Biodiversity and Human Livelihoods in Protected Areas: Case Studies from the Malay Archipelago

495 Pages·2007·6.63 MB·English

by  Navjot S. Sodhi

Biodiversity and Human Livelihoods in Protected
Areas: Case Studies from the Malay Archipelago
Protectedareashaveemergedasmajorarenasofdisputeconcerningboth
indigenouspeopleandenvironmentalprotection.IntheMalayArchipelago,
whichcontains2ofthe34biodiversityhotspotsidentifiedglobally,rampant
commercialexploitationisjeopardizingspeciesandlivelihoods.Whileprotected
areasremaintheonlyhopefortheimperilledbiotaoftheMalayArchipelago,
thisprotectionrequiresconsiderationofthesustenanceneedsandeconomic
aspirationsofthelocalpeople.Puttingforwardtheviewsofallthestakeholders
ofprotectedareas–conservationpractitionersandplanners,localcommunity
members,NGOactivists,governmentadministrators,biologists,lawyers,
policyandmanagementanalystsandanthropologists–thisbookfillsaunique
nicheintheareaofbiodiversityconservation,andisahighlyvaluableand
originalreferencebookforgraduatestudents,scientistsandmanagers,aswellas
governmentofficialsandtransnationalNGOs.
Navjot S.Sodhi iscurrentlyanAssociateProfessorattheNationalUniversity
of Singapore. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Saskatchewan, and
has been studying the effects of rainforest loss and degradation on Southeast
Asian fauna for the past 11 years. He is a former Bullard Fellow at Harvard,
and has conducted research funded by many organizations, including the
National Geographic Society.
Greg Acciaioli graduatedwithaPh.D.inAnthropologyfromtheAustralian
NationalUniversity,andcurrentlylecturesinanthropologyandsociologyatthe
UniversityofWesternAustralia.HehasbeenaResearchFellowattheCenterfor
SoutheastAsianStudiesattheCityUniversityofHongKong,theAsiaResearch
Centre at Murdoch University and the Asia Research Institute at the National
University of Singapore.
Maribeth Erb is an Associate Professor in the Department of Sociology,
National University of Singapore. She received her Ph.D. from the State
University of New York at Stony Brook, and has been involved in anthropo-
logical and sociological research in eastern Indonesia for over 20 years.
Alan Khee-Jin Tan is an Associate Professor and Vice-Dean at the Faculty
ofLaw,NationalUniversityofSingapore(NUS).AgraduateofNUSandYaleLaw,
he has been a Justice’s Law Clerk at the Supreme Court of Singapore, and
has researched extensively into environmental law issues in Southeast Asia,
particularly the recurring forest and land fires problem in Indonesia.
Biodiversity
and Human
Livelihoods in
Protected Areas:
Case Studies
from the Malay
Archipelago
Edited by
Navjot S. Sodhi,
Greg Acciaioli,
Maribeth Erb,
Alan Khee-Jin Tan
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© Cambridge University Press 2008
This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provision of
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without the written permission of Cambridge University Press.
First published in print format 2007
ISBN-13 978-0-511-37131-8 eBook (NetLibrary)
ISBN-10 0-511-37131-4 eBook (NetLibrary)
ISBN-13 978-0-521-87021-4 hardback
ISBN-10 0-521-87021-6 hardback
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To the memory of Alfred Russel Wallace,
whose vision of the naturalist’s project encompassed
evaluating the moral quality of human institutions.

Contents
List of contributors page x
Acknowledgements xv
1 General introduction
Navjot S. Sodhi, Greg Acciaioli, Maribeth Erb and
Alan Khee-Jin Tan 1
Part I Conservation needs and priorities 7
2 Introduction to Part I
Navjot S. Sodhi 9
3 Delineating Key Biodiversity Areas as targets for
protecting areas
Thomas M. Brooks, Naamal De Silva, Melizar V. Duya,
Matt Foster, David Knox, Penny Langhammer, William Marthy R.
and Blas Tabaranza, Jr. 20
4 A Master Plan for Wildlife in Sarawak: preparation,
implementation and implications for conservation
Melvin T. Gumal, Elizabeth L. Bennett, John G. Robinson
and Oswald Braken Tisen 36
5 Indonesia’s protected areas need more protection:
suggestions from island examples
David Bickford, Jatna Supriatna, Noviar Andayani, Djoko Iskandar,
Ben J. Evans, Rafe M. Brown, Ted Townsend, Umilaela,
Deidy Azhari and Jimmy A. McGuire 53
6 Birds, local people and protected areas in Sulawesi,
Indonesia
Tien Ming Lee, Navjot S. Sodhi and Dewi M. Prawiradilaga 78
vii
viii Contents
7 Importance of protected areas for butterfly conservation in a
Lian Pin Koh 95
8 Biodiversity conservation and indigenous peoples in Indonesia:
the Krui people in southern Sumatra as a case study
Ahmad Kusworo and Robert J. Lee 111
9 Involving resource users in the regulation of access to
resources for the protection of ecosystem services provided
by protected areas in Indonesia
Abdul Halim, Tri Soekirman and Widodo Ramono 122
10 Conclusion to Part I
Navjot S. Sodhi 139
Part II Conservation with and against people(s) 141
11 Introduction to Part II
Maribeth Erb and Greg Acciaioli 143
12 Collaboration, conservation, and community:
a conversation between Suraya Afiff and Celia Lowe
Suraya Afiff and Celia Lowe 153
13 Hands off, hands on: communities and the
management of national parks in Indonesia
Moira Moeliono 165
14 Conservation and conflict in Komodo National Park
Ruddy Gustave and Henning Borchers 187
15 Another way to live: developing a programme for local people
around Tanjung Puting National Park, Central Kalimantan
Semiarto Aji Purwanto 203
16 For the people or for the trees? A case study of violence and
conservation in Ruteng Nature Recreation Park
Maribeth Erb and Yosep Jelahut 222
17 Seas of discontent: conflicting knowledge paradigms
within Indonesia’s marine environmental arena
Chris Majors 241
18 Strategy and subjectivity in co-management of the Lore
Lindu National Park (Central Sulawesi, Indonesia)
Greg Acciaioli 266
Contents ix
19 Indigenous peoples and parks in Malaysia: issues and questions
Hood Salleh and Keith A. Bettinger 289
20 Protecting Chek Jawa: the politics of conservation and
memory at the edge of a nation
Daniel P.S. Goh 311
21 Integrating conservation and community participation in
protected-area development in Brunei Darussalam
Azman Ahmad 330
22 Conclusion to Part II
Greg Acciaioli and Maribeth Erb 343
Part III Legal and governance frameworks for conservation 347
23 Introduction to Part III
Alan Khee-Jin Tan 349
24 Protected-area management in Indonesia and Malaysia: the
challenge of divided competences between centre and periphery
Alan Khee-Jin Tan 353
25 Protecting sovereignty versus protecting parks: Malaysia’s
federal system and incentives against the creation of a
truly national park system
Keith A. Bettinger 384
26 What protects the protected areas? Decentralization in Indonesia,
the challenges facing its terrestrial and marine national parks
and the rise of regional protected areas
Jason M. Patlis 405
27 Learning from King Canute: policy approaches to biodiversity
conservation, lessons from the Leuser Ecosystem
John F. McCarthy and Zahari Zen 429
28 Conclusion to Part III
Alan Khee-Jin Tan 457
29 General conclusion
Navjot S. Sodhi, Greg Acciaioli, Maribeth Erb and
Alan Khee-Jin Tan 459
Index 465