Biocomposites and hybrid biomaterials of calcium orthophosphates with polymers

130 Pages·2019·3.26 MB·English

by  Dorozhkin, Sergey V

Biocomposites and
Hybrid Biomaterials
of Calcium
Orthophosphates with
Polymers

Biocomposites and
Hybrid Biomaterials
of Calcium
Orthophosphates with
Polymers
Sergey V. Dorozhkin
CRC Press
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Contents
Preface, vii
Author, ix
Chapter 1 ◾ Biocomposites and Hybrid
Biomaterials of Calcium
Orthophosphates (CaPO ) with
4
Polymers 1
1.1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.2 GENERAL INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE 7
1.3 THE MAJOR CONSTITUENTS OF
BIOCOMPOSITES AND HYBRID
BIOMATERIALS FOR BONE GRAFTING 11
1.3.1 CaPO 11
4
1.3.2 Polymers 12
1.4 BIOCOMPOSITES AND HYBRID
BIOMATERIALS BASED ON CaPO 19
4
1.4.1 Biocomposites with Polymers 19
1.4.1.1 Apatite-based Formulations 26
1.4.1.2 TCP-based Formulations 33
1.4.1.3 Formulations based on Other
Types of CaPO 35
4
1.4.2 Biocomposites with Collagen 37
v
vi ◾ Contents
1.4.3 Formulations with Other Bioorganic
Compounds and/or Biological
Macromolecules 46
1.4.4 Injectable Bone Substitutes 50
1.5 INTERACTIONS AMONG THE PHASES IN
CaPO -BASED FORMULATIONS 52
4
1.6 BIOACTIVITY AND BIODEGRADATION OF
CaPO /POLYMER FORMULATIONS 61
4
1.7 CONCLUSIONS 64
ABBREVIATIONS 66
REFERENCES 67
Preface
Various types of polymers have been widely used in long-term
implants and controlled drug release applications. However,
when it comes to tissue engineering, polymers suffer from some
shortcomings such as slow degradation rates, poor mechanical
properties, and low cell adhesion. The incorporation of calcium
orthophosphates (CaPO ) into polymers has yielded a num-
4
ber of biocomposites and hybrid biomaterials with remarkably
improved mechanical properties, controllable degradation rates,
as well as enhanced bioactivity and bioresorbability; all of these
appear to be very important for bone tissue engineering. This
book presents the state-of-the-art and recent advances in the fab-
rication and properties on biocomposites and hybrid biomateri-
als of CaPO with polymers suitable for biomedical applications.
4
Through the successful combinations of the desired properties
of matrix materials with those of fillers (in such systems, both
CaPO and polymers may play either role), innovative bone graft
4
biomaterials can be designed. Various types of CaPO /polymer
4
formulations that are either already in use or being investigated
for biomedical applications are discussed. The specific advantages
of such formulations in the selected applications are highlighted.
As the way from a laboratory to a hospital is a long one and the
prospective biomedical candidates have to meet many different
necessities, this book also examines the critical issues and scien-
tific challenges that require further research and development.
vii

Author
Sergey V. Dorozhkin received his MSc in chemical engineer-
ing with honors in 1984 from the Moscow Institute of Chemical
Technology, Moscow, Russia, and his PhD in chemistry in 1992
from the Research Institute of Fertilizers, Moscow, Russia. From
1992 to 1994, he worked as a senior researcher at the same insti-
tute, and from 1994 to 1996, he worked as a biotechnologist at
a Swiss–Russia joint venture. From 1996 to 2004, he held five
postdoctoral positions in France, Portugal, Germany, and Canada,
where he worked on various aspects of calcium orthophosphates.
He has authored more than 70 research articles, approximately 30
reviews, 20 book chapters, and 4 monographs.
ix