Biological Cycles PDF
Preview Biological Cycles
"Biological Cycles' A Symposium in Honor of SIR HANS KREBS' 80th Birthday C HC O—S—CAo + H.O Acatyl-CAo Ξ. . rW\ / ='C,OH O "·" rΓ —^^H O-ÇL-O.OZOH CIO OH |CH. COOH CΓO OH C¥— COOH a trei COOH c/t-AconlctJ -- ΗΟ, COOH I HC—COHO HO—C—H COOH IV, IÜΘT «—COHO r° _ ^ COOH CO—S—CAo / | 9° ( Oxaloiucccl nl GDP + P, Succlnyl-C/ oA/ COOH \^ f—| I —| / /o-IC«totlucU riI ^ I Lecturers W. Hastings H. Krebs H. Mahler L. Reed K. Bloch H.-G. Hers D. Lane A. Meister W. Rutter G. Cahill B. Horecker H. Lardy S. Ochoa E. Stadtman B. Chance M.E. Jones A. Lehninger B. O'Malley R. Veech P. Cohen H. Kornberg L. Leloir L. Orci H. Wittmann C. Cori D. Koshland F. Lipmann E. Racker H. Wood P. Greengard E. Krebs J. Lowenstein P. Rändle March 17, 18 - D1.600 and March 19 - D1.502 9:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. The University of Texas Health Science Center at Dallas sponsored by The Department of Biochemistry, Southwestern Medical School The Virginia Lazenby CXHara Endowment CURRENT TOPICS IN Cellular Regulation Volume 18-1981 Biological Cycles Editors Ronald W. Estabrook · Paul Srere Department of Biochemistry The University of Texas Health Science Center at Dallas Dallas, Texas ACADEMIC PRESS A Subsidiary of Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers New York London Toronto Sydney San Francisco COPYRIGHT © 1981, BY ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. NO PART OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRODUCED OR TRANSMITTED IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS, ELECTRONIC OR MECHANICAL, INCLUDING PHOTOCOPY, RECORDING, OR ANY INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM, WITHOUT PERMISSION IN WRITING FROM THE PUBLISHER. ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. Ill Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10003 United Kingdom Edition published by ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. (LONDON) LTD. 24/28 Oval Road, London NW1 7DX LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARD NUMBER: 72-84153 ISBN 0-12-152818-9 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 81 82 83 84 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 List of Contributors and Discussants Numbers in parentheses indicate the pages on which the authors' contributions begin. Those listed without numbers participated in discussions. T. T. AOKI (389), Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and The Joslin Diabetes Foundation, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts JUAN J. ARAGON (131), Graduate Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02254 T. H. BENZINGER (475), Center for Absolute Physical Quantities, Na tional Bureau of Standards, Washington, D.C. 20234 KONRAD BLOCH (289), Conant Laboratories, Harvard University, Cam bridge, Massachusetts 02138 R. BRIMACOMBE (487), Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Genetik, D-1000 Berlin 33, Federal Republic of Germany RONALD A. BUTOW, Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75235 G. F. CAHILL, JR. (389), Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and the Joslin Diabetes Foundation, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts BRITTON CHANCE (343), Johnson Research Foundation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 P. B. CHOCK (79), Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Mary land 20205 RICHARD I. CHRISTOPHERSON (59), Department of Biochemistry and Nu trition, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514 PHILIP P. COHEN (1), Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 CARL F. CORI (377), Enzyme Research Laboratory, Massachusetts Gen eral Hospital, and Department of Biological Chemistry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114 CESAR DE HARO (421), Roche Institute of Molecular Biology, Nutley, New Jersey 07110 J. DIJK (4Sl),Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Genetik, D-1000 Ber lin 33, Federal Republic of Germany J. C. DUNLAP (519), The Biological Laboratories, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 FRANKLIN H. EPSTEIN, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, and Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02215 ix X LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS AND DISCUSSANTS MARIA ERECINSKA, Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 RONALD W. ESTABROOK, Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75235 M. E. FELVER (151), Laboratory of Metabolism, NIAAA, Rockville, Maryland 20852 DAVID B. FINKELSTEIN, Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75235 MICHAEL N. GOODMAN (131), Graduate Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02254 ANTONIO GOTTO, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, and The Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030 PAUL GREENGARD, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06510 HAIM GROSFELD (421), Roche Institute of Molecular Biology, Nutley, New Jersey 07710 SAMUEL GURIN, Department of Biological Chemistry, Whitney Marine Laboratory, University of Florida, St. Augustine, Florida 32084 C. HAMMER (475), Sperry Univac, Washington, D.C. 20007 PHILIP HANDLER, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C. 20418 D. K. HANSON (455), Department of Chemistry and the Molecular, Cel lular and Developmental Biology Program, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405 J. W. HASTINGS (519), The Biological Laboratories, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 HENRI-GÉRY HERS (199), Laboratoire de Chimie Physiologique, Univer sité de Louvain and International Institute of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium MARY JO HINTZ, Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75235 FREDERIC HOLMES, Section of the History of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510 B. L. HORECKER (181), Roche Institute of Molecular Biology, Nutley, New Jersey 07110 M.-T. HUANG (151), Laboratory of Metabolism, NIAAA, Rockville, Maryland 20852 Louis HUE (199), Laboratoire de Chimie Physiologique, Université de Louvain and International Institute of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium P. K. JAYNES {Abb), Department of Chemistry and the Molecular, Cellu lar and Developmental Biology Program, Indiana University, LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS AND DISCUSSANTS XI Bloomington, Indiana 47405 JOHN H. JOHNSON, Department of Biochemistry, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 W. A. JOHNSON (551), Caymen Turtle Farm Ltd., Grand Caymen, British West Indies ROBERT JOHNSTON, Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588 MARY ELLEN JONES (59), Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514 HANS L. KORNBERG (313), Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom D. E. KOSHLAND, JR. (505), Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 L. O. KRAMPITZ, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106 EDWIN G. KREBS (401), Howard Hughes Medical Institute Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195 HANS KREBS (555), Metabolic Research Laboratory, Nuffield Depart ment of Clinical Medicine, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford 0X2 6HE, England M. R. LAKSHMANAN (151), Laboratory of Metabolism, NIAAA, Rockville, Maryland 20852 M. DANIEL LANE (221), Department of Physiological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Mary land 21205 HENRY A. LARDY (243), Institute for Enzyme Research and Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 ALEXANDER LEAF, Department of Clinical Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mas sachusetts 02214 ALBERT L. LEHNINGER (329), Department of Physiological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 Luis F. LELOIR (211), Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquim, Buenos Aires 28, Argentina FRITZ LIPMANN (301), The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021 JOHN M. LOWENSTEIN (131), Graduate Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02254 Xll LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS AND DISCUSSANTS J. P. MCDONOUGH (455), Department of Chemistry and the Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Program, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405 JOHN S. MACGREGOR (181), Roche Institute of Molecular Biology, Nut- ley, New Jersey 07110 H. R. MAHLER {Abb), Department of Chemistry and the Molecular, Cel lular and Developmental Biology Program, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405 ALTON MEISTER (21), Department of Biochemistry, Cornell University Medical College, New York, New York 10021 E. MELLONI (181), Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy CAROLE MENDELSON, Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75235 MARGARET LAUE MERRYFIELD (243), Institute for Enzyme Research and Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 W. O. MILLIGAN, The Robert A. Welch Foundation, Houston, Texas 77002 ROBERT A. MOONEY (221), Department of Physiological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Mary land 21205 JEFFREY L. NORDSTROM, Department of Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030 SEVERO OCHOA (421), Roche Institute of Molecular Biology, Nutley, New Jersey 07110 ANITA OLSON, Department of Biochemistry, Louisiana State University Medical Center, Shreveport, Louisiana 71130 BERT W. O'MALLEY (437), Department of Cell Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030 L. ORCI (531), Institute of Histology and Embryology, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland S. PONTREMOLI (181), Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy EFRAIM RACKER (361), Section of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Bi ology Division of Biological Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 LUISA RAUM AN, Department of Biochemistry, University of Southern California, School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033 PHILIP J. RÄNDLE (107), Department of Clinical Biochemistry, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford 0X3 9DU, England LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS AND DISCUSSANTS Xlll LESTER J. REED (95), Clayton Foundation Biochemical Institute and Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Aus tin, Texas 78712 BALTAZAR REYNAFARJE (329), Department of Physiological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 S. G. RHEE (79), Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20205 GUILFORD G. RUDOLPH, Louisiana State University Medical Center, Shreveport, Louisiana 71130 WILLIAM J. RUTTER, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Uni versity of California, San Francisco, California 94143 JOHN SIEKIERKA (421), Roche Institute of Molecular Biology, Nutley, New Jersey 07110 V. N. SINGH (181), Roche Institute of Molecular Biology, Nutley, New Jersey 07110 R. J. SMITH (389), Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and The Joslin Diabetes Foundation, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts PAUL SRERE, Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75235 E. R. STADTMAN (79), Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20205 JEFFRY B. STOCK (505), Department of Biochemistry, University of Cali fornia, Berkeley, California 94720 W. R. TAYLOR (519), The Biological Laboratories, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 KEITH TORNHEIM (131), Graduate Department of Biochemistry, Bran- deis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02254 THOMAS W. TRAUT (59), Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514 MING-JER TSAI (437), Department of Cell Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030 EMILE VAN SCHAFTINGEN (199), Laboratoire de Chimie Physiologique, Université de Louvain and International Institute of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium RICHARD L. VEECH (151), Laboratory of Metabolism, NIAAA, Rockville, Maryland 20852 XIV LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS AND DISCUSSANTS HANS WEIL-MALHERBE, 6213 East Halbert Road, Bethesda, Maryland 20034 WILLIAM J. WHELAN, Department of Biochemistry, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33101 H.-G. WITTMANN (487), Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Genetik, D-1000 Berlin 33, Federal Republic of Germany S. WOLF (151), Totts Gap Institute, Bangor, Pennsylvania SAVIO L. C. WOO (4SI), Department of Cell Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030 HARLAND G. WOOD (255), Department of Biochemistry, School of Medi cine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106 RAINER ZAHLTEN, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75235 Preface In any science great insights are a rare event, and certainly the perception of the importance of cyclical events in biological reactions was both a great and momentous occurrence. Sir Hans Krebs knew that he had made such a discovery, and this volume attests to both the pervasive importance and to the adaptability of his concepts to every aspect of biomédical research. This volume started as a simple tribute to Sir Hans in his eightieth anniversary year but grew to have a life and importance of its own that no one could anticipate. On one level we had gathered a critical mass of many scientists who were responsible for the foundations of modern biochemistry—energy metabolism, metabolic pathways, enzymology, regulatory mechanisms—and for us who grew up in that era it was awesome. More importantly, all of these scientists have continued bio chemical research and are still contributing important work at the frontiers of modern biomédical research. In addition, we included a preview into the areas of major research which we believe will domi nate the biochemical sciences of tomorrow—events of molecular biol ogy, cellular communication, and the merging of cell structure to bio chemical function. The balance of the classic with the new results in a unique blend of perspectives from which the frontiers of science expand based on past accomplishments. For those who attended the meeting, this was a rare opportunity to meet first-hand the "giants" of biochemistry. We hope that the printing of the proceedings will give to other members of the biomédical community a small feeling of the excitement and joy that for three days infected the members of the symposium. A recognition of the tireless and dedicated work of those who labored to assure the success of the meeting and this book is only a small repayment for their efforts. Mrs. Marie Rotondi, Mrs. Marty Parkey, Ms. Alice Ervine, Mrs. Jerry Pittman, and Mrs. Anna Vinson all con tributed many hours to the care and well-being of our guests and their wives. We thank Dr. Sprague and the Administration of The Univer sity of Texas Health Science Center for the use of the elegant facilities at Dallas for the scientific sessions and the social functions. The finan cial support obtained from The O'Hara Research Fund of The South western Medical Foundation was a necessary requirement for this meeting. We continue to be forever in debt to Mrs. "Pep" O'Hara, and we greatly appreciate her faith and support of our efforts. To all our colleagues—particularly to those who joined us by participating in this meeting—we are sincerely indebted for their contributions to the suc cess of a "unique" meeting and this volume. Ronald W. Estabrook Paul Srere
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