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Biaxial1 Fracture 1- BIAXIAL/MULTIAXIAL FATIGUE AND FRACTURE I R 45 M Other titles in the ESlS Series EGF 1 The Behaviour of Short Fatigue Cracks Edited by K.J. Miller and E.R. de 10s Rios EGF 2 The Fmcture Mechanics of Welds Edited by J.G. Blauel and K.-H. Schwalbe EGF 3 Biaxial and Multiaxial Fatigue Edited by M.W. Brown and K.J. Miller EGF 4 The Assessment of Cracked Components h-v Fracture Mechanics Edited by L.H. Larsson EGF 5 Yielding, Damage, and Failure OfAnisotmpic So1id.s Edited by J.F! Boehler EGF 6 High Temperature Fracture Mechanisms and Mechanics Edited by P. Bensussan and J.P. Mascarell EGF 7 Environment Assisted Fatigue Edited by P Scott and R.A. Cottis EGFIESIS 8 Fracture Mechanics Verification by Large Scale Testing Edited by K. Kussmaul ESIS/EGF 9 Dcfect Assessment in Components - Fundamentals and Applications Edited by J.G. Blauel and K.-H. Schwalbe ESlS IO Fatigue under Biaxial and Multiaxial Loading Edited by K. Kussmaul, D.L. McDiarmid and D.F. Socie ESIS II Mechanics and Mechanisms of’ Damage in Composites and Multi-Materials Edited by D. Baptiste ESlS 12 High Temperature Structural Design Edited by L.H. Larsson ESlS 13 Short Fatigue Cracks Edited by K.J. Miller and E.R. de 10s Rios ESlS 14 Mixed-Mode Fatigue and Fracture Edited by H.P. Rossmanith and K.J. Miller ESlS 15 Behaviour of Defect.s at High Rmpemtures Edited by R.A. Ainsworth and R.P. Skelton ESIS 16 Fatigue Design Edited by J. Solin, G. Marquis, A. Siljander and S. Sipila ESlS 17 Mis-Matching of Welds Edited by K.-H. Schwalbe and M. KoCak ESIS 18 Fretting Fatigue Edited by R.B. Waterhouse and T.C. Lindley ESIS 19 Impnct of Dynamic Fracture of Polymers and Composites Edited by J.G. Williams and A. Pavan ESlS 20 Evaluating Material Properties by Dynamic Testing Edited by E. van Walle ESlS 21 Multiaxial Fatigue & Design Edited by A. Pineau, G. Gailletaud and T.C. Lindley ESIS 22 Fatigue Design of Components. ISBN 008-0433 18-9 Edited by G. Marquis and J. Solin ESlS 23 Futigue Design and Reliability. ISBN 008-043329-4 Edited by G. Marquis and J. Solin ESlS 24 Minimum Reinforcement in Concrete Member.s. ISBN 008-043022-8 Edited by Albert0 Carpinteri ESlS 25 Multiaxial Fatigue and Fracture. lSBN 008-043336-7 Edited by E. Macha, W. Bqdkowski and T. aagoda ESIS 26 Fracture Mechanics: Applications and Challenges. ISBN 008-043699-4 Edited by M. Fuentes, M. Elices, A. Martin-Meizoso and J.M. Martinez-Esnaola ESIS 27 Fracture of Po[vmer.s, Composites andddhesives. ISBN 008-0437 10-9 Edited by J.G. Williams and A. Pavan ESIS 28 Fracture Mechanics Testing Method.s,fiir Po1ymer.s Adhesives and Comjmsites. ISBN 008-043689-7 Edited by D.R. Moore, A. Pavan and J.G. Williams ESIS 29 Temperature-F atigue Inteemction. ISBN 008-043982-9 Edited by L. Remy and J. Petit ESlS 30 From Charp.v to Present Impuct Te.sting. ISBN 008-043970-5 Edited by D. FranCois and A. Pineau For information on how to order titles 1-21, please contact MEP Ltd Northgate Avenue. Bury St Edmonds, Suffolk, IP32 6BW, UK. Titles 22-29 can be ordered from Elsevier (http://www.elsevier.com). BIAXIALMULTIAXIAL FATIGUE AND FRACTURE Editors: Andrea Carpinteri Manuel de Freitas Andrea Spagnoli ESIS Publication 31 This volume contains 25 peer-reviewed papers selected from those presented at the 6thI nternational Conference on BiaxialMultiaxial Fatigue and Fracture held in Lisbon, Portugal, 25-28 June 2001. The meeting was organised by the Instituto Superior Tecnico and sponsored by the Portuguese Ministerio da Ciencia e da Tecnologia and by the European Structural Integrity Society. x SIS 2003 Elsevier Amsterdam - Boston - London - New York - Oxford - Paris San Diego - San Francisco - Singapore - Sydney - Tokyo ELSEVIER SCIENCE Ltd. The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington, Oxford OX5 IGB, UK 0 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. And ESIS. All rights reserved. This work is protected under copyright by Elsevier Science, and the following terms and conditions apply to its use: Photocopying Single photocopies of single chapters may be made for personal use as allowed by national copyright laws. Permission of the Publisher and payment of a fee is required for all other photocopying, including multiple or systematic copying, copying for advertising or promotional purposes, resale, and all forms of document delivery. Special rates are available for educational institu- tions that wish to make photocopies for non-profit educational classroom use. Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK phone: (+44) 1865 843830, fax: (+44) I865 853333, e-mail: [email protected] ou may also complete your request on-line via the Elsevier Science homepage (http:Nwww.elsevier.com), by selecting ‘Customer Support’ and then ‘Obtaining Permissions’. In the USA, users may clear permissions and make payments through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA; phone: (+I) (978) 7508400, fax: (+I) (978) 7504744, and in the UK through the Copyright Licensing Agency Rapid Clearance Service (CLARCS), 90 Tottenham Court Road, London WIP OLP, UK; phone: (+44) 207 631 5555; fax: (+44) 207 63 1 5500. Other countries may have a local reprographic rights agency for payments. Derivative Works Tables of contents ray be reproduced for internal circulation, but permission of Elsevier Science is required for external resale or distribution of such material. Permission of the PL,II rher is required for all other derivative works, including compilations and nanslations. Electronic Storage or Usage Permission of the Publisher is required to store or use electronically any material contained in this work, including any chapter or part of a chapter. Except as outlined above, no part of this work m2-r be reproduced stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopyi , recording or otherwise, without prior written permission of the Publisher. Address permissions requests to: Elsevier’s Science & lechnology Rights Department, at the phone, fax and e-mail addresses noted above. Notice No responsibility is assumed by the Publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein. Because of rapid advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent verification of diagnoses and drug dosages should be made. First edition 2003 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data A catalog record from the Library of Congress has been applied for. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record from the British Library has been applied for. ISBN : 0-08-044129-7 ISSN : 1566-1369 @ The paper used in this publication meets the requirements ofANSI/NISO 239.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper). Printed in The Netherlands. The papers presented in these proceedings have been reproduced directly from the authors’ ’camera ready’ manuscripts. As such, the presentation and reproduction quality may vary from paper to paper. V CONFERENCE COMMITTEES International Scientific Committee: P. Bonacuse (USA) M.W.B rown (UK) A. Carpinteri (Italy) K. Dang Van (France) F. Ellyin (Canada) U. Fernando (UK) D. Franqois (France) M. de Freitas (Portugal) Chairman G. Glinka (Canada) S. Kalluri (USA) E. Macha (Poland) G. Marquis (Finland) D.L. McDowell (USA) K.J. Miller (UK) Y. Murakami (Japan) J. Petit (France) A. Pineau (France) L. Pook (UK) V. Shlyannikov (Russia) D. Socie (USA) C. Sonsino (Germany) S. Stanzl-Tschegg (Austria) T. Topper (Canada) V. Troschenko (Uhaine) E. Tschegg (Austria) S. Zamrik (USA) H. Zenner (Germany) Organizing Committee: M. de Freitas (Chairman), M. Fonte, B. Li - EIsevier Internet Homepage http:/hPww.elsevier.com Consult the Elsevier homepage for full catalogue information on all books. journals and electronic products and services. Elsevier Titles of Related Interest CARPINTERI MURAKAMI Minimum Reinforcement in Concrete Members. Metal Fatigue Effects of Small Defects and Nonmetallic ISBN: W8-043022-8 Inclusions ISBN: W8-044064-9 FRANPIS and PINEAU From Charpy to prescot Impact Testing. RAVICHANDRAN ETAL ISBN. 008043970-5 Small Fatigue Crack Mechpnics. Mechanisms C Applicatims. ISBN: 008443011-2 NENTES ETAL. Fracture Mechanics: Applications and Challenges. ReMY and PmlT ISBN 008-043699-4 Temperature-FatigueI nteraction. ISBN: 008-043982-9 JONES Failure Analysis Care Studies 11. TANAKA C DULIKRAVICH ISBN. WR-043959-4 Inverse Problems in Engineering Mechanics 11. ISBN: W8-043693-5 MACHA €TAL Muluaxial Fatigue and Fracture. UOMOTO ISBN: 008-043336-7 Non-DestructiveT esting in Civil Engineaing ISBN: w8-0437174 MARQUIS C SOLIN VOYlADJIS ETAL Fatigue Design of Components. Damage Mechanics in hgineering Materials ISBN: 008-043318-9 ISBN: 008-043322-7 MARQUIS & SOLIN VOYIADJIS & KATTAN Fatigue Design and Reliability. Advances in Damage Mechanics: Metals and Metal Matrix ISBN: 008-043329-4 Composites. ISBN. W8-043601.3 MOORE ETAL Fracture Mechanics Testing Methods for Polymers. Adhesives WILLIAMS & PAVAN and Composites. Fracture of Polymers, Composites and Adhesives. ISBN: 008043689-7 ISBN: 008-043710-9 Related Journals Free specimen copy gladly sent on request. Elsevier Ltd, The Boulevard, Langford Lane. Kidlington, Oxford, OX5 IGB, UK Acta Metallurgica et Materialia International Journal of Pressure Vessels & Piping Cement and Concrete Research International Joumal of Solids and Structures Composite Structures Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics Computers and Structures Joumal of Construction Steel Research Corrosion Science Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids Engineering Failure Analysis Materials Research Bulletin Engineering Fracture Mechanics Mechanics of Materials European Journal of Mechanics A & B Mechanics Research Communications International Journal of Fatigue NDTBrE International International Journal of Impact Engineering Scripta Metallurgica et Materialia International Journal of Mechanical Sciences Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanii:S Tribology International International Journal of Plasticity Wear To Contact the Publisher Elsevier Science welcomes enquiries concerning publishing proposals: books, journal special issues, conference proceedings, etc. All formats and media can be considered. Should you have a publishing proposal you wish to discuss, please contact, without obligation, the publisher responsible for Elsevier's mechanics and structural integrity publishing pmpmme: Dean Eastbury Senior Publishing Editor, Materials Science &Engineering Elsevier Ltd The Boulevard, Langford Lane Phone: +44 1865 843580 Kidlington, Oxford Fax: +44 1865 843920 OX5 IGB, UK E.mail: d.eastbury@ elsevier.com General enquiries, including placing orders, should be directed to Elsevier's Regional Sales Offices -please access the Elsevier homepage for full contact details (homepage details at the top of this page). vii CONTENTS Preface xi 1. Multiaxial Fatigue of Welded Structures Assessment of Welded Structures by a Structural Multiaxial Fatigue Approach 3 K. Dung Van, A. Bignonnet and J.L . Fayard Evaluation of Fatigue of Fillet Welded Joints in Vehicle Components Under Multiaxial Service Loads 23 G. Savaidis, A. Savaidis, R. Schliebner and M. Vormwald Multiaxial Fatigue Assessment of Welded Structures by Local Approach 43 F. Labesse-Jied, B. Lebrun, E. Petitpas and J.-L Robert Micro-Crack Growth Behavior in Weldments of a Nickel-Base Superalloy Under Biaxial Low-Cycle Fatigue at High Temperature 63 N. Zsobe and S. Sakurai 2. High Cycle Multiaxial Fatigue Multiaxial Fatigue Life Estimations for 6082-T6 Cylindrical Specimens Under In-Phase and Out-of-Phase Biaxial Loadings 83 L. Susrnel and N. Petrone Long-Life Multiaxial Fatigue of a Nodular Graphite Cast Iron 105 G.B . Marquis and P. Karjalainen-Roikonen The Influence of Static Mean Stresses Applied Normal to the Maximum Shear Planes in Multiaxial Fatigue 123 R.P . Kaufman and T. Topper 3. Non-Proportional and Variable-Amplitude Loading Fatigue Limit of Ductile Metals Under Multiaxial Loading 147 J. Liu and H. Zenner Sequenced Axial and Torsional Cumulative Fatigue: Low Amplitude Followed by High Amplitude Loading 165 P. Bonacuse and S. Kalluri Estimation of the Fatigue Life of High Strength Steel Under Variable-Amplitude Tension with Torsion: Use of the Energy Parameter in the Critical Plane 183 T. Lagoda, E. Macha, A. Niesiony and F. Morel

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