Biology Today - July 2022

80 Pages·2022·53.5 MB·English

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CONTENTS

July 2022

9 Bio Digest
Morphology of Flowering Plants

17 Zoom in Bio

Human Endocrine System

26 Monthly Test Drive
Structural Organisation in Animals &
Cell : The Unit of Life

40 Concept Map
Cellular Respiration

30 Bio Digest

Principles of Inheritance and Variation

42 Check Your Vitals

Genetics and Evolution
51 CBSE Solved Paper Term-II 2021-22

57 Monthly Test Drive
Evolution &

Human Health and Diseases

61 NEET
Practice Paper 2022

68 CUET (UG)
Practice Paper 2022

75 Word Grid

ite PAPERS 2022

“NEET | CUET (UG)

= ig ay

MONTHLY
51 “ TEST DRIVE

SOLVED PAPER 2021-22

‘CHECK YOUR VITALS

7
ZOOM in BIO

Human Endocrine System

TERM-II

CLASS XII

CONCEPT

Cellular Respiration

BIO
Digest

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MTBIOLOGY TODAY | JULY ‘22
This article covers high yield
facts of the given topic.

Morphology of Flowering Plants

Plant morphology (Gk. morphe-form, fogos-study) is the
branch of botany that deals with the study of forms and
features of different plant organs like roots, stems, leaves,
flowers, fruits, seeds, etc.

A flowering plant has a long, cylindrical, unbranched or
branched axis that bears a number of lateral appendages.
Plant axis is differentiated into an underground root
system and an above ground shoot system.
Flowering plants contain vegetative parts (/.e., root, stem
and leaves) and reproductive parts, (i.e., flowers, fruits
and seeds).

Plants can be classified on the basis of height and nature
of stem (herbs, shrubs, and trees), life span (annuals,
biennials and perennials) and frequency of flowering or
fruiting (monocarpic and polycarpic).

and internodes. They are positively geotropic, positively
hydrotropic and negatively phototropic.

e A typical root consists of five major zones :

(i) Root cap - It covers the root apex and protects the
young growing cells of the apical region.

(ii) Meristematic zone - It is present just above the
root cap and made up of compact cells having dense
protoplasm with large nucleus.

(iii) Region of cell elongation - It is situated above the
meristematic zone. Here the cells elongate rapidly and
increase the length of the root.

(iv) Root hair zone or zone of differentiation -
Here different types of primary tissues differentiate.
Unicellular and ephemeral root hairs are formed from
the epidermal cells in this zone.

(v) Zone of mature cells- Constitutes the major portion

of root, where cells do not undergo any further change.
e There are three types of root systems occurring in plants: tap
root system, fibrous root system and adventitious
root system. A comparative account between the three

is summarised in the given table.

MORPHOLOGY OF ROOT

e The root is typically a non-green, underground, descending
portion of the plant axis which gives rise to similar types of
endogenous lateral branches and does not possess nodes

-_n Comparison between tap root system, fibrous root system and adventitious root system

Tap root system Fibrous root system Adventitious root system

(i)

It is formed from the radicle of the It is formed in place of tap root system It may develop from any part of the plant
embryo. at the base of main stem. other than radicle.

MTBIOLOGY TODAY | JULY ‘22 9 ]