Birds of New Guinea PDF
Preview Birds of New Guinea
Birds of New Guinea Second Edition Princeton Field Guides Rooted in field experience and scientific study, Princeton’s guides to animals and plants are the authority for professional scientists and amateur naturalists alike. Princeton Field Guides present this information in a compact format carefully designed for easy use in the field. The guides illustrate every species in color and provide detailed information on identification, distribution, and biology. 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Christensen, and P. Schiermacker-H ansen Birds of Nepal, by Richard Grimmett, Carol Inskipp, and Tim Inskipp Birds of New Guinea, by Thane K. Pratt and Bruce M. Beehler Birds of Northern India, by Richard Grimmett and Tim Inskipp Birds of Peru, by Thomas S. Schulenberg, Douglas F. Stotz, Daniel F. Lane, John P. O’Neill, and Theodore A. Parker III Birds of the Seychelles, by Adrian Skerrett and Ian Bullock Birds of Southeast Asia, by Craig Robson Birds of Southern Africa, 4th edition, by Ian Sinclair, Phil Hockey, Warwick Tarboton, and Peter Ryan Birds of Thailand, by Craig Robson Birds of the West Indies, by Herbert Raffaele, James Wiley, Orlando Garrido, Allan Keith, and Janis Raffaele Birds of Western Africa, by Nik Borrow and Ron Demey Carnivores of the World, by Luke Hunter Caterpillars of Eastern North America: A Guide to Identification and Natural History, by David L. Wagner Common Mosses of the Northeast and Appalachians, by Karl B. 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Christie Seeds of Amazonian Plants, by Fernando Cornejo and John Janovec Sharks of the World, by Leonard Compagno, Marc Dando, and Sarah Fowler Stars and Planets: The Most Complete Guide to the Stars, Planets, Galaxies, and the Solar System, Fully Revised and Expanded Edition, by Ian Ridpath and Wil Tirion Trees of Panama and Costa Rica, by Richard Condit, Rolando Pérez, and Nefertaris Daguerre Whales, Dolphins, and Other Marine Mammals of the World, by Hadoram Shirihai and Brett Jarrett Birds of New Guinea Second Edition Thane K. Pratt and Bruce M. Beehler With editorial contributions by K. David Bishop, Brian J. Coates, Jared M. Diamond, and Mary LeCroy Illustrated by John C. Anderton and Szabolcs Kókay and James Coe and Dale Zimmerman PRINCETON UNIvERSITy PRESS PRINCETON AND OxFORD Copyright © 2015 by Princeton University Press Published by Princeton University Press, 41 William Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 In the United Kingdom: Princeton University Press, 6 Oxford Street, Woodstock, Oxfordshire Ox20 1TW press.princeton.edu Jacket illustration by Szabolcs KÓkay All Rights Reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Pratt, Thane K. Birds of New Guinea / Thane K. Pratt and Bruce M. Beehler ; with editorial contributions by K. David Bishop, Brian J. Coates, Jared M. Diamond, and Mary LeCroy ; illustrated by John C. Anderton and Szabolcs KÓkay and James Coe and Dale Zimmerman. — Second edition pages cm. — (Princeton field guides) Previous edition by Bruce M. Beehler, Thane K. Pratt, and Dale A. Zimmerman. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-691-09562-2 (hardback : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-0-691-09563-9 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Birds—New Guinea. 2. Birds—New Guinea—Identification.. I. Beehler, Bruce McP. II. Title. QL691.N48B44 2014 598.0995--dc23 2014009192 British Library Cataloging- in- Publication Data is available Recommended citation: Pratt, Thane K., and Bruce M. Beehler. 2015. Birds of New Guinea, Second Edition. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, USA This book has been composed in Minion and Myriad Pro Printed on acid- free paper. ∞ Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Dedicated to William J. and Judy Hancock Will and Judy, formerly teachers at Hawai`i Preparatory Academy, all but adopted Thane from high school onward. Will was instrumental in securing a series of seed grants from the Reid Foundation that allowed us to take the book the quantum leap forward to an entirely new second edition. Their kindness and generosity over the years will always be remembered with much affection. Mahalo nui loa! Russell and Robert Faucett Russ and Rob joined the project towards the end, and it was their substantial grants through the Faucett Catalyst Fund that enabled us to complete the book by funding artwork, all the maps, and travel to PNG for artist John Anderton so that he would see firsthand the kaleidoscope world of New Guinea birds. Russ and Rob took considerable interest in the project, and they provided encouragement every step of the way. To them we are deeply grateful. Linda Pratt and Carol Beehler For their love and support. Contents Preface 9 Acknowledgments 11 Abbreviations 13 1. Introduction 14 2. How to Use This Book 17 3. New Guinea Natural History 20 4. In the Field in Search of Birds 33 Selected References 36 Web Sources 39 Plates 40 Species Accounts 262 Index 517 8 Preface Twenty- eight years have passed since publication of the first edition of Birds of New Guinea. In that time, big changes have taken place in this important bird region. The human population has more than doubled, economic development— particularly mining and logging— has accelerated, and the loss of habitat has increased proportionately. On the brighter side, vast tracts of wilderness remain, several international conservation organizations have joined forces with local governments to protect the forest, birding as a form of ecotourism has blossomed, and a new generation of field researchers has taken to the bush. Exciting new information on bird distribution and biology has poured in. And as if to heighten appreciation for New Guinea’s avifauna, modern molecular systematic research has revolutionized the classification of birds and pinpointed New Guinea and Australia as the motherland of the world’s most prominent bird lineage, the songbirds (oscine passerines). In light of these changes, a new edition of Birds of New Guinea is timely. A book must suit the purposes of the people using it. In many parts of the world—A ustralia, Europe, North America— field guides to birds are written mainly for birders (bird- watchers). These books focus solely on how to identify birds to species, how to tell the age and sex of a bird, and how and where to find it. Readers wishing to learn more about birds can turn to other books for information on bird natural history, ecology, reproduction, evolution, geographic variation, classification, and conservation. Unfortunately, much of this information on New Guinea birds can be found only in technical literature that is not readily available. It is our wish that readers in the field have more basic information at their fingertips. In the new edition of Birds of New Guinea, we have expanded the content of the species accounts to include more biological details— behavior, diet, nesting— than are typically covered in a field guide. As for the identification purpose of the book, we have also expanded the species accounts in this second edition to explain how to determine the sex and age of a bird, and how geographic variation is partitioned into subspecies (races). To accomplish all this, we have adopted a “handbook-s tyle” format for the book. Rather than fitting all the information opposite the painted plates—the format typical of most recent field guides—our book presents detailed species accounts in the body of the book separate from the illustrations in the front, with abridged species accounts and maps facing the plates. We hope this additional information will be of use to birders, tour guides, biologists, and conservationists who enjoy New Guinea birds and strive to learn more about them. Changes have been made in authorship and artwork in the second edition. This time the book has two authors, rather than three. We want to take this opportunity to express our deep appreciation to Dale A. Zimmerman, coauthor and principal artist of the first edition. In many respects, Dale was the “senior partner” who freely offered guidance to the two younger authors embarking on their first major book. We also wish to acknowledge Brian Finch and the late Harry Bell, whose text contributions in the first edition have been brought in one form or another to the new edition. Jared Diamond’s descriptions of vocalizations were similarly carried over to the new edition. The text for the new edition has been drafted solely by us (Pratt and Beehler). Early drafts were reviewed and improved by an expert panel that included David Bishop, Brian Coates, Jared Diamond, and Mary LeCroy. These colleagues each contributed knowledge gained over a lifetime of study of the birdlife of New Guinea. Expanding the scope of the book demanded new artwork, and for that we turned to John Anderton, known for his work in Birds of South Asia. Together, authors and artist drew up a plate plan that more than doubled the number of figures and resulted in replacing nearly all original artwork. John painted the majority of the plates. John’s observations on bird plumages at the American Museum of Natural History have clarified numerous uncertainties and even made some unexpected discoveries. Toward the end of the project we recruited Szabolcs Kókay to illustrate the shorebirds, fruit- doves, bowerbird bowers, and birds of paradise. James Coe granted permission to use the original tern- and- gull plate in combination with new figures by Szabolcs. 9
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