Biomembranes Part J: Membrane Biogenesis: Assembly and Targeting (General Methods, Eukaryotes)

974 Pages·1983·31.744 MB·English

by  Sidney Fleischer, Becca Fleischer (Eds.)

Methods in Enzymology
Volume 96
Biomembranes
Part J
Membrane Biogenesis: Assembly and Targeting
(General Methods, Eukaryotes)
EDITED BY
Sidney Fleischer
Becca Fleischer
DEPARTMENT OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE
Editorial Advisory Board
David Baltimore Walter Neupert
Giinter Blobel George Palade
Nam-Hai Chua David Sabatini
ACADEMIC PRESS
A Subsidiary of Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers
New York London
Paris San Diego San Francisco SBo Paulo Sydney Tokyo Toronto
Contributors to Volume 96
elcitrA srebmun era ni sesehtnerap gniwollof the seman of .srotubirtnoc
snoitailiffA listed era .tnerruc
JOHN S. ADDIS (51), Department of Anat- Facoltd di Medicina e Chirurgia, aiV
omy, University of Mississippi School of Pansini 5, 13108 Napoli, Italy
Medicine, Jackson, Mississippi 61293 WILLIAM M. BONNER (15), Laboratory of
MILTON ADESNIK (42), Department of Cell Molecular Pharmacology, National Can-
Biology, New York University School of cer Institute, National Institutes of
Medicine, New York, New York 61001 Health, Bethesda, Maryland 50202
DAVID J. ANDERSON (8, 29), Institute of WILLIAM A. BRAELL (20), Department of
Cancer Research, Columbia University Biochemistry, Stanford University School
College of Physicians and Surgeons, New of Medicine, Stanford, California 50349
York, New York 23001 JOSEF BRUNNER (31), Laboratorium fiir Bio-
LEIF C. ANDERSSON (22), Department of chemie, ETH-Zentrum, CH-8092 Zurich,
Pathology and Transplantation Labora- Switzerland
tory, University of Helsinki, 00290, Hel- ROBERT A. BURNS (65), Department of -eG
sinki ,71 Finland netics, University of Wisconsin, Madison,
MONIQUE ARPIN (9), Unitd Biologie des Wisconsin 60735
Membranes, Department Biologie Molec- B. BURR (18, 56), Department of Biology,
ulaire, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris -eC Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton,
dex ,51 France New York 37911
RUSSELL J. BARRNETT (51), Department of F. A. BURR (18, 56), Department of Biology,
Cell Biology, Yale University School of Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton,
Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut New York 37911
01560 DON W. CLEVELAND (16), Department of
VANN BENNETT (25), Department of Cell Physiological Chemistry, ehT Johns
Biology and Anatomy, ehT Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,
Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 50212
Baltimore, Maryland 50212 DAVID R. COLMAN (30), Department of Cell
G~NTER BLOBEL (3, 6, 8, 29, 47, 52, 53), Biology, New York University School of
Laboratory of Cell Biology, ehT Rockefel- Medicine, New York, New York 61001
rel University, New York, New York NYLORAC A. CONVERSE (19), Department of
12001 Pharmacy, University of Strathclyde,
IRVING BO1ME (61), Department of Pharma- Glasgow GI 1XW, Scotland
cology, Washington University School of RICHARD L. CROWELL (35), Department of
Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 01136 Microbiology and Immunology, Hahne-
MARCIA L. BOLOGNA (24), Department of mann University School of Medicine,
Pathology, Yale University School of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 20191
Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut GUSTAV DALLNER (43), Department of Pa-
01560 thology at Huddinge Hospital, Karo-
STEFANO BONATTI (40), Istituto di Bio- linska lnstitutet Medical School, 68141-S
chimica Cellulare e Molecolare, H Huddinge, Sweden
xi
xii CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 96
STELLA DE LEON (45), Banting and Best De- cer Research Center, D-6900 Heidelberg,
partment of Medical Research, .C H. Federal Republic of Germany
Best Institute, University of Toronto, -oT BERNARD K.-K. FUNG (50), Department of
ronto, Ontario M5G IL6, Canada Radiation Biology and Biophysics, Uni-
JOSEPH W. DEPIERRE (43), Department of versity of Rochester, Rochester, New
Biochemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, York 24641
University of Stockholm, S-10691 Stock- HEINZ FURTHMAYR (21), Department of
holm, Sweden Pathology, Yale University School of
Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
RANDALL L. DIMOND (65), Department of
01560
Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin,
Madison, Wisconsin 60735 SANCIA GAETANI (1, 9), Istituto Nazionale
della Nutrizione, Rome, Italy
BERNHARD DOBBERSTEIN (26, 54), Euro-
pean Molecular Biology Laboratory, CARL G. GAHMBERG (22), Department of
Biochemistry, University of Helsinki,
0096-D Heidelberg, Federal Republic of
,07100 Helsinki ,71 Finland
Germany
HENRIK GAROFF (39), European Molecular
JAN-ERIK EDSTROM (39), European Molecu-
Biology Laboratory, D-6900 Heidelberg,
lar Biology Laboratory, D-6900 Heidel-
Federal Republic of Germany
berg, Federal Republic of Germany
DAVID GOLDMAN (17), National Institute
ANN H. ERICKSON (3), Laboratory of Cell
on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Be-
Biology, ehT Rockefeller University, New
thesda, Maryland 50202
York, New York 12001
PAMELA GREEN (5), Department of Bio-
BRENT ESMON (64), Department of Anat- chemistry, State University of New York
omy, University of California, San Fran- at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York
cisco, California 02749 49711
DOUGLAS M. FAMBROUGH (27), Department G. GRIFFITHS (37), European Molecular -iB
of Embryology, Carnegie Institution of ology Laboratory, D-6900 Heidelberg,
Washington, Baltimore, Maryland 01212 Federal Republic of Germany
RICARDO A. FEEDMAN (1), Department of ALaERT HAID (13), Institut fiir Genetik und
Viral Oncology, The Rockefeller Univer- Mikrobiologie der Universitiit, Miinchen,
sity, New York, New York 12001 0008-D Miinchen ,91 Federal Republic of
EN~IL~IH FERACCI (32), Centre de Biochimie Germany
et de Biologie, Mol(culaire-CNRS, 20431 WALLACE B. HAIGH, JR. (23), Department
Marseille Cedex ,9 France of Protein Chemistry, Molecular Diag-
nostics, Inc., West Haven, Connecticut
SUSAN FERRO-NOVlCK (64), Department of
01560
Microbiology and Molecular Genetics,
GLEN HORTIN (61), Department of Pharma-
Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massa-
cology, Washington University School of
chusetts 51120
Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 01136
CHARLES FIELD (64), Department of Bio-
TIM HUNT (4), Department of Biochemistry,
chemistry, University of California,
University of Cambridge, Cambridge 2BC
Berkeley, California 02749
1QW, England
PAUL A. FISHER (47), Department of Phar- JAMES B. HURLEY (50), Biology Division,
macological Sciences, State University of California Institute of Technology, Pasa-
New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, dena, California 52119
New York 49711 MASAYORI INOUYE (5), Department of Bio-
WERNER W. FRANKE (48), Division of Mem- chemistry, State University of New York
brane Biology and Biochemistry, Institute at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York
of Cell and Tumor Biology, German Can- l 4971
CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 96 xiii
DRAHCIR J. JACKSON (4), Department of Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Ger-
Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, many
Cambridge CB2 IQW, England
DAVID L. KRAH (35), Department of Virol-
TREBOR C. JACKSON (62), Department ogy, The Rockefeller University, New
of Biochemistry, Dartmouth Medical York, New York 12001
School, Hanover, New Hampshire 03756
GERT HCIBIERK (30, 41, 42, 60), Department
OKKIM JOKINEN (22), Department of Bio- of Cell Biology, New York University
chemistry, University of Helsinki, 00170, School of Medicine, New York, New York
Helsinki ,71 Finland 61001
KEVIN B. NADROJ (65), Department of Ge- GROEG ENHORK (48), Division of Membrane
netics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of
Wisconsin 53706 Cell and Tumor Biology, German Cancer
LEEVI K,L~RIXINEN (36), Recombinant Research Center, D-6900 Heidelberg,
DNA Laboratory, University of Helsinki, Federal Republic of Germany
SF-00380, Helsinki 38, Finland LEAHCIM N. KRUPP (33), Department of
OLLE KAMPE (22), Department of Cell Re- Metabolic Diseases, Pfizer Inc., Central
search, University of Uppsala, Uppsala Research Division, Groton, Connecticut
S-75122, Sweden 04360
KIMMO K. KARHI (22), Department of Bio- C. KRUSE (55), Biochemie, Fachbereich
chemistry, University of Helsinki, 00170, Chemie der Philipps-Universitgit, D-3550
Helsinki ,71 Finland Marburg, Federal Republic of Germany
ORATIEK KATO (60), Department of Bio- SUNE KVlST (26), European Molecular Biol-
chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka ogy Laboratory, D-6900 Heidelberg, Fed-
812, Japan eral Republic of Germany
AKKRIS KEaANEN (36), Recombinant DNA NOTRUB J. LANDAU (35), Department of
Laboratory, University of Helsinki, Microbiology and Immunology, Hahne-
SF-00380 Helsinki 38, Finland mann University School of Medicine,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 20191
H. KINDL (55), Biochemie, Fachbereich
Chemie der Philipps-Universitgit, D-3550 M. DANIEL LANE (33), Department of Phys-
Marburg, Federal Republic of Germany iological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins
HANS-DIETER KLENK (34), Institut fiir University School of Medicine, Balti-
Virologie, Justus-Liebig- Universit~it, more, Maryland 50212
D-6300 Giessen, Federal Republic of PAUL I. LAZAROW (57), The Rockefeller
Germany University, New York, New York 12001
DAVID A. KNECHT (65), Department of Bi- HANS LEHRACH (39), European Molecular
ology, University of California at San Biology Laboratory, D-6900 Heidelberg,
Diego, La Julia, California 92037 Federal Republic of Germany
WILLIAM J. KNOWLES (24), Department of C. L. LEONARDi (12), Department of Anat-
Pathology, Yale University School of omy and Cell Biology, University of Mi-
Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut ami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
01560 10133
AIROTCIV P. KNUTSON (33), Department of EGROEG P. LIVI (65), Department of Bacte-
Physiological Chemistry, The Johns riology, University of Wisconsin, Madi-
Hopkins University School of Medicine, son, Wisconsin 53706
Baltimore, Maryland 50212 PAUL M. LIZARDI (2), Department of Cell
CLAUDIA KONDOR-KOCH (39), European Biology, The Rockefeller University, New
Molecular Biology Laboratory, D-6900 York, New York 12001
xiv CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 69
HARVEY F. LODISH (20), Department of Bi- ELIZABETH F. NEUFELD (58), Genetics and
ology, Massachusetts Institute of Tech- Biochemistry Branch, National Institute
nology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 93120 of Arthritis, Diabetes, Digestive and Kid-
ALDONS J. LUSIS (44), Departments of Med- ney Diseases, National Institutes of
icine and Microbiology, University of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 50202
California, Los Angeles, California 42009 PETER NOVICK (64), Department of Biology,
DAVID H. MACLENNAN (45), Banting and Massachusetts Institute of Technology,
Best Department of Medical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 93120
.C H. Best Institute, University of
GEORGE E. PALADE (xxix), Section of Cell
Toronto, Toronto, Ontario MSG 1L6,
Biology, Yale University School of Medi-
adanaC
cine, New Haven, Connecticut 01560
JOHN MAPOLES (35), Department of Micro-
RICHARD D. PALMITER (10), Department of
biology and Immunology, Hahnemann
Biochemistry, University of Washington,
University School of Medicine, Philadel-
Seattle, Washington 59189
phia, Pennsylvania 20191
DAVID S. PAPERMASTER (19, 38, 49), De-
EUGENE E. MARCANTONIO (41), Depart-
partment of Pathology, Yale University
ment of Cell Biology, New York Univer-
School of Medicine, New Haven, Con-
sity School of Medicine, New York, New
necticut 01560
York 61001
VINCENT T. MARCHESI (21), Department of PER A. PETERSON (22), Department of Cell
Research, University of Uppsala, Upp-
Pathology, Yale University School of
sala S-75122, Sweden
Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
01560 RICHARD L. PROIA (58), Genetics and Bio-
chemistry Branch, National Institute of
SUZANNE MAROLIX (32), Centre de Biochi-
Arthritis, Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney
mie et de Biologie, Moldculaire-CNRS,
Diseases, National Institutes of Health,
20431 Marseille Cedex ,9 France
Bethesda, Maryland 50202
JOSEPH E. MAZURKIEWICZ (51), Depart-
ment of Anatomy, Albany Medical CHRISTINA M. PUCHALSKI (58), Genetics
School, Albany, New York 80221 and Biochemistry Branch, National Insti-
tute of Arthritis, Diabetes, Digestive and
CARL R. MERRIL (17), Laboratory of Gen-
Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of
eral and Comparative Biochemistry, Na-
Health, Bethesda, Maryland 50202
tional Institute of Mental Health, Be-
thesda, Maryland 50202 JAKOB REISER (14), Institat fiir Molekular-
biologie ,1 Universitat Zurich, 8093 Zu-
DAVID I. MEYER (54), Cell Biology Pro-
rich, HOnggerberg, Switzerland
gram, European Molecular Biology Labo-
ratory, D-6900 Heidelberg, Federal Re- HEIMO RIEDEL (39), European Molecular
public of Germany Biology Laboratory, D-6900 Heidelberg,
Federal Republic of Germany
TAKASHI MORIMOTO (1, 9), Department of
Cell Biology, New York University Medi- APRIL R. ROBBINS (58), Genetics and Bio-
cal Center, New York, New York 61001 chemistry Branch, National Institute of
Arthritis, Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney
JON S. MORROW (23), Department of Pa-
Diseases, National Institutes of Health,
thology, Yale University School of Medi-
Bethesda, Maryland 50202
cine, New Haven, Connecticut 01560
RACHEL MYEROWITZ (58), Genetics and GABRIELE V. RONNETT (33), Department of
Biochemistry Branch, National Institute Physiological Chemistry, The Johns
of Arthritis, Diabetes, Digestive and Kid- Hopkins University School of Medicine,
ney Diseases, National Institutes of Baltimore, Maryland 50212
Health, Bethesda, Maryland 50202 MELVIN G. ROSENFELD (60), Department of
CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 96 XV
Cell Biology, New York University School K. SIMONS (37), European Molecular Biol-
of Medicine, New York, New York 61001 ogy Laboratory, D-6900 Heidelberg, Fed-
DRAHCIR L. ROTUNDO (28), Department of eral Republic of Germany
Embryology, Carnegie Institution of JULIA A. SMITH (1), Peter Bent Brigham
Washington, Baltimore, Maryland 21210 Hospital, Brookline, Massachusetts
64120
R. W. ROBIN (12), Department of Anatomy
and Cell Biology, University of Miami ALEMAP YELNATS (11), Department of Cell
School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 10133 Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medi-
cine, Bronx, New York 16401
ECNERALC A. RYAN (46), Institute of Bio-
logical Chemistry, Washington State Uni- EGROEG R. KRATS (14), Department of Bio-
versity, Pullman, Washington 0436-46199 chemistry, Stanford University School of
Medicine, Stanford, California 50349
DIVAD D. SABATINI (30, 41,42, 60), Depart-
ment of Cell Biology, New York Univer- LUBERT REYATS (50), Department of Struc-
tural Biology, Stanford University School
sity School of Medicine, New York, New
of Medicine, Stanford, California 50349
York 61001
1AHCEDROM SUISSA (13), Department of
G. GARY NAIGAHAS (58), Genetics and Bio-
Biochemistry, Biocenter, University of
chemistry Branch, National Institute of
Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
Arthritis, Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney
Diseases, National Institutes of Health, BEATE TIMM (39), European Molecular Bi-
Bethesda, Maryland 50202 ology Laboratory, D-6900 Heidelberg,
Federal Republic of Germany
OKKAAJ ETSARAS (36), Department of Virol-
ogy, University of Helsinki, SF-00290 K. T. USAYUKOT (37), Department of Biol-
ogy, University of California at San
Helsinki 29, Finland
Diego, La Jolla, California 39029
EGROEG SCHEELE (7), Laboratory of Cell
TERAGRAM L. VAN KEUREN (17), Labora-
and Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller
tory of General and Comparative Bio-
University, New York, New York 12001
chemistry, National Institute of Mental
YDNAR NAMKEHCS (64), Department of Bio- Health, Bethesda, Maryland 50202
chemistry, University of California,
OMSI VmTANEN (36), Department of Pa-
Berkeley, California 02749
thology, University of Helsinki, SF-00290
MILTON J. REGNISELHCS (63), Department Helsinki 29, Finland
of Microbiology and Immunology, Wash-
SqrAH REKCAW (31), Laboratorium far Bio-
ington University School of Medicine, St.
chemie, ETH-Zentrum, CH-8092 Zurich,
Louis, Missouri 01136
Switzerland
ARAnRAB G. SCHNEIDER (38), Department MARY SNOMMIS-REKLAW (46), Institute of
of Pathology, Yale University School of Biological Chemistry, Washington State
Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut University, Pullman, Washington -46199
01560 0436
PER O. SEGLEN (59), Department of Tissue PETER WALTER (6, 53), Department of Bio-
Culture, Norsk Hydro's Institute for Can- chemistry and Biophysics, University of
cer Research, The Norwegian Radium California School of Medicine, San Fran-
Hospital, Montebello, Oslo 3, Norway cisco, California 34149
OIGROIG SEMENZA (31), Laboratorium fiir G. NERRAW (37), European Molecular Biol-
Biochemie, ETH-Zentrum, CH-8092 Zu- ogy Laboratory, D-6900 Heidelberg, Fed-
rich, Switzerland eral Republic of Germany
Preface
Volumes 96 to 98, Parts J, K, and L of the Biomembranes series, focus
on methodology to study membrane biogenesis, assembly, targeting, and
recycling. This field is one of the very exciting and active areas of re-
search. Future volumes will deal with transport and other aspects of
membrane function.
We were fortunate to have the advice and good counsel of our Advi-
sory Board. Additional valuable input to this volume was obtained from
Drs. Vincent T. Marchesi, Harvey F. Lodish, and Keith Mostov. We
were gratified by the enthusiasm and cooperation of the participants in the
field whose contributions and suggestions have enriched and made possi-
ble these volumes. The friendly cooperation of the staff of Academic
Press is gratefully acknowledged.
YENDIS REHCSIELF
ACCEB REHCSIELF
iivx
METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY
EDITED BY
Sidney .P Colowick and Nathan O. Kaplan
VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY
SCHOOL OF MEDICINE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE AT SAN DIEGO
LA JOLLA, CALIFORNIA
I. Preparation and Assay of Enzymes
II. Preparation and Assay of Enzymes
III. Preparation and Assay of Substrates
IV. Special Techniques for the Enzymologist
.V Preparation and Assay of Enzymes
VI. Preparation and Assay of Enzymes )deunitnoC(
Preparation and Assay of Substrates
Special Techniques
VII. Cumulative Subject Index
xix
METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY
EDITORS-IN-CHIEF
Sidney .P Colowick Nathan .O Kaplan
EMULOV VIII. Complex Carbohydrates
Edited by ELIZABETH F. NEUFELD DNA ROTCIV GRUBSNIG
EMULOV IX. Carbohydrate Metabolism
Edited yb WILLIS A. DOOW
EMULOV X. Oxidation and Phosphorylation
Edited by DLANOR W. KOORBATSE DNA DRANYAM E. NAMLLUP
EMULOV XI. Enzyme Structure
Edited yb C. H. W. HIRS
EMULOV XII. Nucleic Acids (Parts A and B)
Edited yb ECNERWAL NAMSSORG DNA KIVIE EVADLOM
EMULOV XIII. Citric Acid Cycle
Edited yb J. M. NIETSNEWOL
EMULOV XIV. Lipids
Edited by J. M. NIETSNEWOL
VOLUME XV. Steroids and Terpenoids
Edited by DNOMYAR B. CLAYTON
VOLUME XVI. Fast Reactions
Edited yb KENNETH KUSTIN
VOLUME XVII. Metabolism of Amino Acids and Amines (Parts A and B)
Edited by TREBREH ROBAT DNA CELIA WHITE ROBAT
VOLUME XVIII. Vitamins and Coenzymes (Parts A, B, and C)
Edited yb DONALD B. MCCORMICK DNA LEMUEL D. WRIGHT
ixx
xxii SDOHTEM IN YGOLOMYZNE
VOLUME XIX. Proteolytic Enzymes
detidE by GERTRUDE E. PERLMANN DNA LASZLO LORAND
VOLUME XX. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis (Part C)
detidE by KIVIE MOLDAVE DNA LAWRENCE NAMSSORG
VOLUME XXI. Nucleic Acids (Part D)
detidE by LAWRENCE NAMSSORG DNA KIVIE EVADLOM
VOLUME XXII. Enzyme Purification and Related Techniques
Edited by WILLIAM B. YBOKAJ
VOLUME XXIII. Photosynthesis (Part A)
Edited by ANTHONY NAS PIETRO
VOLUME XXIV. Photosynthesis and Nitrogen Fixation (Part B)
Edited by ANTHONY NAS PIETRO
VOLUME XXV. Enzyme Structure (Part B)
detidE by C. H. W. H1RS DNA SERGE N. TIMASHEFF
VOLUME XXVI. Enzyme Structure (Part C)
Edited yb C. H. W. HIRS DNA SERGE N. TIMASHEFF
VOLUME XXVII. Enzyme Structure (Part D)
Edited yb C. H. W. HIRS DNA SERGE N. TIMASHEFF
VOLUME XXVIII. Complex Carbohydrates (Part B)
detidE by VICTOR GRUBSNIG
VOLUME XXIX. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis (Part E)
Edited by LAWRENCE GROSSMAN AND K1VIE MOLDAVE
VOLUME XXX. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis (Part F)
detidE by KIVIE MOLDAVE DNA LAWRENCE NAMSSORG
VOLUME XXXI. Biomembranes (Part A)
Edited by SIDNEY FLEISCHER DNA LESTER REKCAP
VOLUME XXXII. Biomembranes (Part B)
Edited by SIDNEY FLEISCHER DNA LESTER REKCAP