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Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems 328 Anna Hadamus Szczepan Piszczatowski Małgorzata Syczewska Michalina Błażkiewicz   Editors Biomechanics in Medicine, Sport and Biology Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems Volume 328 Series Editor Janusz Kacprzyk, Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland Advisory Editors Fernando Gomide, Department of Computer Engineering and Automation—DCA, SchoolofElectricalandComputerEngineering—FEEC,UniversityofCampinas— UNICAMP, São Paulo, Brazil Okyay Kaynak, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey Derong Liu, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA; Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China Witold Pedrycz, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada; Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland Marios M. Polycarpou, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, KIOSResearchCenterforIntelligentSystemsandNetworks,UniversityofCyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus Imre J. Rudas, Óbuda University, Budapest, Hungary Jun Wang, Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong The series “Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems” publishes the latest developmentsinNetworksandSystems—quickly,informallyandwithhighquality. Originalresearchreportedin proceedings andpost-proceedings represents thecore ofLNNS. VolumespublishedinLNNSembraceallaspectsandsubfieldsof,aswellasnew challenges in, Networks and Systems. The series contains proceedings and edited volumes in systems and networks, spanning the areas of Cyber-Physical Systems, Autonomous Systems, Sensor Networks, Control Systems, Energy Systems, Automotive Systems, Biological Systems, Vehicular Networking and Connected Vehicles, Aerospace Systems, Automation, Manufacturing, Smart Grids, Nonlinear Systems, Power Systems, Robotics,SocialSystems,EconomicSystemsandother.Ofparticularvaluetoboth the contributors and the readership are the short publication timeframe and the world-wide distribution and exposure which enable both a wide and rapid dissemination of research output. Theseriescoversthetheory,applications,andperspectivesonthestateoftheart andfuturedevelopmentsrelevanttosystemsandnetworks,decisionmaking,control, complex processes and related areas, as embedded in the fields of interdisciplinary andappliedsciences,engineering,computerscience,physics,economics,social,and lifesciences,aswellastheparadigmsandmethodologiesbehindthem. Indexed by SCOPUS, INSPEC, WTI Frankfurt eG, zbMATH, SCImago. AllbookspublishedintheseriesaresubmittedforconsiderationinWebofScience. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/15179 Anna Hadamus Szczepan Piszczatowski (cid:129) (cid:129) ł Ma gorzata Syczewska (cid:129) ł ż Michalina B a kiewicz Editors Biomechanics in Medicine, Sport and Biology 123 Editors Anna Hadamus Szczepan Piszczatowski Department ofRehabilitation, Faculty Faculty of MechanicalEngineering, of Medical Sciences Department ofBiocybernetics Medical University of Warsaw andBiomedical Engineering Warsaw,Poland Bialystok University of Technology Białystok,Poland MałgorzataSyczewska Department ofRehabilitation Michalina Błażkiewicz TheChildren’s MemorialHealth Institute Department ofRehabilitiation Warsaw,Poland JózefPiłsudski University of Physical Education Warsaw,Poland ISSN 2367-3370 ISSN 2367-3389 (electronic) Lecture Notesin Networks andSystems ISBN978-3-030-86296-1 ISBN978-3-030-86297-8 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86297-8 ©TheEditor(s)(ifapplicable)andTheAuthor(s),underexclusivelicense toSpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG2022 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsaresolelyandexclusivelylicensedbythePublisher,whether thewholeorpartofthematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseof illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmissionorinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilar ordissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfrom therelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained hereinorforanyerrorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.Thepublisherremainsneutralwithregard tojurisdictionalclaimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations. ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland Preface This book contains 14 chapters which are full papers of selected presentations from the International Conference of Polish Society of Biomechanics (BIOMECHANICS 2020). This conference takes place in 2021, as the global pandemic outburst of SARS-COV-2 in December 2019 made the (planned) organization of the conference in September 2020 impossible. One year later, in September 2021, the traditional meeting in conference halls, face-to-face with invitedlecturers,colleaguesfromvariousinstitutionsandcountries,representatives of commercial partners, is still impossible. Therefore, the meeting is in an online format. Of course, this is not a perfect solution, but the best we can offer. Long breaksinmeetingsandconferencesarenotbeneficialforthescientificcommunity, as the interchange of ideas, discussions, and critical comments push the research workforward.Thatwasthereasonbehindthedecisiontoorganizethemeetingthis year — now in the new virtual world. The restrictions related to SARS-COV-2 have influenced and continue to affect dailylifebutalsotheresearch.Inmanyinstitutions,experimentalresearchhadtobe suspended due to the closure of laboratories. It was not possible to invite subjects and patients to participate in research projects. In many universities, distance learning took teachers/researchers longer time than traditional learning. The researcher therefore hadlesstime for scientificdevelopment.Insome places,abig problemisthelackoffundingduetopandemictime.Despitealltheseproblems,the organizing committee of BIOMECHANICS 2020 received many interesting abstracts from various fields of biomechanics: sports biomechanics, clinical movement analysis, biomaterials, bioengineering, and many others. This book offers14full-lengthpapersfromdifferentpartsofmodernbiomechanics,whichwe hopecanbeofinterestnotonlyforthescientistsbutalsoforthestudents.Wehope that the book will inspire you for further research. v vi Preface We would like to thank all those who worked hard to create this book and the BIOMECHANICS 2020 conference: the organizers, reviewers, sponsors, and above all, the authors who contributed to the creation of this book. On the behalf of the Board of the Polish Society of Biomechanics Małgorzata Syczewska Chairperson of the Polish Society of Biomechanics Acknowledgments TheInternationalConferenceofthePolishSocietyofBiomechanics“Biomechanics 2020” - a task funded under contract 756/P-DUN/2019 by the Polish Ministry of Education and Science allocated for science dissemination activities. vii Contents Biomechanical Aspects of in Vitro Fertilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Liliya Batyuk, Anatoly Khalin, and Natalia Kizilova Mechanical Investigation for the Use of Polylactic Acid in Total Hip Arthroplasty Using FEM Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Emre Celik, Furkan Alemdar, Murat Bati, Muhammed Furkan Dasdemir, Onur Alp Buyukbayraktar, K. N. Chethan, Mustafa Kara, and Şenay Mihçin Numerical Determination of the Degree of Mechanical Anisotropy of the Femoral Neck Trabecular Bone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Artur Cichański and Krzysztof Nowicki Optimization of Hip Implant Designs Based on Its Mechanical Behaviour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Hasan Göktaş, Eda Subaşi, Metin Uzkut, Mustafa Kara, Hamit Biçici, Hadi Shirazi, K. N. Chethan, and Şenay Mihçin Numerical Analysis of Scoliosis Brace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Slawomir Grycuk and Piotr Mrozek Small Unsecured Objects Transported in a Vehicle and Their Impact on Human Head Injury– Blunt Injury Criterion Approach. . . . . . . . . . 55 Jaroslav Hruby, Brad Parker Wham, Zdenek Krobot, and Marek Semela Using Spherical Contact Pairs to Model the Contact Areas in the Joints of the Wrist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Paweł Ikoniak and Adam Ciszkiewicz 3D Bioreactors for Cell Culture: Fluid Dynamics Aspects . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Natalia Kizilova and Jacek Rokicki (Deceased) Assessing the Feasibility of Using Spherical Contact Pairs to Model the Contact Regions in the Joints of the Index Finger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Karol Kluza and Adam Ciszkiewicz ix x Contents Is Optimal Velocity Constant During Running?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 Ryszard Maroński Characteristics of Nerve Roots Mechanical Properties Exposed to Uniaxial Stretching Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Monika Palmerska, Agnieszka Mackiewicz, Tomasz Klekiel, Agnieszka Noszczyk-Nowak, and Romuald Będziński The Influence of Polyurethane Double-J Stent of Various Diameters on Urological Encrustation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 Kamila Pasik Standardisation Procedure of Infra-red Imaging in Biomechanics. . . . . 145 Bartłomiej Zagrodny Can Tattoo Influence a Thermal Image? A Case Report . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 Bartłomiej Zagrodny Author Index.. .... .... .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 159

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