Biogeography and taxonomy of the reef cave dwelling coralline demosponge Astrosclera willeyana throughout the Indo-Pacific

1 Pages·1999·0.27 MB·English

by  G Worheide

650 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM
BIOGEOGRAPHY AND TAXONOMY OF THE currently in the process of species separation. Each
REEF CAVE DWELLING CORALLINE GSSM (orsubspecies) is likelytohave itsownhistory
DEMOSPONGE ASTROSCLERA WILLEYANA withrespecttoradiation, isolationandevolution,anda
THROUGHOUT THE INDO-PACIFIC model of the biogeographic and phylogenetic
of the Queensland Museum 44: 650. 1999:- relationships of the GSSM's are presented. See
Astrosclera willeyana Lister. 1900, is a pyriform-half Worheide (1998) for details. Porifera,
spherical, predominantly bright orange coralline biogeography, taxonomy, Astrosclera, ribosomal
demosponge. The habitat ofAstrosclera is generally DNA, spiculemorphology, phytogeny.
restricted tocryptic and light reducedenvironmentsof Literaturecited.
sthoemeItnidmoe-sPaaclisfoicin,thfeoudnimd-lmiagihntlayreaisnorfeceafvecaevnetsr,ancbeust AYUNG. A. llJS2. Redescription ofAstrosclera
and overhangs. Its spicule skeleton consists of willeyana Lister 1 900 (Ccratoporellida,
megasclcres only, whereas microscleres arc absent. Demospongiae), a new record from the Great
The basic spicule type is a sub-verticillate to BarrierReef. MemoirsoftheNatural Museumof
verticillate acanthostyles, of the Agelas type, with a Victoria43: 99-103.
mean length of XOum. The spicule morphology and VACELET, J. 1967. Quelques eponges pharetronides
size is highly variable, depending on the geographic et "silico-calcaires" des grottes sous-marines
origins of specimens. Variability in spicule obscures. Recueil de Travauxde Station Marine
morphology ofAstrosclera from different geographic d'Endoume58(42): 121-132.
localities was previously reported b\ several authors VACELET.J 1977. Eponges pharetronides actuelles
(Vacelet, 1967, 1977, 1981; Ayling,I982; Worhcide et sclerosponges de Polynesie Francaise, de
etthear!.e,m1i99g7h)t,baendmoVarceeltehtan(1o9n8e1 )sdpeicsiceusssoefdAtshteroisdcelaetrhaa.t MMaudsaeguamscNaartieotnadled'lHaisRteouinrieonNa.turBeullllee,tinPardius
spiculireicmaolrtpehstoilnoggoyftrheeprqeuseesnttisogne-owghreapthhiecrvvaarriiaattiioonnoirn VACE3L(4E44T),(ZoJ.olo1g9i8e,1.307E)p:o3n4g5-e3s68.hypercalcifee
separate species - was undertaken in this study, ("Pharetronides". "Sclerosponges") des cavites
examiningthespiculemorphologyofspecimens from des recifs cralliens de Nouvelle-Caledonie.
26 geographically distinct populations. Corroborative Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire
sethvpeiedcreiinbcmoeesnofmsraolmfarDorNemsAtrfiwicvatiesonaglfesrooaggurmnaedpnethritlceaankgletnlhyafnordalityswstieisnntcoytf WORHNBEaOtIuHrDMeEl.l,e,F.G.P.a,JriOsGA(AC4UH,ATI)RM2SE(K3T)I,:,31PM.3,M-3.R5.1L.ITTHNIEERL,, VJ..,,
populations ofAstrosclera, MICHAELIS. W. & MASSAUI.T, M. 1997.
Analysis of spicule morphology showed that Basalskeletal formation,roleandpreservationof
variation was not random but specifically linked to intracrystalline organic matrices, and isotopic
geographical origin ofthe specimen. Six groups were record in the coralline sponge Astrosclera
recognized with similar spicule morphology {group willeyanaLister 1900. Boletin Real Sociedad de
with similarspicule morphology: GSSM's), based on EspanoladeHistoriaNatural.SeccionGeologica
91(1-41:355-374,
aspbiucnudlaenclee.ngTthh,essepGinSaStiMo'n.scpormopxriimsaelptohpiuclkaetniionngs,fraonmd WORHEIDE, G. I99S. The reef cave dwelling
adjacent localities. These spicule data, therefore, ultraconservalive coralline demosponge
support the concept that there may be more than one Astrosclera willeyana Lister from the
species ofAstrosclera, whereas analysis ofribosomal Indo-Pacific-Micromorphology, Ultrastructure,
DNA did not lend support to this hypothesis. The Biocalcification, Taxonomy, Biogeography,
RFLP-methodofrDNA-analysiswassensitiveenough Phytogeny, Isotope Record. Facies 38: 1-88.
to detect species-level differences in sponges, as Gen Worheide* (email: [email protected]) & Joachim
shown bycomparativestudieson otherdemosponges, Reitner, Institut und Museum fiir Geologic und
but until further divergent characters are found, the
Paldontologie (IMGP), University of Goettingen,
GdiSfSfeMr'enstCsieSeSmM'tsoarreepstriellsernetgagredoedgraaspohniecsspuecbisepse.ciTehse, G^oPlrdesscehnmtldtasdtdrr,es3s.:D-M3a7r0i7n7e GBoieotltoigngyenL,abGoerramtaonryy.,
whose genetic differences, expressed by different
QueenslandMuseum, P.O.Box3300,SouthBrisbane, Old,
(non-random) spicule morphology, were not detected
by rDNA-analysis. It is supposed that Astrosclera is 4101, Australia: 1June 1998