Biological and environmental control of disease vectors

218 Pages·2013·2.783 MB·English

by  M M Cameron, L M Lorenz

Biological and Environmental Control of Disease Vectors
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Biological and Environmental Control
of Disease Vectors
Edited by
M.M. Cameron and L.M. Lorenz
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
iii
CABI is a trading name of CAB International
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be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronically, mechanically, by
photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the
copyright owners.
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library, London,
UK.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Biological and environmental control of disease vectors / edited by M.M.
Cameron & L.M. Lorenz.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-84593-986-1 (alk. paper)
I. Cameron, M. M. (Mary M.) II. Lorenz, L. M. (Lena M.)
[DNLM: 1. Insect Vectors. 2. Insect Control--methods. 3. Pest Control,
Biological--methods. 4. Tropical Diseases. QX 650]

363.7’8--dc23
2012046420
ISBN: 978 1 84593 986 1
Commissioning editor: Rachel Cutts
Editorial assistant: Alexandra Lainsbury
Production editor: Tracy Head
Typeset by Columns Design XML Ltd, Reading, UK.
Printed and bound in the UK by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CR0 4YY.
Contents
Contributors vii
Dedication ix
1 Introduction 1
Lena M. Lorenz and Mary M. Cameron
2 Control with Arthropods 10
Annabel F.V. Howard
3 Use of Larvivorous Fish in Biological and Environmental Control of
Disease Vectors 25
Goutam Chandra, Anupam Ghosh, Indranil Bhattacharjee and Susanta K. Ghosh
4 The Use of Plants in Vector Control 42
Lena M. Lorenz, Marta F. Maia and Sarah J. Moore
5 Control of Disease Vectors using Fungi 67
Jennifer C. Stevenson, A.F. Harris and B.G.J. Knols
6 Vector Control using Semiochemicals 95
James G. Logan, John A. Pickett and Mary M. Cameron
7 House Screening 117
Matthew J. Kirby
8 Sanitation and Vector Control 144
Jeroen H.J. Ensink, Flemming Konradsen and Sandy Cairncross
9 Water Management for Disease Vector Control 162
Flemming Konradsen, Wim van der Hoek and Jeroen H.J. Ensink
10 Integrated Vector Management 175
Mary M. Cameron, Melissa Bell and Annabel F.V. Howard
11 Evidence Required for Adoption of New Vector Control Methods in Public
Health 190
Jo Lines
Index 201
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Contributors
Melissa Bell, Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine,
Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
Indranil Bhattacharjee, Department of Zoology, Mosquito and Microbiology Research Units, The
University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan 713104, West Bengal, India
Sandy Cairncross, Environmental Health Group, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine,
Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
Mary M. Cameron, Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine,
Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
Goutam Chandra, Department of Zoology, Mosquito and Microbiology Research Units, The
University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan 713104, West Bengal, India
Jeroen H.J. Ensink, Environmental Health Group, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine,
Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
Susanta K. Ghosh, National Institute of Malaria Research (ICMR), Devanahalli, Bangalore,
562110, India
Anupam Gosh, Bankura Christian College, Bankura 722101, West Bengal, India
Angela F. Harris, The Mosquito Research & Control Unit, Cayman Islands Government, 99 Red
Gate Road, PO Box 486, Grand Cayman KY1-1106
Annabel F.V. Howard, Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene & Tropical
Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
Matthew J. Kirby, Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine,
Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK and Vector Control Cluster, Malaria Consortium,
Development House, 56–64 Leonard Street, London EC2A 4LT, UK
Bart G.J. Knols, In2Care BV, Costerweg 5, 6702 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
Flemming Konradsen, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology,
University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1014 Copenhagen, Denmark
Jo Lines, Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel
Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
James G. Logan, Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine,
Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
Lena M. Lorenz, Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine,
Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
Marta F. Maia, Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine,
Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK and Biomedical and Environmental Group, Ifakara
Health Institute, PO Box 74, Bagamoyo, Tanzania
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viii Contributors
Sarah J. Moore, Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine,
Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK and Biomedical and Environmental Group, Ifakara
Health Institute, PO Box 74, Bagamoyo, Tanzania
John A. Pickett, Biological Chemistry and Crop Protection Department, Rothamsted Research,
Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK
Jennifer C. Stevenson, Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene & Tropical
Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
Wim van der Hoek, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University
of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1014 Copenhagen, Denmark and Epidemiology and
Surveillance Unit, Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and
the Environment, PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, the Netherlands
Dedication
The authors would like to dedicate this book to three world-leading medical entomologists, formerly
employed at The London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, who taught and inspired generations
of young scientists to embark on careers in public health and the control of vector-borne diseases.
Tragically, all three died prematurely, and within a period of less than 2 years of each other, but their
legacy lives on through the network of alumni that have benefi ted through their teaching.
Professor Chris Curtis started his career in vector control by studying genetic manipulation of
tsetse fl ies, but devoted most of his working life to develop low-cost and appropriate methods of
mosquito control to reduce transmission of malaria and lymphatic fi lariasis. An example of his work,
relating specifi cally to the environmental focus of the current volume, is the use of expanded
polystyrene beads to control Culex mosquitoes breeding in pit latrines and soakage pits of Tanzania.
Chris will be remembered fondly by all students and colleagues who were fortunate enough to receive
his wisdom and kindness.
Professor Clive Davies will be most remembered for his rigorous research aimed to control
leishmaniasis by reducing sandfl y vectors in South America, the Middle East and the Indian
subcontinent. His group achieved signifi cant control of infantile leishmaniasis in Iran by fi tting
deltamethrin-impregnated collars to canine reservoir hosts. Clive’s other research interests included
Chagas disease and dengue fever. Clive earned respect as a teacher and supervisor of students, and
was always there to advise colleagues by improving their study designs.
Dr Nigel Hill spent his entire working life at the School. Throughout those 30 years, Nigel was
exceptionally generous and was always available to support students and colleagues. Nigel conducted
much of his fi eld work in China, Laos and South America on the use of topical and space repellents
to provide protection against malaria where mainstay insecticidal tools failed. He was particularly
interested in the development of natural repellents for indigenous people who are unable to use any
other forms of protection against malaria. With this view in mind, Nigel proposed the present volume
focusing on biological and environmental tools for the control of disease vectors and it was he who
approached most of the authors herein for their contributions.
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