff,and others. Course Group AninstanceofanonlineclassdeliveredthroughtheBlackboard Learn,typicallyaCoursesection. Organization Group Asiteforgroups,Organizations,clubs,andteamstohaveanonline presence,shareinformation,engageinincreasedcommunication, andcollaborateontasks. Student Groupmem- TherecordestablishingaStudent’sparticipationinaCourseWeb enrollment bership site. StaffStudent Groupmem- Therecordestablishingastaffmember’sparticipationinaCourse bership Websiteandtheirroleinthedeliveryofthecourse. Organization Groupmem- Therecordestablishingauser’smembershipinanOrganizationand membership bership theirroleintheorganization. BlackboardLearnRelease9.1-ManagingServers-Page6 ©2010BlackboardInc.ProprietaryandConfidential.U.S.PatentNo.6,988,138.AdditionalPatentsPending. AboutVirtualizingtheBlackboardReferenceArchitecture >SupportedVirtualizationTechnologies About Virtualizing the Blackboard Reference Architecture Virtualizationisadeploymentstrategythatdistributesserverresourcesintoseparate,logicalenvi- ronments.Whensystemsarevirtualized,alayerofsoftwareisabstractedsothatmorethanoneoper- atingsystemandapplicationenvironmentcanoperateonthesamepieceofhardware.Multiplevirtual machines(VMs)sharehardwareresourceswithoutinterferingwitheachother. TheBlackboardReferenceArchitectureextendsvirtualizationtomakethebestuseoftoday’spow- erfulhardware.Asorganizationsaddhardwaretotheirsystemswithmultipleprocessorsandmultiple coresperprocessor,virtualizingthosesystemsisthenextlogicalstepinmaximizingthepotential andefficiencyoftheseresources. BlackboardencouragestheuseofvirtualizationasanextensionoftheBlackboardReferenceArchi- tecture.Thecreation,maintenance,andtroubleshootingoftheVMenvironmentistheresponsibility oftheclient. Supported Virtualization Technologies VMware®ESXServer4(Linux®andWindows®)istheonlyconfigurationCertifiedbyBlackboardfor Release9.1. BlackboardsupportsothervirtualizationsolutionsaslongasBlackboardandthehypervisorsupport theguestoperatingsystem. InadditiontoVMware,BlackboardhasexperiencewithSolaris™10ZonesandRedHat®Enterprise Linux®4&5Xen™. Benefits ofVirtualization Themainbenefitsofvirtualizationare: SaveMoney:Virtualizedsystemsreduceoverallhardwarecostsbecausethehardware l canbeusedmoreefficiently.Usingfewerserversmeansthereislesssupportingphysical infrastructure.Theresultislesspowerdrawntorunhardwareandlowercoolingrequire- ments.ThisallowsorganizationstheflexibilitytoexpandtheirITinfrastructureatanappro- priatepace. SavetheEnvironment:Reducingthenumberofserversinadatacenterreducesthe l energyfootprintoftheimplementation.Fewerserversrequirelessfloorspace,aircon- ditioning,racks,networks,wire,cables,powersupplies,andbackupsystems.Thecost savingscanbesignificantwhenaddinguptheamountfortheservers,themonitors,and theairconditioningrequiredforkeepingthemcool. AchieveHigherLevelsofAvailability/ BusinessContinuity:Virtualizationminimizes l serverdowntime.AcrashcanoccurwithinaVMandnotimpacttheotherVMsonthe sameserver.ThisallowsanorganizationtoshutdownindividualVMswithoutinterfering withtheuseofotherapplications.VMscansavehoursofdowntimerelatedtorecoveryto generalmaintenance.Theabilitytomoveserversbetweenhardwarecansimplify upgrades. BlackboardLearnRelease9.1-ManagingServers-Page7 ©2010BlackboardInc.ProprietaryandConfidential.U.S.PatentNo.6,988,138.AdditionalPatentsPending. VirtualizingtheBlackboardReferenceArchitecture >PortRequirements Virtualizing the Blackboard Reference Architecture Blackboardsupportsloadbalancingacrossapplicationserversbutdoesnotsupportanyspecifichard- wareloadbalancer.Thesegeneralrecommendationscanbeusedtoconfigureyourloadbalancerof choicetoworkbestinyourparticularenvironment. NoteSSLoff-loadingisnotsupportedbyBlackboard. PortRequirements Usethefollowingportswhenconfiguringyoursystem: HTTP:80 l HTTPS:443 l CollaborationServer:8010and8011(Optional:8443iftheCollaborationServerisusing l SSL) Identifying the ServerforTroubleshooting Purposes Foreachserver,createastaticserver.htmlpagethatdisplaysitsidentifyinginformation.Placeallof thepagesinthe/blackboard/docsdirectory.Toviewtheserver.htmlpageforthecurrentserver,goto thefollowingURL:http://blackboard.yourschool.edu/server.html. Persistence Requirements Blackboardrecommendsconfiguringtheloadbalancerforcookie-insert-basedsessionaffinity.The Blackboardsessioncookieshouldbeusedonlyasanalternativetothecookie-insertmethod. Health Check BlackboardrecommendsmonitoringTomcat,Apache(Linux),andIIS(Windows)forlivelinessto ensurethattheloadbalancerissendingtraffictoapplicationserversthatareabletohandlethetraffic. Health Check Interval Whenperformingahealthcheck,itisimportanttosetahealthcheckintervalthatisfrequentenough tomaintainthehealthoftheapplication,butnotsofrequentthatitaffectsperformance.Whena healthcheckfailsforaspecificapplicationserver,theloadbalancerredistributesthetrafficthatwas boundforthatservertotheremainingavailableservers.Thisintervalshouldbeoptimizedtoensure thathealthynodesdonotinadvertentlyfailthehealthcheckduringafullgarbagecollectionbythe JVM.Blackboardconsidersintervalssuchasoneminuteor.1secondsasextremevaluesandrec- ommendsthattheybeavoided.Blackboardrecommendsstartingwithahealthcheckintervalof20 secondsandblockingtraffictoanodeafterthreefailures(60seconds). Idle Timeout Blackboardrecommendsthatabrowsersessioncookiebeinsertedattheloadbalancersothatthe sessioncookiedoesnottimeoutuntiltheuserclosestheirbrowser.Theidletimeoutoftheper- sistencecookieinsertedattheloadbalancershouldbesettogreaterthantheBlackboardsession timeout. Distribution Methods Differentalgorithmscanbeusedtodeterminedistributionmethods.“Roundrobin”and“leastcon- nections”arethetwomostcommonloadbalancingmethodsused.Toavoidoverloadinganysingle BlackboardLearnRelease9.1-ManagingServers-Page8 ©2010BlackboardInc.ProprietaryandConfidential.U.S.PatentNo.6,988,138.AdditionalPatentsPending. VirtualizingtheBlackboardReferenceArchitecture >CollaborationServer serverinthecluster,selectthemethodthatwillensurethateachapplicationserverreceivesapprox- imatelythesameamountoftraffic. Collaboration Server TheCollaborationServerisastandaloneservicethatprovideschatandvirtualclassroomservices. OnlyoneCollaborationServercanbeavailableinanenvironment.Attemptingtoloadbalancemul- tipleCollaborationServerswillresultinusersbeingisolatedfromeachotherondifferentservers. Whenconfiguringyourloadbalancedenvironment,youmustchooseoneBlackboardapplication servertoalsoruntheCollaborationServer. Standard Collaboration Server Configuration Inthestandardconfiguration,theCollaborationServercanbeconnectedtodirectlythroughanexter- nalhostname. HowtoUsetheStandardConfiguration 1. OneachBlackboardLearnapplicationserver,setthefollowingparametersinthebb- config.propertiesfile: a. Setbbconfig.config.collabserver.fullhostname.defaultto thefullyqualifiedhostnameoftheCollaboration Server. b. Setbbconfig.collabserver.run.on.localhosttofalse. 2. OntheCollaborationServer,inthebb-config.propertiesfile,setbbcon- fig.collabserver.run.on.localhosttotrue. AlternateCollaboration Server Configuration Alternatively,theCollaborationServercanbeconfiguredtobeavailablethroughtheloadbalancer. ThiscanbeusefulbecausethestandardconfigurationmightmakeitnecessarytochangeIPcon- figurationsorwaitforDNSupdatesintheeventofahostfailure. NoteIntheeventofaCollaborationServicefailovertoanotherhost,allexistingsessionswillbelost. HowtoUsetheAlternateConfiguration 1. Ontheloadbalancer,configuretheCollaborationServertobeavailableonports8010 and8011asIP layer 4 services. 2. OneachBlackboardLearnapplicationserver,setthefollowingparametersinthebb- config.propertiesfile: a. Setbbconfig.config.collabserver.fullhostname.defaultto thefullyqualifiedhostnameoftheBlackboardloadbalancedaddress. b. Setbbconfig.collabserver.run.on.localhosttofalse. 3. OntheCollaborationServer,inthebb-config.propertiesfile,setbbcon- fig.collabserver.run.on.localhosttotrue. Blackboard SystemTasks CertainBlackboardsystemtasksneedtobeexecutedononlyoneserver,whileothertasksneedto beexecutedonallservers.Thesetasksareoutlinedandconfiguredintheblackboard/config/bb- tasks.xmlfile. On AllApplication Servers Thefollowingtasksmustberunoneachapplicationserver: BlackboardLearnRelease9.1-ManagingServers-Page9 ©2010BlackboardInc.ProprietaryandConfidential.U.S.PatentNo.6,988,138.AdditionalPatentsPending. VirtualizingtheBlackboardReferenceArchitecture >BlackboardSystemTasks bb.db.cache l bb.task.queue l bb.systeminfo.reporting l bb.portal.integration.poolmanagementstartup l On OneApplication Server Thefollowingsystemtasksneedtoberunononeapplicationservertooptimizeperformance: bb-db.cache l bb.portal.channel.update l bb.scheduled.report.queuer l bb.cartridge.download l bb.portal.emailnotification l bb.session.invalidation l bb.disk_usage l bb.portal.includeUrl.update l bb.stats.purging l bb.distribution.sendnotification l bb.portal.integration.poolmanagementstartup l bb.systeminfo.reporting l bb.domain.calculation l bb.quota.notification l bb.task.queue l bb.ew.refresh.all.rules l bb.remove.stale.notification.data l bb.tracking.report l bb.log.rotation l bb.scheduled.workflow.queuer l bb.remove.stale.notification.data l bb.distribution.sendnotification l bb.ews.refresh.all.rules l NoteThebb-task.xmlfilewillberesettoitsdefaultsettingswhenyouinstallanyBlackboardLearn softwarepatchorupgrade.Youmustmakethedesiredchangestothisfileaftereverysoftwarepatch orupgrade. BlackboardLearnRelease9.1-ManagingServers-Page10 ©2010BlackboardInc.ProprietaryandConfidential.U.S.PatentNo.6,988,138.AdditionalPatentsPending.

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Data mapping: organize the data sources to prepare the data dictionary (a document that lists the various dual-socket, quad core configuration.
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Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.