BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA SHEET PNrAAJ-065 PROCEEDINGS OF A SYMPOSIUM ON THE ...

271 Pages·2010·6.92 MB·English

BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA SHEET PNrAAJ-065

PROCEEDINGS OF A SYMPOSIUM ON THE AGROMETEOROLOGY OF THE RICE CROP

PERSONAL AUTHORS -
CORPORATE AUTHORS IRRI
WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION
1980, 251P.
ARC NUMBER -
CONTRACT NUMBER - UNKNOWN
PROJECI NUMBERS -
SUBJECT CLASS AFOO1500000
DESCRIPTORS - RICE RICE RESEARCH
METEOROLOGY AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IlWRI
WEATHER MEETINGS
Ala.
... ,.i.World Meteorolgial Ognization and
The International Rice Research Institute
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The International Rice Research Institute receives support
from a number of donors Including the Ford Foundation,
The Rockefeller Foundation, the European Economic
Community, the United Nations Development Progra.nme,
the OPEC Special Fund, the Asian Development Bank, the
International Development Research Centre, the World
Bank, and the International aid agencies of the following
governments: United States, Canada, Japan, United
Kingdom, Netherlands, Australia, Federal Republic of
Germany, New Zealand, Belgium, Denmark, and Sweden.
The responsibility for this publication rests with the

International Rice Research Institute.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Symposium director:
W.Baler, president, Commission for Agricultural Meteorology
(CAgM)
Symposium co-director:
J. C.O'Toole, Imernational Rice Research Institute
Symposium assistant director:
M.J. Connaughton, World Meteorological Organization
Symposium edito::
Robert L. Cowell, International Rice Research Institute
PROCEEDINGS OF A SYMPOSIUM ON THE
AGROMETEOROLOGY

OF THE

RICE CROP

World Meteorological Organization and

The International "ice Research Institute

1980

THE INTERNATIONAL RICE RESEARCH INSTITUTE

LosBanos, Laguna, Philippines'e P.O. Box 933, Manila, Philippines
Contents

Foreword
D. A. D s V

N. C Brady
Participants
IX

Opening remarks
W.Baler Al
Welcome address
V K.Krlshnamwthy
x
N. C Brady x
xv
Presentation of papers
I. CLIMATIC ASPEC.... aui..u rr.uuu jiutmuKV1WW)
Climatic constraints to rice production In the Philippines
3
Ed PAntsudco andA. C Cbrdenas
Meteorological aspects of rice production in Central and South America -current and future 9
F.& da mota
Meteorological aspects of rice production In India
19
P.I Sreenlvasan
Agrometeorology of three rice regions of the Indus Plain
33
M. Rafq
Agroclimatc constraints to dryland rice production In West Africa
37
T L. Lawson
The agroclimatic classification of rice-growing environments in Indonesia
47
L. R Oldeman

Macroclimatic aspects ofrice production in Southeast Asia

57
S Hardlawinata
11.DATA ACQUISITION AND MEASUREMENTS
Measurements of meteorological variables Inrice-weather experiments
Z Uchlim.
.

Measurement ofevapotranspiration in rice
87
K & Tomarandl.C O'Toole
Minimum data requirements in rice experiments'
9
JF.Angus
Acquisition and analysis of rice and weather data
101
P. P & ker
III. RESEARCH AND APPUCATIONS
The application of agrometeorology to some aspects of rice research in Sri LaUnKa 115
C P. PanabokkeandN Hussan
iv
Agrometeorologcal research and extension for the rice farmer in the humid tropics i21
Al W.Baradas
Climatic factors in rice-based cropping systems research 127
IL.G. Zandstra,J..F.Angus, andM. M. Tamisin
IV. CLIMATIC CHANGE AND VARIABILITY
The impact of world weather change on rice production 143
J. W.Slansel
Climatically induced rice production variations and their influence on society 153
K. Takahashi
Crop weather analysis based on minimum meteorological data for multiple cropping In the humid
lowland tropics 157
/. J. Riley
Climate change in India 173
R. E.Huke adS. Sardkto
Maximum water requirement of upland rice variety 0S6 in the humid/subhumid zone of West
Africa 181
T L Lawson andK. Alklr
V. MODELING AND DATA ANALYSIS
Climatic factors and the modeling ofrice growth and yield 189
J F.Angus andH. G.Zandstra
Aconceptual agromet rice yield model 201
. W.StanselandR. E.Fries
Dynamic simulation of irrigated rice crop growth and yield 213
J. A. McMennamy
Rainfall recurrence analysis for extrapolating rice-based cropping patterns 223
A.A. MorrisandF.AL Rumbaoa, Jr.
Aweather-technology model for rice in Southern Brazil 235
F.S. daMota andJ.B. daSlva
An analogue approach for estimating rice yield in China 239
A. Y M Yao andS. K. LeDuc
Repo:t ofWorking Groups 249
Background information 249
Objectives 250
Recommendations of Working Group I - Climatic dat 250
Recommendation3 of Working Group II- Minimum data requirements in rice.weathei
experiments 252
Recommendations of Working Group III - Data analysis and modeling 252.
Other general recommendations 254
Closure of the session 254
Foreword

The World Food Conference (Rome, 1974) in its Resolution IV(6) recommended
that the concerned national and international instituticns intensify basic and
applied research regarding:

(a) the impact of different ecological conditions, particularly climate,

weather, and their variability, on agricultural production in various

climatic zones and particularly in tropical and climatically marginal

(e.g. semiarid and arid) land areas,

(b) the application of meteorological information and knowledge in planning
agricultural research and land-use and management systems, including the

development of alternative cropping strategies to suit different weather

condition3 so as to minimize the adverse effects of aberrant weather

and encourage production patterns in tune with the climatic potential.
In response to this and other Resolutions of the World Food Conference,
WMO has, since 1975, intensified its activities in the field of agrometeorol­
ogy. These activities, directed toward the improvement of knowledge

concerning the effects of weather and climate on agricultural production

and the dissemination of this knowledge to meteorologists and agriculturists

in Member countries, particularly those in the developing world, include

the organization of technical conferences, training seminars, and symposia

on various agrometeorological topics. This Symposium/Planning Meeting on

the Agrometeorology of the Rice Crop was the third of a series of symposia

on the agrometeorology of single crops; the two previous symposia dealt

with the agrometeorology of the wheat and maize crops, respectively. Inthe

organization of this meeting, we have been very fortunate inhaving the

support of the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) which readily

agreed to host and to co-sponsor the event. Itwas, indeed, very appro­
priate thnt IRRI, the leading world rice center, was associated with this

meeting and that the meeting was held in the heart of one of the most

important rice-growing areas of the world.

Part I of this publicition contains the papers presented during the

first three days of the Symposium/Planning Meeting. These papers,
presented by experts on the agrometeorological aspects of rice production,
are in effect a summary of present knowledge on this subject. Part II is
a report on the conclusions and recommendations of the various working groups
which met during the two final days of the meeting to consider plans for
further research into rice/weather relationships. Thus, these Proceedings

are concerned with both past and proposed future activities in the
agrometeorological aspects of rice research and as such are, I believe, of

great potential value to workers in this field.

Many people contributed to the success of the Symposium/Planning Meeting.

I wish to thank Dr. R. L. Kintanar, President of WM and Permanent Representative
of the Philippines with WHO and Dr. N. C. Brady, Director General of IRRI, both
of whom kindly cooperated inarranging for the hosting of the meeting inthe
Philippines. We also thank Dr. W. Baier of Agriculture Canada and ex-President
of WMO Commission for Agricultural Meteorology, who assisted in the program
planning and acted as Technical Director. To these and to all others who
helped to make this a most successful meeting, I have pleasure inexpressing,
on behalf of WMO, my sincere gratitude.
D.A. Davies
Foreword

Rice, which provides a third of the world's population with more than half

their calories and nearly half their protein, is cultured in more diverse

agrometeorologic conditions than any other food crop. Geographically, rice

is grown in China at latitude 50N, in central Sumatra on the equator, and

in Australia and Uruguay at 35*S. It is grown below sea level in Kerala,

India, and at elevations above 2,000 m in Kashmir and Nepal. It can be grown

in upland, moderately submerged, and deep water conditions.

Scientists at IRRI have a long-standing interest in the response of rice

to climatic factors. A 4-day (24-27 September) symposium on climate and rice

follcwed the dedication of IRRI's phytotron in 1974. Many renowned biological

and physical scientists from around the world participated. The published

proceedings of that symposium form the basic reference on the interaction of

climatic factors with rice growth, yield, and incidence of pests and diseases.

It was felt, however, that rice scientists needed a second forum in which

to exchange new information. The symposium held 3-7 December 1979 at IRRI

presented updated information on the agrometeorology of the rice crop. Working

groups were formed to a) determine the status of weather records in rice-growing

regions and plan their collection, analysis, and dissemination to users; b) deter­
mine essential meteorological variables to be monitored in rice-weather experi­
ments and plan future experiments along this line; c) develop plans and priorities

for rice-weather data analysis, such as mapping and crop modeling.

We are pleased that the World Meteorological Organization shares our common

interest in these objectives and has extended its support in cosponsoring this

symposium.

We wish to express our thanks to W. Beier and N.J. Connaughton for their

assistance in organizing the sympooium, and to the IRRI symposium committee

made up of S.I. Bhuiyan, J.C. Flinn, H.E. Kauffman, R.A. Morris, and J.C. O'Toole

(chairman).
N.C. Brady

Director general
SYMPOSIUM ON
AGROMETEOROLOGY OF THE RICE CROP. 3-7 DECEMBER 1979
LOS BAROS, LAGUNA, PHILIPPINES
Participants

R. ALCANCES DUSADEE SARIGABUTR
Man and Biosphere Program
Agrometeorology Division, Meteorological Department
Third Floor, Quezon City Development Bank Bldg.
612 Sukumvit Road, Bangkok 11
1424 Quezon Avenue, Quezon City
Thailand
Philippines

D. EVESSON
J.F.ANGUS Papua New Guinea Weather Service
CSIRO, Division of Land Use Research Boroko, Papua New Guinea
P.O. Box 1666, Canberra City, A.C.T. 2601
Australia J. C FLINN
Agricultural Economics Department
V BABIERA IRRI, P.O. Box 933, Manila
Bureau of Soils, Sunvesco Bldg., Taft Avenue, Manila Philippines
Philippines A E.FRIES
General Electric Company
W.BAIER 5030 Herzel Place, Beltsvlle, Maryland 20705
World Meteorological Organization Agriculture Canada U.S.A.
Ottawa, Ontario CIA OC6
Canada R. GALANTA
Bureau ofSoils, Sunvesco Bldg., Taft Avenue, Manila
M. BARADAS Philippines
c/o UNDP, P.O. Box 1011, Freetown, Sierra Leone
West Africa C GOMEZ
Bureau ofAgricultural Economics
R M. BHA TTI Quezon Avenue, Quezon City
Pakistan Agricultural Research Center Philippines
Islamabad, Pakistan
C-HALICAN
&L BHUJYAN Man and Biosphere Program
Irrigation Water Management Third Floor, Quezon City Development Bank Bldg.
IRRI, P.O. Box 933, Manila 1424 Quezon Avenue, Quezon City
Philippines Philippines
M. BONJOC H C HARRIS
PAGASA, 1424 Quezon Avenue, Quezon City Department of Agronomy and Soils
Philippines The University of New England
Armidale, NSW 2351
CHANAHKEE Australia
Malaysian Meteorological Services
Jalan Sultan, Petaling Jaya HASSAN
Malaysia Division of Land and Water Use
Department of Agriculture
CHOVITLUBPAREE Peradenya, Sri Lanka
National Research Council, 1gb Phaholyothin Road
Bangkhen, Bangkok-9 SUNGGIL HONG
Thailand Meteorological Office

Korea

R. L. COWELL
Office of Information Services A E. HUKE
IRRI, P.O. Box 933, Manila Agricultural Economics Department
Philippines IRRI, P.O. Box 933, Manila
Philippines
E. T. CRASWELL
International Fertilizer Development Center (IFDC) A.JOSE
Muscle Shoals, Alabama 35660 PAGASA, 1424 Quezon Avenue, Quezon ty

U.S.A. Philippines

&K. DE DA TTA K. SUKHAPINDA
Department of Agronomy Clmatology Division, Meteorological Department

IRRI, P.O. Box 933, Manila Sukumvit Road, Bangkok 11

Philippines Thailand

ix