Bioactive Compounds from Natural Sources, Second Edition Natural Products as Lead Compounds in Drug Discovery

648 Pages·2011·167.51 MB·English

by  Corrado Tringali

Second Edition
BIOACTIVE
COMPOUNDS
from
NATURAL
SOURCES
Natural Products as Lead Compounds
in Drug Discovery
Edited by
Corrado Tringali
Boca Raton London New York
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Version Date: 20111017
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Contents
Preface.......................................................................................................................ix
Editor.........................................................................................................................xi
Contributors............................................................................................................xiii
Chapter 1 Strategies.and.Methods.for.a.Sustainable.Search.for.Bioactive.
Compounds............................................................................................1
Lars Bohlin, Cecilia Alsmark, Ulf Göransson, Mattias Klum,
Christina Wedén, and Anders Backlund
Chapter 2 Discovery.of.Potential.Anticancer.Agents.from.Aquatic.
Cyanobacteria,.Filamentous.Fungi,.and.Tropical.Plants....................37
Jimmy Orjala, Nicholas H. Oberlies, Cedric J. Pearce,
Steven M. Swanson, and A. Douglas Kinghorn
Chapter 3 Metabolic.Engineering.of.Natural.Product.Biosynthesis....................65
Xinkai Xie, Kangjian Qiao, and Yi Tang
Chapter 4 Computational.Approaches.for.the.Discovery.of.Natural.
Lead Structures...................................................................................97
Judith M. Rollinger and Gerhard Wolber
Chapter 5 Recent.Advances.in.the.Application.of.Electronic.Circular.
Dichroism.for.Studies.of.Bioactive.Natural.Products.......................133
Nina Berova, George Ellestad, Koji Nakanishi,
and Nobuyuki Harada
Chapter 6 Natural.Products.as.Treatments.for.and.Leads.to.Active.
Compounds.in.Viral.Diseases...........................................................167
David J. Newman and Gordon M. Cragg
Chapter 7 Natural.Products.as.Inhibitors.of.Hypoxia-Inducible.Factor-1.........187
Dale G. Nagle and Yu-Dong Zhou
v
vi Contents
Chapter 8 Antitumor.or.Wound.Healing.Actions.of.Natural.Products.
through.Inhibiting.or.Enhancing.Angiogenesis................................265
Yoshiyuki Kimura
Chapter 9 From.Natural.Polyphenols.to.Synthetic.Antitumor.Agents..............299
Carmela Spatafora and Corrado Tringali
Chapter 10 Resveratrol.against.Major.Pathologies:.From.Diet.Prevention.
to Possible.Alternative.Chemotherapies.with New.
Structural Analogues.................................................................................339
Norbert Latruffe, Dominique Delmas, Gérard Lizard, Corrado
Tringali, Carmela Spatafora, Dominique Vervandier-Fasseur,
and Philippe Meunier
Chapter 11 Drug.Discovery.from Natural.Substances:.
A Case Study— Camptothecins........................................................379
Gabriele Fontana and Lucio Merlini
Chapter 12 Plant.Compounds.and.Derivatives.as.Inhibitors.of.Cancer.Cell.
Multidrug.Resistance........................................................................409
Virginia Lanzotti, Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati,
Ernesto Fattorusso, and Attilio Di Pietro
Chapter 13 Recent.Advances.in.the.Search.of.Novel.Calmodulin.Inhibitors.
from.Selected.Mexican.Plants.and.Fungi.........................................451
Rachel Mata, Mario Figueroa, Isabel Rivero-Cruz,
and Martín González-Andrade
Chapter 14 Neuroprotective.Effects.of.Natural.Products.from.Traditional.
Chinese.Herbs...................................................................................497
Hai Yan Zhang and Xi Can Tang
Chapter 15 Drugs.for.the.Neglected.Disease.Malaria.Based.
on Natural Products.......................................................................525
S. Brøgger Christensen and Ib Christian Bygbjerg
Contents vii
Chapter 16 Endophytic.Microorganisms.as.a.Source.
of Bioactive Compounds.............................................................551
Yoshihito Shiono and Ken-ichi Kimura
Chapter 17 Biologically.Active.Natural.Products.from.Australian.
Marine Organisms.............................................................................579
Robert J. Capon
Natural Source Index............................................................................................603
Subject Index.........................................................................................................607

Preface
The.first.edition.of.Bioactive Compounds from Natural Sources.was.published.in.the.
year.2000,.in.a.period.of.renewed.attention.to.biologically.active.compounds.of.natu-
ral.origin..This.followed.two.decades.of.declining.interest.in.natural.products,.partly.
due.to.the.expectations.of.the.pharmaceutical.industry.toward.new.technologies.such.
as.combinatorial.chemistry.and.high-throughput.screening..The.situation.changed.
just.at.the.beginning.of.the.twenty-first.century.as.a.consequence.of.the.observed.
reduction.in.the.number.of.new.molecular.entities.approved.for.drug.marketing.dur-
ing.the.late.twentieth.century.coupled.with.the.increasing.awareness.of.the.unrivaled.
chemical.diversity.originated.by.nature.through.millions.of.years.of.evolution..This.
led.to.a.new.drive.toward.the.study.of.bioactive.compounds,.both.directly.obtained.
from.natural.sources.or.derived/inspired.by.those.obtained.from.natural.products..
Thus,.natural.products.are.again.under.the.spotlight,.in.particular.for.their.possible.
pharmacological.applications,.and.this.is.the.main.reason.for.the.publication.of.this.
second.edition,.largely.focusing.on.natural.products.as.lead.compounds.in.drug.dis-
covery..This.book.may.be.considered.as.complementary.to.the.first.edition,.which.
was.devoted.to.the.“isolation,.characterization,.and.biological.properties”.of.natural.
compounds,.with.the.aim.of.connecting.“lead.discovery”.to.“lead.optimization”.in.
the.field.of.bioactive.natural.products..This.second.edition.is.actually.a.completely.
new.book,.containing.surveys.of.selected.recent.advances.in.an.interdisciplinary.
area.covering.chemistry.of.natural.products,.medicinal.chemistry,.biochemistry,.and.
other.related.topics..Some.of.the.authors.of.the.first.edition.have.also.contributed.
to.this.second.edition.with.entirely.new.chapters,.but.the.majority.of.chapters.have.
been.compiled.by.new.authors.who.are.among.the.most.reputed.scientists.in.the.field.
Chapter.1.is.an.original.contribution.and.introduces.the.reader.to.strategies.and.
methods.in.the.search.for.bioactive.natural.products;.the.following.two.chapters.
report.on.various.natural.sources.of.bioactive.compounds.such.as.aquatic.cyano-
bacteria,.filamentous.fungi,.and.tropical.plants.(Chapter.2),.or.on.the.tremendous.
potentiality.of.metabolic.engineering.of.natural.product.biosynthesis.(Chapter.3)..
Two.chapters.are.devoted.to.the.contribution.of.emerging.or.developing.technolo-
gies.to.the.study.of.bioactive.natural.compounds,.namely,.computational.methods.
(Chapter.4).and.circular.dichroism.(Chapter.5)..Some.of.the.subsequent.chapters.
highlight.the.potential.of.natural.or.natural-derived.compounds.for.specific.thera-
peutic.applications:.viral.diseases.(Chapter.6),.regulation.of.hypoxia-inducible.fac-
tors.(Chapter.7),.and.modulation.of.angiogenesis.in.antitumor.or.wound-healing.
activity.(Chapter.8)..Further.chapters.focus.on.selected.examples.of.natural.product.
families.and.related.synthetic.analogues,.namely,.polyphenols.(Chapters.9.and.10).
and.campthotecins.(Chapter.11)..Chapter.12.deals.with.natural.inhibitors.of.cancer.
cell.multidrug.resistance..The.search.for.bioactive.compounds.from.locally.available.
sources,.combined.with.modern.targets.of.pharmacological.research,.is.discussed.
in.Chapters.13.and.14,.respectively,.devoted.to.calmodulin.inhibitors.from.Mexican.
plants.and.fungi.and.neuroprotective.compounds.from.Chinese.traditional.medicine..
ix
x Preface
Chapter.15.deals.with.the.antimalarial.agents.based.on.natural.products,.whereas.
Chapter.16.is.devoted.to.endophytic.microorganisms,.an.emerging.source.of.new.
bioactive.compounds..The.importance.of.marine.organisms.as.sources.of.peculiar.
natural.products.is.highlighted.in.Chapter.17,.a.survey.of.the.variety.of.products.
isolated.from.Australian.marine.organisms.
We.hope.that.this.book.may.prove.valuable.for.graduate.and.PhD.students.of.
medicinal.chemistry.who.are.keen.to.explore.the.potential.of.bioactive.natural.prod-
ucts..Of.course,.the.book.also.seeks.to.provide.useful.information.for.scientists.
working.in.various.research.fields.where.natural.products.may.have.a.primary.role.
Corrado Tringali
Department of Chemical Sciences
University of Catania
Catania, Italy