Biocontrol agents of phytonematodes PDF
Preview Biocontrol agents of phytonematodes
Biocontrol Agents of Phytonematodes Biocontrol Agents of Phytonematodes Edited by Tarique Hassan Askary Division of Entomology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India and Paulo Roberto Pala Martinelli Department of Plant Protection, Laboratory of Nematology, UNESP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil CABI is a trading name of CAB International CABI CABI Nosworthy Way 38 Chauncy Street Wallingford Suite 1002 Oxfordshire OX10 8DE Boston, MA 02111 UK USA Tel: +44 (0)1491 832111 Tel: +1 800 552 3083 (toll free) Fax: +44 (0)1491 833508 Tel: +1(0)617 395 4051 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Website: www.cabi.org © CAB International 2015. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronically, mechanically, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owners. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library, London, UK. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Biocontrol agents of phytonematodes / edited by Tarique Hassan Askary, Division of Entomology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Main Campus, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India, Paulo Roberto Pala Martinelli, Department of Plant Health, Laboratory of Nematology, State University of Sao Paulo, CEP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-78064-375-5 (alk. paper) 1. Plant nematodes--Biological control. I. Askary, Tarique H assan. II. Martinelli, Paulo Roberto Pala. SB998.N4B555 2015 632’.6257--dc23 2014046559 ISBN-13: 978 1 78064 375 5 Commissioning editor: Sreepat Jain Assistant editor: Alexandra Lainsbury Production editor: Shankari Wilford Typeset by SPi, Pondicherry, India. Printed and bound in the UK by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CR0 4YY. Contents Contributors vii Preface ix PART I. PHYTONEMATODES AND BIOCONTROL AGENTS 1 Impact of Phytonematodes on Agriculture Economy 3 Mahfouz M.M. Abd-Elgawad and Tarique Hassan Askary 2 Significance of Biocontrol Agents of Phytonematodes 50 Christian Joseph R. Cumagun and Mohammad Reza Moosavi PART II. NEMATOPHAGOUS FUNGI 3 Nematophagous Fungi as Biocontrol Agents of Phytonematodes 81 Tarique Hassan Askary 4 Nematophagous Fungi: Ecology, Diversity and Geographical Distribution 126 Mrinal Kanti Dasgupta and Matiyar Rahaman Khan 5 Nematophagous Fungi: Virulence Mechanisms 163 Pedro Luiz Martins Soares, Rafael Bernal de Carvalho, Paulo Roberto Pala Martinelli, Vanessa dos Santos Paes, Arlete Jose da Silveira, Jaime Maia dos Santos, Bruno Flavio Figueiredo Barbosa and Rivanildo Junior Ferreira 6 Nematophagous Fungi: Formulation, Mass Production and Application Technology 175 Paulo Roberto Pala Martinelli, Pedro Luiz Martins Soares, Jaime Maia dos Santos and Arlete Jose da Silveira 7 Nematophagous Fungi: Commercialization 187 Mohammad Reza Moosavi and Tarique Hassan Askary 8 Nematophagous Fungi: Regulations and Safety 203 Tabo Mubyana-John and Joanne Taylor v vi Contents PART III. NEMATOPHAGOUS BACTERIA 9 Nematophagous Bacteria as Biocontrol Agents of Phytonematodes 217 Mohamed F.M. Eissa and Mahfouz M.M. Abd-Elgawad 10 Nematophagous Bacteria: Virulence Mechanisms 244 Fernando da Silva Rocha and Jorge Teodoro de Souza 11 Nematophagous Bacteria: Survival Biology 256 Fabio Ramos Alves and Ricardo Moreira de Souza 12 Nematophagous Bacteria: Field Application and Commercialization 276 Mahfouz M.M. Abd-Elgawad and Ioannis K. Vagelas 13 Novel Bacteria Species in Nematode Biocontrol 310 Ioannis K. Vagelas PART IV. MITES 14 Mites as Biocontrol Agents of Phytonematodes 323 Uri Gerson PART V. PLANT GROWTH-PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA 15 Plant Growth-promoting Rhizobacteria as Biocontrol Agents of Phytonematodes 339 Abdul Hamid Wani PART VI. ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI 16 Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi as Biocontrol Agents of Phytonematodes 365 Chellappa Sankaranarayanan PART VII. PREDATORY NEMATODES 17 Predatory Nematodes as Biocontrol Agents of Phytonematodes 393 Young Ho Kim PART VIII. CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS 18 Factors Affecting Commercial Success of Biocontrol Agents of Phytonematodes 423 Mohammad Reza Moosavi and Rasoul Zare 19 Limitations, Research Needs and Future Prospects in the Biological Control of Phytonematodes 446 Tarique Hassan Askary Index 455 Contributors Mahfouz M.M. Abd-Elgawad, Phytopathology Department, National Research Centre, El-Tahrir Street, Dokki 12622, Giza, Egypt. Email: [email protected] Fabio Ramos Alves, Department of Vegetable Production, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Alegre, Espirito Santo, Brazil. Email: [email protected] Tarique Hassan Askary, Division of Entomology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Main Campus, Shalimar, Srinagar-190025, Jammu and Kashmir, India. Email: [email protected] Bruno Flavio Figueiredo Barbosa, Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Protection, UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane,s/n. 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil. Email: [email protected] Christian Joseph R. Cumagun, Crop Protection Cluster, College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines Los Banos, College, Laguna, 4031 Philippines. Email: christian_cumagun@ yahoo.com Fernando da Silva Rocha, Laboratory of Phytopathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 39404-547 Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Email: [email protected] Arlete Jose da Silveira, Department of Agrarian and Environmental Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, (UESC), Rodovia Jorge Amado, 45662-900, Ilhéus-Bahia, Brazil. Email: arlete- [email protected] Mrinal Kanti Dasgupta, Visva-Bharati, Palli-Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Depart- ment of Plant Protection, Sriniketan 731236, West Bengal, India. Email: [email protected] Rafael Bernal de Carvalho, Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Protection, UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane,s/n. 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil. Email: [email protected] Jorge Teodoro de Souza, Department of Phytopathology, Lavras Federal University, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Ricardo Moreira de Souza, Laboratory of Entomology and Phytopathology, Centre for Agri- cultural Sciences and Technology, State University of North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Av. Alberto Lamego 2000, Pq. California, 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes – Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Email: [email protected] Jaime Maia dos Santos, Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Protection, UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane,s/n. 14884-900, J aboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil. Email: [email protected] vii viii Contributors Vanessa dos Santos Paes, Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Protection, UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane,s/n. 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil. Email: [email protected] Mohamed F.M. Eissa, Phytopathology Department, National Research Centre, EI-Tahrir Street, Dokki 12622, Giza, Egypt. Email: [email protected] Rivanildo Junior Ferreira, Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Protection, UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane,s/n. 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil. Email: [email protected] Uri Gerson, Department of Entomology, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, PO Box 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel. Email: [email protected] Matiyar Rahaman Khan, Department of Agricultural Entomology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia 741235, West Bengal, India. Email: drmrkhanbckv@ gmail.com Young Ho Kim, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea. Email: [email protected] Paulo Roberto Pala Martinelli, Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Protection, UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane,s/n. 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil. Email: prpmartinelli@ yahoo.com.br Mohammad Reza Moosavi, Department of Plant Pathology, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran. Email: [email protected] Tabo Mubyana-John, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Botswana, PO Box 0022 Gaborone, Botswana. Email: [email protected] Chellappa Sankaranarayanan, Division of Crop Protection, Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore- 641 007, India. Email: [email protected] Pedro Luiz Martins Soares, Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Protection, UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane,s/n. 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil. Email: [email protected] Joanne Taylor, Daphne Jackson Trust Fellow, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, UK. Email: [email protected] Ioannis K. Vagelas, Technological Education Institute of Larissa, Department of Plant Produc- tion, 41110, Larissa, Greece. Email: [email protected] Abdul Hamid Wani, Section of Plant Pathology and Mycology, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar-190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India. Email: ahamidwani@ yahoo.com Rasoul Zare, Department of Botany, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, PO Box 1454, Tehran 19395, Iran. Email: [email protected] Preface Plant parasitic nematodes pose a serious threat to global crop production. As well as causing significant yield losses, they also impair the quality of crops. Management of these tiny crea- tures therefore becomes essential. Biological control is a novel, ecofriendly approach, and in the past two decades the use of microbes as biological nematicides has continuously increased. Such beneficial microbes are also called biocontrol agents that potentially target specific nema- tode hosts. The role of different microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, mites and predatory nematodes as biocontrol agents of phytonematodes is well known and recent years have seen an intensive worldwide search for novel biocontrol agents particularly fungi and bacteria and also advances or breakthroughs in this field, such as the proper formulation of some strains and their commercialization. However, at present there is no book that could provide detailed information about each of them individually, particularly on the two very successful biocon- trol agents of phytonematodes, i.e. fungi and bacteria, related to their distribution, virulence, survival biology, formulation, safe application and exploitation. The current volume fulfils these objectives. The idea to compile this book is based on our past two decades of experiences working in the field of biological control. This book has a broader readership but is aimed especially for those undergraduate and postgraduate students and research practitioners hav- ing plant nematology as their specialized subject. In the present volume, 27 experts from ten countries contribute authoritative chapters that capture the full breadth of basic and applied information of some important biocontrol agents that are used or have potential in the management of phytonematodes. The information in- cludes the remarkable developments and latest achievements in this direction. The volume is divided into eight parts comprising of 19 chapters altogether. There are two chapters in Part I. The opening chapter of this book begins by analysing the global impact of phytonematodes on crop production, and in continuation a recent assessment of crop losses caused by these tiny crea- tures has been estimated based on the previous methodology presented by Prof J.N. Sasser and D.W. Freckman. Chapter 2 illustrates the significance of biocontrol agents with particular emphasis on fungi, bacteria, mites and predatory nematodes in the management of phytonematodes. In Part II there are six chapters devoted to nematophagous fungi. The first chapter broadly explains the role of nematophagous fungi against phytonematodes. Emphasis of the subsequent chapters shifts to ecology, diversity and geographical distribution, virulence mechanisms, formulation, mass production, application and commercialization of nematopha- gous fungi. The last chapter of this part deals extensively with regulations and safety measures. ix
Description:The list of books you might like
