Table Of Content

Biotechnology for Toxicity Remediation and Environmental Sustainability Environmental issues such as ozone layer depletion, overpopulation, biodiversity loss, global warming, natural resource depletion, and so on affect every organism on the planet somehow. Environmental biotechnology applications can help protect and restore the quality of the environment. The goal is to use biotechnology with other technologies and safety procedures to prevent, arrest, and reverse environmental degradation. Environmental biotechnology is one of the most rapidly expanding and practically useful scientifc felds. Biochemistry, physiology, and genetic research of microorganisms can be converted into commercially available technologies for reversing and preventing the further deterioration of the Earth’s environment. Solid, liquid, and gaseous wastes can be altered either by recycling new by-products or by purifying to make the end product less harmful to the environment. Biotechnology for Toxicity Remediation and Environmental Sustainability discusses the removal of pollutants by absorption techniques and recycling wastewater into valuable by-products and biofuels by microorganisms. Moreover, this book also addresses corrosion prevention by green inhibitors, uses of electrochemical systems for renewable energy and waste recycling using microbes, and recent food safety and security trends in the food microbiome. On the other hand, this book also discusses therapy and treatments against antibiotic-resistant bacteria, anticancer and pharmacological properties of thymoquinone, and preventive properties of zinc nanoparticles against stress-mediated apoptosis in epithelial cells. FEATURES • Covers all aspects of biotechnological application in the environment. • Discusses sustainable technology for wastewater treatment and value-added products from wastewater. • Focuses on research activities on green corrosion inhibitors, bioelectrochemical systems, food safety and security, and antimicrobial resistance. The book is a valuable resource for the undergrad and graduate students, doctoral and postdoctoral scholars, industrial personnel, academicians, scientists, researchers, and policy makers involved in understanding and implementing applications of biotechnology for environmental toxic remediation. Biotechnology for Toxicity Remediation and Environmental Sustainability Edited by K. M. Gothandam Ramachandran Srinivasan Shivendu Ranjan Nandita Dasgupta First edition published 2023 by CRC Press 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487–2742 and by CRC Press 4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, LLC © 2023 selection and editorial matter, K. M. Gothandam, Ramachandran Srinivasan, Shivendu Ranjan and Nandita Dasgupta; individual chapters, the contributors Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microflming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, access www. copyright.com or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978–750–8400. For works that are not available on CCC please contact [email protected] Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks and are used only for identifcation and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging‑in‑Publication Data Names: Gothandam, K. M., editor. Title: Biotechnology for toxicity remediation and environmental sustainability / edited by K.M. Gothandam, Ramachandran Srinivasan, Shivendu Ranjan and Nandita Dasgupta Description: First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, [2023] | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifers: LCCN 2022031570 (print) | LCCN 2022031571 (ebook) | ISBN 9781032319230 (hbk) | ISBN 9781032320199 (pbk) | ISBN 9781003312390 (ebk) Subjects: LCSH: Bioremediation. Classifcation: LCC TD192.5 .B5635 2023 (print) | LCC TD192.5 (ebook) | DDC 628.5—dc23/ eng/20221011 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2022031570 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2022031571 ISBN: 978-1-032-31923-0 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-032-32019-9 (pbk) ISBN: 978-1-003-31239-0 (ebk) DOI: 10.1201/9781003312390 Typeset in Times by Apex CoVantage, LLC Contents Preface...................................................................................................................... vii About the Editors...................................................................................................... ix List of Contributors................................................................................................... xi Chapter 1 Recent Literature on Biosorption as a Sustainable Environmental Technology to Remove Pollutants.............................................................................. 1 Eliana Soledad Lemos, Estefanía Belén Ingrassia, and Leticia Belén Escudero Chapter 2 Production of Biofuels and Value-Added Products Using Anaerobic Digestion of Wastewater............................................................................................................35 Rajathirajan Siva Dharshini, Shivakumar Renuka Dharani, K. N. Arul Jothi, Ramachandran Srinivasan, and Mohandass Ramya Chapter 3 Biodiesel Production by Organic Transformations ...................................................61 Eustace Fernando, H. M. B. M. M. D. Herath, P. N. Yapa, H. K. S. de Zoysa, and T. C. Bamunuarachchige Chapter 4 An Overview of Green Corrosion Inhibitors..........................................................109 Shamnamol G. K., Jaya Mary Jacob, Arya Krishnan, Resmi S., and Sreelekshmi S. Chapter 5 Biochemical, Molecular, and Microbial Ecological Aspects of Bioelectrochemical Systems .................................................................................. 137 Eustace Fernando, Chamika de Silva, Zumaira Nazeer, and Godfrey Kyazze Chapter 6 Food Microbiome: Ecology, Functions, and Emerging Trends in Food Safety and Security ........................................................................................................... 169 Srinivasan Krishnamoorthy, Arunkumar Anandharaj, N. Baskaran, Ashish Rawson, and S. Vignesh v vi Contents Chapter 7 What We Know and What We Don’t on Antimicrobial Resistance: A Call for Action ................................................................................................... 193 Balasubramani Gangathraprabhu, Santhanam Geethanjali, Kannan Suganya, Balakrishnan Jeyakumar, Nagaraja Suryadevara, Neevashini Chengebroyen, and Maruthamuthu Murugan Chapter 8 Overall Thymoquinone Pharmacological Properties and Its Use as an Anticancer Agent ...................................................................................................227 Arun R. K. Kumar, Wilner Martínez-López, and Radha Saraswathy Chapter 9 Function of ZnS Nanoparticles on Stress-Mediated Apoptosis in Mouse Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells ............................................................................ 267 Karthikeyan Bose, Lakshminarasimhan Harini, Thimma Mohan Viswanathan, Krishnan Sundar, and Thandavarayan Kathiresan Preface The environment is a complex conglomeration of physical and biological ele- ments, as well as their interactions. Environmental issues such as ozone layer depletion, overpopulation, biodiversity loss, global warming, and natural resource depletion affect every organism on the planet in some way. Biotechnological applications can help with toxic remediation and environmental sustainability. The goal is to use biotechnology with other technologies and safety procedures to prevent, arrest, and reverse environmental degradation. Environmental sustainability is one of the most rapidly expanding and practically useful scientifc felds. Biochemistry, physiology, and genetic research of microorganisms can be converted into commercially available technologies for reversing and preventing the further deterioration of the Earth’s environment. Solid, liquid, and gaseous wastes can be altered either by recycling new by-products or by purifying to make the end product less harmful to the environment. This book discusses the removal of pollutants by absorption techniques and recycling wastewater into valuable by-products and biofuels by microorganisms. Moreover, this book also addresses corrosion prevention by green inhibitors, the uses electrochemical systems for renewable energy and waste recycling using microbes, and recent food safety and security trends in the food microbiome. On the other hand, this book also discusses therapy and treatments against antibiotic-resistant bacteria, anticancer and pharmacological properties of thymoquinone, and preventive properties of zinc nanoparticles against stress-mediated apoptosis in epithelial cells. Thanks for reading. K. M. Gothandam, Ramachandran Srinivasan, Shivendu Ranjan, and Nandita Dasgupta vii About the Editors Dr. Gothandam K. M. is Professor in the Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore. He obtained his PhD (2002) from Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India, and gained postdoctoral experience (2002–2007) in the School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul. He also served as Head of the Department of Biotechnology and as Dean of the School of Bio Sciences and Technology at Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India. His research interest includes algal biotechnology, plant functional genomics, plant and microbial metabolites, environmental biotechnology, etc. He has published many scientifc research and review articles in international peer-reviewed journals and refereed many high-impact journals. In addition, he suc- cessfully executed eight projects funded by DBT, DST, and CSIR as PI and co-PI. He is a fellow of the Royal Society of Biology, Biotech Research Society of India, Association of Biotechnology and Pharmacy, and National Academy of Biological Sciences. Dr. Ramachandran Srinivasan is Scientist at the Center for Ocean Research, Col. Dr. Jeppiaar Research Park, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai. He has been National Postdoctoral Fellow of the Science and Education Research Board (SERB). He obtained his doctorate from Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore. He did his postdoctoral research at the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi. His research interests include metabolic engineering of algae and photosynthetic organisms for stress tol- erance, metabolite production, and other high-value-added products. He is also an active team member of SERB- and BIRAC-funded projects. Dr. Shivendu Ranjan is currently working as Assistant Professor at the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IIT Kharagpur) and focusing to work on nano- medicine, nanotoxicology, and nanonutraceuticals. Dr. Ranjan is a bioengineer from VIT Vellore and passionate about nanobiotechnology. He is Life Fellow of many reputed scientifc societies, like (i) Indian Chemical Society, (ii) the Linnean Society of London, (iii) Indian Engineering Teachers Association, and (iv) Bose Science Society. He is also an associate editor of Environmental Chemistry Letters (Springer Journal of 9.02 Impact Factor). After graduating from VIT Vellore, Dr. Ranjan has served many organizations, like (i) the Indian Institute of Food Processing and Technology (MoFPI, Govt. of India); (ii) E-Spin Nanotech, SIIC, IIT Kanpur; (iii) University of Johannesburg; and (iv) Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre (DST, Govt. of Gujarat). Throughout his research journey, he has had 1 WIPO patent, 55 scientifc publications, 34 edited books, and 2 authored books. Dr. Nandita Dasgupta is currently a Maria-Zambrano fellow at the International Research Center in Critical Raw Materials for Advanced Industrial Technologies (ICCRAM), University of Burgos, Spain, and exploring towards sustainable ix