Beyond the Monastery Walls: Lay Men and Women in Early Medieval Legal Formularies PDF
Preview Beyond the Monastery Walls: Lay Men and Women in Early Medieval Legal Formularies
Beyond the Monastery Walls Our understanding of life in the early Middle Ages is dominated by Christian churches and monasteries. It is their records and libraries whichhavesurvivedthecenturies,totellushowtheclerics,monks,and nuns who lived and worked within their walls experienced the world aroundthem.Wethusseethelayinhabitantsofthatwiderworldmostly whentheyareinteractingwiththeclergy. However,afewsourcesletus explorelaylifeinthisperiodmorebroadly.BeyondtheMonasteryWalls exploits perhaps the richest of these: manuscript books containing formulas, or models, for documents that do not otherwise survive. Through these books, Warren C. Brown explores the concerns and behavior of lay men and women in this period on their own terms, and casts fresh light on a part of the medieval world that is usually hiddenfromview.Intheprocess,heshowshowearlymedievalistsare winningfreshinformationfromoursourcesbylookingattheminnew ways. Warren C. Brown is Professor of History at the California Institute of Technology. His previous publications include Violence in Medieval Europe (2011) and, as co-editor, Documentary Culture and the Laity in theEarlyMiddleAges(Cambridge,2012). blih d li b C bid i i blih d li b C bid i i Beyond the Monastery Walls Lay Men and Women in Early Medieval Legal Formularies Warren C. Brown CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology blih d li b C bid i i ShaftesburyRoad,CambridgeCB28EA,UnitedKingdom OneLibertyPlaza,20thFloor,NewYork,NY10006,USA 477WilliamstownRoad,PortMelbourne,VIC3207,Australia 314–321,3rdFloor,Plot3,SplendorForum,JasolaDistrictCentre, NewDelhi–110025,India 103PenangRoad,#05–06/07,VisioncrestCommercial,Singapore238467 CambridgeUniversityPressispartofCambridgeUniversityPress&Assessment, adepartmentoftheUniversityofCambridge. WesharetheUniversity’smissiontocontributetosocietythroughthepursuitof education,learningandresearchatthehighestinternationallevelsofexcellence. www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781108479585 DOI:10.1017/9781108855426 ©WarrenC.Brown2023 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexceptionandtothe provisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements,noreproductionofany partmaytakeplacewithoutthewrittenpermissionofCambridgeUniversity Press&Assessment. Firstpublished2023 PrintedintheUnitedKingdombyTJBooksLimited,PadstowCornwall AcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary ACataloging-in-PublicationdatarecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheLibrary ofCongress ISBN978-1-108-47958-5Hardback CambridgeUniversityPress&Assessmenthasnoresponsibilityforthepersistence oraccuracyofURLsforexternalorthird-partyinternetwebsitesreferredtointhis publicationanddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchwebsitesis,orwill remain,accurateorappropriate. blih d li b C bid i i Christopher, Peter, and Michael Dulcissimis filiis meis… blih d li b C bid i i blih d li b C bid i i Contents Listof Figures page ix Acknowledgments x Listof Abbreviations xii Part I TheGate 1 Introduction 3 TheLaity 14 WhatAre–andWhyAre–Formulas? 20 AnchoringtheFormulasinthePast 30 OpeningtheGate 34 AReaders’Guide 35 2 TheManuscript 38 TheBook 39 ItsContents 41 TheFormulas 47 OtherFormulaCollections 64 HowtheFormulasWereUsed 70 Conclusions 77 3 Language, Anachronism, and the Laity 80 TheLatinoftheFormulas 82 RomanLaw 86 RomanCitizenship 94 RomanLegalProcedures 100 Conclusions 112 Part II TheLaity 4 Laypeople and Documents 121 KeepingDocuments 122 UsingDocuments 136 Conclusions 142 vii blih d li b C bid i i viii Contents 5 Laypeople and Property 151 PropertyTransfers 153 Loans 159 BeneficiaandPrecariae 161 UsingaKing 173 Conclusions 175 6 Family 176 Inheritance 178 FamilyFeeling 185 OldAge 189 Marriage 192 Divorce 200 Women 202 Orphans 209 Conclusions 214 7 Conflictand Justice 216 JudicialAssemblies 218 ExtrajudicialSettlements 231 TheCausesofConflict 233 Conclusions 250 8 Power, Personal Relationships, and Letters 252 TheLanguageofPersonalRelationships 255 PersonalRelationshipsinPractice 259 TheLettersofEinhard 270 Conclusions 279 9 Freedom and Unfreedom 284 UnfreeasPassiveObjects 290 UnfreeasActiveAgents 302 Conclusions 318 10 Conclusions 321 TheEarlyMedievalLaity 322 WhatHappenedtoOurBook? 334 TheCollectioFlaviniacensis 346 Bibliography 356 Manuscript Index 377 Main Index 378 blih d li b C bid i i Figures 1.1 Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Latin Manuscript 2123 page 4 1.2 Flavigny-sur-Ozerain 5 1.3 Europeat the death ofCharlemagnein 814 6 1.4 Paris, BNF, ms.lat. 2123, ff. 105v–106r 11 1.5 Paris, BNF, ms.lat. 2123, ff. 113v–114r 12 1.6 Thegeographical distribution ofextant formula manuscripts 22 2.1 Paris, BNF, ms.lat. 2123, f.147r detail 60 2.2 Paris, BNF, ms.lat. 2123, f.121v,LH column, detail 61 3.1 Munich, BSB,Clm 29585/2, detail 86 3.2 Paris, BNF, ms.lat. 10756, f. 64r 107 10.1 Paris,BNF, ms. lat. 2123,f.1r,detail 343 ix blih d li b C bid i i
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