Biology Today - June 2022

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Animal Kingdom Cancer

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This article covers high yield
facts of the given topic.

Class XI

Animal Kingdom

e Animal kingdom is the kingdom of multicellular
eukaryotic animals lacking a cell-wall and is one of
the five kingdom scheme of classification (by Whittaker).

e Animals make up million of species and are among the
most beautiful things. They are very diverse in form too.

© We observe different animals with different structures and
forms around us.

e Classification is the ideal means of studying the diversity
of animals.

e The classification also helps in assigning a systematic
position to newly described species.

BASIS OF ANIMAL CLASSIFICATION

e Inspite of differences in structure and form of different
animals, there are some fundamental features common to
various individuals in relation to the arrangement of cells,
body symmetry, nature of coelom, patterns of digestive,
circulatory or reproductive systems.

e These features are used as the basis of animal classification.
Some of them are discussed below:

Levels of Organisation

e Although the members of animalia are multicellular, all of
them do not exhibit the same pattern of organisation of cells.

e Four levels of organisation are found in animals.

Organ system level
Organs have associated to form functional ~ — Aschelminthes

systems, each system concerned with a to Chordates
specific physiological function. /
A

Organ level
Tissues are grouped together to form

an organ, each specialised to perform a Platyhelminthes
particular function.
A

7 Coelenterata and

Ctenophora
A

Tissue level
Cells performing same function are
arranged as tissues.

Cellular level

Cells are arranged as loose cell
aggregates. /

Flow chart : Levels of Body Organisation

Porifera

Body Plan
e Though diverse in shape and size, animals have body that
fit into one of the three basic plans:

MTBIOLOGY TODAY | JUNE ‘22