Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms (23-220 AD)

1348 Pages·2007·6.6 MB·English

A BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY OF LATER HAN
TO THE THREE KINGDOMS (23-220 AD)
HANDBOOK OF ORIENTAL STUDIES
HANDBUCH DER ORIENTALISTIK
SECTION FOUR
CHINA
edited by
S.F. TEISER. M. KERN
VOLUME NINETEEN
A BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY OF LATER HAN
TO THE THREE KINGDOMS (23-220 AD)
A BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY OF
LATER HAN TO THE THREE
KINGDOMS (23-220 AD)
BY
RAFE DE CRESPIGNY
LEIDEN € BOSTON
2007
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fection and respect toDedicated with af
HANS BIELENSTEIN
a great scholar and an inspiring teacher
vi
vii
ABLE OF CONTENTST
Introduction ix
Short History of the Later Han Dynasty A xvi
Chronology of Later Han xxviii
wo Han Dynasties TThe Emperors of the able 1: T xxxii
The Imperial Inheritance of Later Han able 2: T xxxiv
omen of Later Han WBiographies of Men and 1
ables TGenealogical 1861
u of Nanyang Yable 3: Summary of the Lineage of Deng T 1861
oufufeng Yable 4: Summary of the Dou Family of T 1871
Anding able 5: Summary of the Liang Family of T 1881
oufufeng Yable 6: Summary of the Ma Family of T 1891
oufufeng Yable 7: Summary of the Geng Family of T 1901
ang Family of Hongnong Yable 8: Summary of the T 1911
uan Family of Runan Yable 9: Summary of the T 1921
Provinces and Commandery Units of Later Han 1931
Administrative Structure of Later Han An Outline of the 1216
itles and English Language Renderings TChinese 1236
Bibliographies
Early Sources 1242
orks WModern 1247
orks of Later Han WLiterary and Scholarly 1255
General Index 1267
List of Styles 1287
omen WNotable Experiences of 1302
Maps
AD The Northern Steppe in 90 Map 1: 1308
estern Regions during the Later Han Period WThe Map 2: 1309
The Later Han Empire Map 3: AD c. 140 1310
viii
INTRODUCTION ix
INTRODUCTION
for possible be might it that suggested University Cambridge of Loewe Michael colleague and friend my 1994 In
engaged already was he one the to companion a as serve to Han Later of dictionary biographical a prepare to me
on for the . Former His Han compilation dynastywas published by in 2000 as ABiographical Dictionary of the
Qin, Former Han and Xin Periods (221 BC-AD 24); the present work is intended to serve in tandem.
WORKTHE THE SCOPE OF
Following Dr Loewe’s plan, it was agreed that the dictionary should attempt to provide an account of every
person recorded as having lived under Later Han , orin the case of non-Chinese people, in relationship to its
The dynastic period government. is dated from the proclamation of , Liu Xuan !˚B¯, the Gengshi 65)(cid:12) Emperor
in 23, and concludes with the abdication of Liu Xie !˚"(cid:149), Emperor Xian AD.B…-^, in 220
There are some problems of demarcation at the beginning and the end of this nominal period. For the (cid:147)rst,
we adopted the rule of thumb that if a person was identi(cid:147)ed as a subject ang of Mang, Whis/her details would
included be would they , dynastyHan restored the with dealt or served they If volume. earlier the by provided be
i Yang Was men such general in but overlaps, some course of are There here. and Mang ang Wserved who B(cid:204)_(cid:210),
died with him in 23, has a biography only in Dr Loewe’s compilation, while Guo Qin ‘.:~, who surrendered to
, appears also here.fed by the Gengshi EmperorHan and was enfeof
The last years of the dynasty present greater problems. Liu Xie held title as emperor from the middle of
189 until his abdication in favour of Cao Pi 6:(cid:29)V and the ei empire j(cid:144) of 1 on WDecember 1220, but he never
controlled the government, and his reign saw thirty years of division and con(cid:148)ict between contending warlords.
Much of Sanguo zhi (cid:29)J&L/(cid:24), "The Record of the Three Kingdoms," deals with events which took place before
the end of Han, and Cao Cao 6:4(cid:14), one of the great (cid:147)gures of that romantic age and the founder of the state of
ei, remained a subject of the dynasty until his death.W
It is in these circumstances that the reference to the Three Kingdoms appears in the title of this work, and
I have sought to deal with every person recorded as having made his or her mark on history up to 220. Many
they but , yearthat before born been have to assumed be can or known are AD century third the of (cid:147)gures leading
f date.are not normally given an entry unless they played a role in events up to that cut-of
It may be observed that the number of people dealt with is more than that for Dr Loewe’s volume. His
contained six thousand entries; this has more than eight thousand. Material for the history of Qin, Han and Xin
gely is contained larwithin the standard histories Shi ji #3YY and Han shu >c69, but Later Han produced a great
number of ancillary writings, such as family and local histories, many of which have survived in whole or in
part, while the vast majority of stele from the Han period were composed AD. and carved in the second century
.I discuss this matter further in the section on sources below
THE ENTRIES OF TFORMA
Where possible, information at the beginning of each entry is provided as follows:
Surname )(cid:20) name personal + xing #N ming, style *(cid:152) brackets], [in zi brackets), (in death and birth of years
followed by commandery unit of registration;
Sample: oufufeng.YBan Gu C.&; [Mengjian *(cid:160)’F] (32-92);
Where a personal name is not known, but the style is, the style is presented in brackets;
Sample: Gongsun [Boda] ›*‹(cid:30)p_z.
Where a surname is unknown or uncertain, or where both the personal name and the style are unknown, this is
indicated;
Samples: Guo ‘. [personal name unknown]