Biomanipulation Tool for Water Management: Proceedings of an International Conference held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 8–11 August, 1989 PDF
Preview Biomanipulation Tool for Water Management: Proceedings of an International Conference held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 8–11 August, 1989
Biomanipulation Tool for Water Management Developments in Hydrobiology 61 Series editor H. J. Dumont Biomanipulation Tool for Water Management Proceedings of an International Conference held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 8-11 August, 1989 Edited by R. D. Gulati, E. H. R. R. Lammens, M.-L. Meijer & E. van Donk Reprinted from Hydrobiologia, vols 200/201 (1990) Springer-Science+Susiness Media, SV. Library of Congress Cataloglng-In-Publlcatlon Data Biomanipulation tool for water management: proceedings of an international conference held in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. 8-11 August, 1989 / edited by R.D. Gulati ... [et alo]. p. cm. -- (Developments in hydrobiology; 61) ISBN 978-90-481-4074-9 ISBN 978-94-017-0924-8 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-017-0924-8 1. Algae--Biological control--Congresses. 2. Food chains (ECology)--congresses. 1. Gulati, R. D. II. Series. Td475.B57 1990 628.1'12--dc20 90-41496 ISBN 978-90-481-4074-9 Printed on acid-free paper AII Rights Reserved © 1990 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1990 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1990 No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopy ing, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner. v Contents Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IX PART ONE: BIOMANIPULATION: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE Biomanipulation: retrospective and future development by M. Gophen .............................................................. . Biomanipulation: the next phase - making it stable by 1. Shapiro. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 PART TWO: ZOOPLANKTON-PHYTOPLANKTON INTERACTIONS Are blue-green algae a suitable food for zooplankton? An overview by R. de Bernardi & G. Giussani ............................................... 29 Effectiveness of phytoplankton control by large-bodied and small-bodied zooplankton by P. Dawidowicz ............................................................ 43 Analysis of phytoplankton-zooplankton relationships in an oligotrophic lake under natural and manipulated conditions by P. Carrillo, L. Cruz-Pizarro & P. Sanchez-Castillo .............................. 49 Biomanipulation by introduction of herbivorous zooplankton. A helpful shock for eutrophic lakes? by 1. Theiss, K. Zielinski & H. Lang ............................................ 59 The zooplankton-phytoplankton interface in lakes of contrasting trophic status: an experimental companson by 1.1. Elser, H. 1. Carney & C. R. Goldman ..................................... 69 Why do cladocerans fail to control algal blooms? by Z. M. Gilwicz ............................................................. 83 Structural and grazing responses ofz ooplankton community to biomanipulation of some Dutch water bodies by R. D. Gulati .............................................................. , 99 PART THREE: ENCLOSURE STUDIES Biomanipulation and food-web dynamics - the importance of seasonal stability by B. A. Faafeng, D. O. Hessen, A. Brabrand & 1. P. Nilssen ....................... 119 Impact of whitefish on an enclosure ecosystem in a shallow eutrophic lake: selective feeding offish and predation effects on the zooplankton communities by T. Hanazato, T. Iwakuma & H. Hayashi ...................................... 129 Impact of whitefish on an enclosure ecosystem in a shallow eutrophic lake: changes in nutrient concentrations, phytoplankton and zoobenthos by T. Iwakuma, H. Hayashi, I. Yasuda, T. Hanazato & K. Takada .................. 141 A fading recovery: the role of roach (Rutilus rutilus L.) in maintaining high phytoplankton productivity and biomass in Lake Vesijarvi, southern Finland by 1. Horppila & T. Kairesalo .................................................. 153 VI Bottom-up effects of bream (Abramis brama L.) in Lake Balaton by I. Tatrai, L. G. T6th, L. Ponyi, J. Zlinskzky & V. Istv':movics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 167 Applicability of planktonic biomanipulation: for managing eutrophication in the subtropics by T. L. Crisman & J. R. Beaver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 177 PART FOUR: WHOLE LAKE STUDIES Conditions for effective biomanipulation; conclusions derived from whole-lake experiments in Europe by J. Benndorf ............................................................... 187 Fish manipulation as a lake restoration tool in shallow, eutrophic temperate lakes 1: cross-analysis of three Danish case-studies by E. Jeppesen, M. S0ndergaard, E. Mortensen, P. Kristensen, B. Riemann, H. J. Jensen, J. P. Muller, O. Sortkja:r, J. P. Jensen, K. Christoffersen, S. Bosselmann & E. Dall ..... 205 Fish manipulation as a lake restoration tool in shallow, eutrophic, temperate lakes 2: threshold levels, long-term stability and conclusions by E. Jeppesen, J. P. Jensen, P. Kristensen, M. S0ndergaard, E. Mortensen, O. Sortkja:r & K. Olrik ..................................................................... 219 Phytoplankton biomass reduction after planktivorous fish reduction in a shallow, eutrophic lake: a combined effect of reduced internal P-loading and increased zooplankton grazing by M. S0ndergaard, E. Jeppesen, E. Mortensen, E. Dall, P. Kristensen & O. Sortkja:r .. 229 Ecological consequences of a manual reduction of roach and bream in a eutrophic, temperate lake by B. Riemann, K. Christoffersen, H. J. Jensen, J. P. Muller, C. Lindegaard & S. Bosselmann 241 Predictability and possible mechanisms of plankton response to reduction of planktivorous fish by A. Lyche, B. A. Faaleng & A. Brabrand ....................................... 251 Oligotrophication as a result of planktivorous fish removal with rotenone in the small, eutrophic, Lake Mosvatn, Norway by S. Sanni & S. B. Wa:rvagen ................................................. 263 Whole-lake food-web manipulation as a means to study community interactions in a small ecosystem by E. van Donk, M. P. Grimm, R. D. Gulati & J. P. G. Klein Breteler ... . . . . . . . . . . . .. 275 First attempt to apply whole-lake food-web manipulation on a large scale in The Netherlands by E. van Donk, M. P. Grimm, R. D. Gulati, P. G. M. Heuts, W. A. de Kloet & E. van Liere 291 Is reduction of the benthivorous fish an important cause of high transparency following biomanipu lation in shallow lakes? by M.-L. Meijer, M. W. de Haan, A. W. Breukelaar & H. Buiteveld .................. 303 Early responses of plankton and turbidity to biomanipulation in a shallow prairie lake by M. A. Hanson & M. G. Butler ............................................... 317 Effects of planktivorous fish mass mortality on the plankton community of Lake Mendota, Wisconsin: implications for biomanipulation by M. J. Vanni, C. Luecke, J. F. Kitchell & J. J. Magnuson ......................... 329 Effects of planktivore abundance on chlorophyll-a and Secchi depth by D. J. McQueen, M. R. S. Johannes, N. R. Lafontaine, A. S. Young, E. Longbotham & D. R. S. Lean ................................................................ 337 Factors related to variance of residuals in chlorophyll-total phosphorus regressions in lakes and reservoirs of Argentina by R. Quir6s ................................................................. 343 VB Three years of experience in biomanipulating a small eutrophic lake: Lago di Candia (Northern Italy) by G. Giussani, R. de Bernardi & T. Ruffoni ..................................... 357 PART FIVE: MACROPHYTES Engineering and biological approaches to the restoration from eutrophication of shallow lakes in which aquatic plant communities are important components by B. Moss .................................................................. 367 The potential of artificial refugia for maintaining a community oflarge-bodied cladocera against fish predation in a shallow eutrophic lake by K. Irvine, B. Moss & J. Stansfield. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 379 Ecosystem development in different types of littoral enclosures by J. E. Vermaat, M. J. M. Hootsmans & G. M. van Dijk .......................... 391 Can macrophytes be useful in biomanipulation of lakes? The Lake Zwemlust example by T. Ozimek, R. D. Gulati & E. van Donk ...................................... 399 Biomanipulation of Lago di Candia (Northern Italy): a three-year experience of aquatic macrophyte management by G. Galanti, P. Guilizzoni & V. Libera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 409 Impact of mechanical deweeding on Dal lake ecosystem D. P. Zutshi & A. Ticku ....................................................... 419 Proposals for macrophyte restoration in eutrophic coastal lagoons by F. A. Comin, M. Menendez & J. R. Lucena .................................... 427 PART SIX: MACROFAUNA Zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha): a new perspective for water quality management by H. H. Reeders & A. Bij de Vaate ............................................. 437 Shoals of Dreissena polymorpha as bio-processor of seston by R. Wisniewski ............................................................. 451 Evaluation of Chaoborus predation on natural populations of herbivorous zooplankton in a eutrophic lake by K. Christoffersen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 459 Hydrophyte-macroinvertebrate interactions in Zwemlust, a lake undergoing biomanipulation by J. Kornij6w, R. D. Gulati & E. van Donk ..................................... 467 PART SEVEN: MODELS Multiplicity of stable states in freshwater systems by M. Scheffer ............................................................... 475 Quantifying the food webs of Lake Bleiswijkse Zoom and Lake Zwemlust by A. H. Bakema, W. J. Rip, M. W. de Haan & F. J. Los .......................... 487 Production, consumption and prey availability of northern pike (Esox lucius), pikeperch (Stizostedion lucioperca) and European catfish (Silurus glanis): a bioenergetics approach by A. J. P. Raat .............................................................. 497 Growth and food consumption of vend ace (Coregonus albula (L.)) in Lake Pyhajarvi, SW Finland. a bioenergetics modeling analysis Vlll by H. Helminen, J. Sarvala & A. Hirvonen ....................................... 511 PART EIGHT: MANAGEMENT Biomanipulation additional to nutrient control for restoration of shallow lakes in The Netherlands by S. H. Hosper & E. Jagtman ................................................. 523 Biomanipulation development in Norway by A. Langeland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 535 A review: limnological management and biomanipulation in the London reservoirs by A. Duncan ................................................................ 541 The potential for biomanipulation using fry communities in a lowland reservoir: concordance between water quality and optimal recruitment by M. Zalewski, B. Brewinska-Zaras, P. Frankiewicz & S. Kalinowski ............... 549 The restoration of shallow eutrophic lakes, and the role of northern pike, aquatic vegetation and nutrient concentration by M. P. Grimm & J.J. G. M. Backx ............................................ 557 Effects of planktivorous fishes on the plankton community in a eutrophic lake by T. Miura . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 567 Experimental study of the impacts of planktivorous fishes on plankton community and eutrophication of a tropical Brazilian reservoir by F. L. R. M. Starling & A. J. A. Rocha. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 581 Some positive and negative effects of stocking whitefish on the ecosystem redevelopment of Hjarbrek Fjord, Denmark by K. Rasmussen ............................................................. 593 Zooplankton impacts on chlorophyll and transparency in Onondaga Lake, New York, USA by M. T. Auer, M. L. Storey, S. W. Effler, N. A. Auer & P. Sze ..................... 603 PART NINE: SYNTHESIS The first biomanipulation conference: a synthesis by E. H. R. R. Lammens, R. D. Gulati, M.-L. Meijer & E. van Donk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 619 Hydrobiologia 200/201: ix-x, 1990. R.D. Gulati. E. H. R. R. Lammens. M.-L. Meijer & E. van Donk (eds). Biomanipulation - Toolfor Water Management ix Preface The Conference on 'Biomanipulation, Tool for Water Management' held in Amsterdam (8-11 August, 1989) was undoubtedly the first international get-together on biomanipulation studies. The aim of the Conference was to stimulate and enhance discussions among aquatic ecologists engaged in studies on trophic interactions and those working in the field of water and fish management. The choice of the Conference venue could not have been more befitting than the city of Amsterdam and that too in the midst of its legendary Artis Zoo. The 'watery' city with its thousand canals is a constant reminder of how Man has manipulated (or biomanipulated?) its harsh surroundings and its environment, to make life more livable, and the Zoo of the need to protect and preserve Mother nature. About 175 participants, representing 28 countries attended the Conference, nearly 100 coming from the Nordic countries and The Netherlands, the hosting country. Among the 40 lectures and 35 poster presentations there were 9 keynote lectures. Most of the pioneers in the field of biomanipulation (Jan Hrbacek and Joseph Shapiro, to name but two) were present. There was a great variety of topics presented, exhibited and discussed and opined for future work. We as editors felt obliged to do the almost impossible task of attempting a synthesis of the Conference contributions (Lammens et al., 1990). In a nutshell, the studies presented dealt with trophic interactions: in lakes, enclosures and in laboratory systems. Several of these related to the management aspects, attempts to model biomanipulation were few and far between. The major bottleneck in the studies dealing with phytoplankton and zooplankton was apparently the controversy around the edibility, or otherwise, of cyanobacteria, the so-called blue-green algae, particularly in relation to the size structure of zooplankton, especially daphnids. Most of the lake experiments for which data were presented involved 50-100 % reduction of fish, mainly planktivores, or alternatively heavy stocking with piscivores. The shallow lakes in particular appear to respond dramatically to biomanipulation; the response was generally manifest as improvement in light climate accompanying increased grazing pressure of zooplankton, and consequent luxuriant growth of macrophytes. The stabilizing effects of refugia for zooplankton and fish were stressed, though only a few studies actually attempted this approach and results were equivocal. The Conference deliberations reaffirmed - rather than resolved - the controversy around the complexity and nature of top-down effects in relation to trophic state, especially those concerning the role of fish and zooplankton in the development of phytoplankton succession. As editors of this Proceedings Volume our task would have been considerably more difficult but for the excellent cooperation of most of the 63 contributors (to mention the first authors) and about 75 external referees. Thanks are especially due to the referees (we wish we could name some of them, but the space would not allow us). I am proud to say that seldom did we let the several deadlines beat us. The credit, however, goes to the referees who were either punctual (needing no reminders) or responded promptly to the reminders. Dr S. Parma (Director, Limnological Institute, Nieuwersluis/Oosterzee) and Dr J. de Jong (Director, Institute oflnland Water Management and Waste Water Treatment, Lelystad) are thankfully acknow ledged for their initiative in organizing the Conference. The members of the Conference Organizing Committee chaired by Dr S. Parma, with Ir S. H. Hosper (Institute oflnland Water Management and Waste Water Treatment, Lelystad) and all three of my fellow editors are also to be thanked for their very satisfactory organisational work. We thank Mr R. Nagel who designed the Conference folder as well as the cover pages of the Abstracts and the Proceedings Volume. The Convention Bureau Van Namen and Westerlaken (Nijmegen) made the task of the Organizing Committee much lighter through x their professional and cooperative approach as well as readiness to resolve both big and small, but sometimes very specific, problems. We are very grateful to Mrs C. C. C. Janssen-Kroon for taking excellent care of the typing work and the editorial correspondence, as well as the several reminders she sent to those contributors who were late or 'lazy' in returning their manuscripts on time. The Conference was financially supported by the Ministry of Transport and Public Works, the Ministry of Housing, Physical Planning and Environment, the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, the Province of Utrecht, the Union of Water Boards and the Organization for the Improvement of Inland Fisheries. We hope, with optimism, that this Proceedings Volume will help pave the way for future work as well as inspire and stimulate many an aquatic ecologist and water manager to choose biomanipulation as a complementary measure for lake restoration wherever feasible. A similar follow-up Conference in the near future, somewhere in Nordic Europe (?), or perhaps in another suitable geographical area, should not be asking too much! Nieuwersluis, 1 June 1990 Ramesh D. Gulati Eddy Lammens Marie-Louise Meijer Ellen van Donk Reference Lammens, E. H. R. R., R. D. Gulati, M.-L. Meijer & E. van Donk, 1990. The First Biomanipulation Conference: a synthesis. In: Gulati, R. D., E. H. R. R. Lammens, M.-L. Meijer & E. van Donk (eds), Biomanipulation - Tool for Water Management. First International Conference, 8-11 August, 1989, Amsterdam. Developments in Hydrobiology 61, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. Reprinted from Hydrobiologia 200/201: 619-627.
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