biogas production from agricultural wastes and feasibility study to enrich biogas manures yerasi ...

105 Pages·2016·2.77 MB·English

BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM
AGRICULTURAL WASTES AND
FEASIBILITY STUDY TO ENRICH
BIOGAS MANURES

YERASI KAVYA

B.Sc. (Ag.)

MASTER OF SCIENCE IN AGRICULTURE
(AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOLOGY)

2014
BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM
AGRICULTURAL WASTES AND FEASIBILITY
STUDY TO ENRICH BIOGAS MANURES
BY
YERASI KAVYA

B.Sc. (Ag.)
THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE ACHARYA N. G. RANGA
AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF
THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF

MASTER OF SCIENCE IN AGRICULTURE
(AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOLOGY)

CHAIRPERSON: DR. A. VIJAYA GOPAL

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOLOGY AND
BIOENERGY
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
RAJENDRANAGAR HYDERABAD- 500 030
ACHARYA N. G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY

2014
CERTIFICATE

Ms. Y.KAVYA has satisfactorily prosecuted the course of research and that the thesis entitled
“BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM AGRICULTURAL WASTES AND FEASIBILITY
STUDY TO ENRICH BIOGAS MANURE” submitted is the result of original research work
and is of sufficiently high standard to warrant its presentation to the examination. I also certify
that the thesis or part thereof has not been previously submitted by her for a degree of any
University.

Date: (Dr. A. VIJAYA GOPAL)
Place: Hyderabad Chairman of the Advisory Committee
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the thesis entitled “BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM
AGRICULTURAL WASTES AND FEASIBILITY STUDY TO ENRICH
BIOGAS MANURE” submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
degree of “MASTER OF SCIENCE IN AGRICUTLURE” of the Acharya N. G.
Ranga Agricultural University, Hyderabad, is a record of the bonafide research work
carried out by Ms. Y. KAVYA under our guidance and supervision. The subject of the
thesis has been approved by the Student's Advisory Committee.
No part of the thesis has been submitted for any other degree or diploma. The
published part has been fully acknowledged. All assistance and help received during the
course of the investigation have been duly acknowledged by the author of the thesis.

CHAIRMAN
ADVISORY COMMITTEE
Thesis approved by the Student’s Advisory Committee
Chairman: (Dr. A. VIJAYA GOPAL)
Assistant Professor
Agricultural Microbiology and Bioenergy,
College of Agriculture, ANGRAU,
Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030

Member: (Dr. R. SUBHASH REDDY)
Professor and University Head
Agricultural Microbiology and Bioenergy,
College of Agriculture, ANGRAU,
Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030

Member: (Dr. M. SREEDHAR)
Senior Scientist
Quality Control Laboratory
ANGRAU,
Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030

Date of final viva-voce:
DECLARATION

I, Y.KAVYA, hereby declare that the thesis entitled, “BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM
AGRICULTURAL WASTES AND FEASIBILITY STUDY TO ENRICH BIOGAS
MANURES” submitted to the Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University for the degree
of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN AGRICULTURE in the major field of Agricultural
Microbiology, is the result of original research work done by me. I also declare that no
material contained in the thesis or any part thereof has not been published earlier in any
manner.

Place: Hyderabad (Y. KAVYA)
Date I.D.No. - RAM/12-87
LIST OF CONTENTS

Chapter No. Title Page No.
I INTRODUCTION
II REVIEW OF LITERATURE
III MATERIAL AND METHODS
IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
V SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
LITERATURE CITED
APPENDICES
LIST OF TABLES

Table Page
Title
No. No.
3.1 Details of the treatments
4.1 The chemical composition of different substrates used in 6 treatments
4.2
Biogas production from combination of different substrates
Total solids (%) at different stages of biogas production
4.3

Total volatile solids (%) at different stages of biogas production
4.4

Volatile fatty acids at different stages of biogas production.
4.5

pH at different stages of biogas production
4.6

4.7 Nitrogen content at different stages of biogas production
4.8 Phosphorous content at different stages of biogas production
4.9 Potassium content at different stages of biogas production
4.10 Organic carbon% at different stages of biogas production
4.11 Biological Oxygen Demand at different stages of biogas production
4.12 Chemical Oxygen Demand at different stages of biogas production
4.13 Electrical conductivity at different stages of biogas production
4.14 Composition of biogas obtained from different treatments
Population of beneficial bacteria present in the biogas manures
4.15
before enrichment with beneficial microorganisms.
4.16 Microbial population in the broth
4.17 Microbial population in the broth
Population of Rhizobium present in the unsterilized biogas manures
4.18
after the enrichment.
Population of Pseudomonas present in the unsterilized biogas manures
4.19
after the enrichment.
Population of Azotobacter present in the unsterilized biogas manures
4.20
after the enrichment.
Population of Azospirillum present in the unsterilized biogas manures
4.21
after the enrichment.
Population of Rhizobium present in the sterilized biogas manures after
4.22
the enrichment.
Population of Pseudomonas present in the sterilized biogas manures
4.23
after the enrichment.
Population of Azotobacter present in the sterilized biogas manures
4.24
after the enrichment.
Population of Azospirillum present in the sterilized biogas manures
4.25
after the enrichment.
Population of Rhizobium present in the unsterilized biogas manures after
4.26
the enrichment with consortia of beneficial microorganisms.
Population of Pseudomonas present in the unsterilized biogas manures
4.27
after the enrichment with consortia of beneficial microorganisms.
Population of Azotobacter present in the unsterilized biogas manures
4.28
after the enrichment with consortia of beneficial microorganisms.
Population of Azospirillum present in the unsterilized biogas manures
4.29
after the enrichment with consortia of beneficial microorganisms.
Population of Rhizobium present in the unsterilized biogas manures
4.30
after the enrichment with consortia of beneficial microorganisms.
Population of Pseudomonas present in the unsterilized biogas manures
4.31
after the enrichment with consortia of beneficial microorganisms.
Population of Azotobacter present in the unsterilized biogas manures
4.32
after the enrichment with consortia of beneficial microorganisms.
Population of Azospirillum present in the unsterilized biogas manures
4.33
after the enrichment with consortia of beneficial microorganisms.
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Page
Illustration
Title
No.
No.

4.1
Biogas production from different combination of substrates

4.2
Total solids (%) at different stages of biogas production
4.3
Total volatile solids (%) at different stages of biogas production

4.4
Volatile fatty acids at different stages of biogas production

4.5
pH at different stages of biogas production
4.6 Nitrogen content at different stages of biogas production

4.7
Phosphorus content at different stages of biogas production

4.8
Potassium content at different stages of biogas production

4.9
Organic carbon (%) at different stages of biogas production

4.10
BOD at different stages of biogas production

4.11
COD at different stages of biogas production

4.12
E C at different stages of biogas production
Population of beneficial bacteria present in the biogas manures
4.13
before enrichment

Population of Rhizobium present in the unsterilized biogas manures
4.14
after the enrichment

Population of Pseudomonas present in the unsterilized biogas
4.15
manures after the enrichment.

Population of Azotobacter present in the unsterilized biogas manures
4.16
after the enrichment.

Population of Azospirillum present in the unsterilized biogas
4.17
manures after the enrichment.
Population of Rhizobium present in the sterilized biogas manures
4.18
after the enrichment.
Population of Pseudomonas present in the sterilized biogas manures
4.19
after the enrichment.
Population of Azotobacter present in the sterilized biogas manures
4.20
after the enrichment.
Population of Azospirillum present in the sterilized biogas manures
4.21
after the enrichment.

Population of Rhizobium present in the unsterilized biogas manures
4.22
after the enrichment with consortia of beneficial microorganisms
Population of Pseudomonas present in the unsterilized biogas
4.23 manures after the enrichment with consortia of beneficial
microorganisms.
Population of Azotobacter present in the unsterilized biogas manures
4.24
after the enrichment with consortia of beneficial microorganisms
Population of Azospirillum present in the unsterilized biogas
4.25 manures after the enrichment with consortia of beneficial
microorganisms

Population of Rhizobium present in the sterilized biogas manures
4.26
after the enrichment with consortia of beneficial microorganisms
Population of Pseudomonas present in the sterilized biogas manures
4.27
after the enrichment with consortia of beneficial microorganisms.

Population of Azotobacter present in the sterilized biogas manures
4.28
after the enrichment with consortia of beneficial microorganisms.

Population of Azospirillum present in the sterilized biogas manures
4.29
after the enrichment with consortia of beneficial microorganisms.