Beyond AI: Artificial Golem Intelligence

149 Pages·2013·3.89 MB·English

Jan Romportl
Pavel Ircing
Eva Zackova
Michal Polak
Radek Schuster (eds.)
Beyond AI:
Artificial Golem
Intelligence
Proceedings of the International Conference
Beyond AI 2013
Pilsen, Czech Republic, November 12–14, 2013
Copyright
Except where otherwise stated, all papers are copyright © of their
individual authors and are reproduced here with their permission.
All materials in this volume not attributable to individual authors
are copyright © Department of Interdisciplinary Activities, New
Technologies – Research Centre, University of West Bohemia,
Pilsen, Czech Republic.
ISBN 978-80-261-0275-5
Published by University of West Bohemia
Preface
“BeyondAI:ArtificialGolemIntelligence”(BAI2013)isthethird
conference in the Beyond AI series. As the AGI allusion in the con-
ference’s subtitle suggests, we want to focus on Artificial General
Intelligence, maybe in a slightly heretic way. Instead of asking what
methods and algorithms we should explore in order to achieve real
AGI, we want to find answers to this question: “Why is AGI a holy
grail of the AI field?”
Quitean ambitiousgoal, one mightsay.Perhapsyes,butin case
we see that we are failing in answering this question, we can always
cross out the first word and stay with “Is AGI a holy grail of the AI
field?”. I personally think that it is. My professional background is
applied AI and I can honestly testify that it is a truly intoxicating
feeling when you (with a cunning Hephaestus’ smile on your lips)
make a sophisticated gizmo work, indeed a gizmo full of artificial
neuralnetworks,geneticalgorithms,hiddenMarkovmodels,support
vector machines, probabilistic grammars and a genuine set of rules
of thumb called ‘expert knowledge’.
But something is still missing. You watch your gizmo do its job,
metaphorically maybe similar to particular isolated and strangely
twisted human cognitive functions, and somewhere deep inside you
starttofeeltensionandcompulsiveurgetoimproveit,makeitfaster,
moreaccurate,morerobust,more...natural?Willyoueverfeelfully
satisfied? Maybe someone yes, but not me. Because nothing com-
pares to a well-fed Golem, an artificially emerging human nourished
frominanimatematterbyKabbalahofmodernAI,abeingwiththe
unholy capacity of stealing the uniqueness of human soul. But wait
– is this capacity really unholy? Isn’t it the other way around?
Lets see what the speakers and the audience of BAI2013 can say
about it. We have invited a group of great keynote speakers whose
talks shall initiate such discussions. Abstracts of most of their talks
IV
are printed in this volume, specifically in its first part. The rest
of the volume is dedicated to the full papers of the speakers who
made it through the double-blind review process of our Programme
Committee – my great thanks go to all of them.
Specialthanksbelongtoourorganisingteam:EvaŽáčková,Pavel
Ircing, Michal Polák, Radek Schuster and Tzu-Keng Fu. Moreover,
PavelIrcing,whoputtogethertheseproceedings,didallthetypeset-
ting, had heavenly patience with converting MS Word submissions
to LATEX and helping LATEX-drowning philosophers, deserves such
great thanks that he shall receive them chilled, freshly draught and
served by a little cute AGI, just the way it is done here in Pilsen.
Pilsen, November 2013 Jan Romportl
Organising Committee Chair
BAI 2013
Organisation
Beyond AI: Artificial Golem Intelligence(BAI2013)isorganisedby
Department of Interdisciplinary Activities, New Technologies Re-
searchCentre,UniversityofWestBohemia,Pilsen,CzechRepublic.
It is also supported by Department of Cybernetics of the same uni-
versity. The conference took place in Pilsen, on November 12–14,
2013.
Programme Committee
Jiří Beran (Psychiatry Clinic, University Hospital, Pilsen)
Tarek R. Besold (Institute of Cognitive Science, University of
Osnabrück)
JanBetka(DepartmentofOtorhinolaryngologyandHeadandNeck
Surgery, University Hospital Motol, Prague)
Nick Campbell (School of Linguistic, Speech and Communication
Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin)
David Díaz Pardo de Vera (Signals, Systems and Radiocommunica-
tion Department, Technical University of Madrid)
Hamid Ekbia (School of Library and Information Science, Indiana
University, Bloomington)
Luis Hernández Gómez (Signals, Systems and Radiocommunication
Department, Technical University of Madrid)
Ivan M. Havel (Centre for Theoretical Study, Prague)
Søren Holm (School of Law, University of Manchester)
Jozef Kelemen (Institute of Computer Science, Silesian University,
Opava)
Kevin LaGrandeur (New York Institute of Technology)
Vladimír Mařík (Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical
University, Prague)
Peter Mikulecký (Faculty of Informatics and Management, Univer-
sity of Hradec Králové)
VI
Hugo Pinto (AI Engineers Ltda, Porto Alegre)
Josef Psutka (Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of West
Bohemia, Pilsen)
Raúl Santos de la Cámara (HI Iberia R&D, Madrid)
Kevin Warwick (School of Systems Engineering, University of
Reading)
Yorick Wilks (Florida Institute for Human & Machine Cognition)
Enrico Zovato (Nuance Communications, Torino)
Organising Committee
Jan Romportl
Eva Žáčková
Pavel Ircing
Radek Schuster
Michal Polák
Tzu-Keng Fu
Sponsoring
The conference is supported by the project “Interdisciplinary Part-
nershipforArtificialIntelligence”(CZ.1.07/2.4.00/17.0055),OPEd-
ucationforCompetitiveness,fundedbytheEuropeanSocialFundin
theCzechRepublicandbytheStateBudgetoftheCzechRepublic.
FurthersupportwaskindlyprovidedbytheUrbanDistrictPilsen3.
Keynote Talks
An Approach Towards the Embodied (Nonhuman) Mind
Rachel Armstrong (University of Greenwich)
The Construction of Light
Ron Chrisley (University of Sussex)
AI, Its Metaphors, and Their Mutations
Hamid Ekbia (Indiana University)
Beyond Artificiality, Generality and Intelligence
Ben Goertzel (AGI Society)
Artificial Responsibility
J. Storrs Hall (Independent scientist and author)
Robot: The Modern Age Golem
Jana Horakova (Masaryk University, Brno)
What do Cars Think of Trolley Problems: Ethics for Autonomous
Cars
Anders Sandberg (University of Oxford)
Creatures Made of Clay
Brian Cantwell Smith (University of Toronto)
METAMERGENCE – Kinetic Intelligence and Physical Thinking
Beyond the Artificial-Natural Binary
Jaime del Val (Reverso, Madrid)
Sex, Lies and Games: Turing Style
Kevin Warwick (University of Reading)
What Can We Do with Crude Matter?
Joanna Zylinska (Goldsmiths, University of London)
Table of Contents
I Keynote talk abstracts
Sex, Lies and Games: Turing Style ::::::::::::::::::::::: 1
Kevin Warwick
AI, its Metaphors, and their Mutations ::::::::::::::::::: 2
Hamid Ekbia
The Construction of Light :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 3
Ron Chrisley
METAMERGENCE – Kinetic Intelligence and Physical
Thinking Beyond the Artificial-Natural Binary::::::::::::: 4
Jaime del Val
Robot: The Modern Age Golem:::::::::::::::::::::::::: 5
Jana Horakova
Artificial Responsibility::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 7
J. Storrs Hall
An Approach Towards the Embodied (Nonhuman) Mind:::: 8
Rachel Armstrong
What do Cars Think of Trolley Problems: Ethics for
Autonomous Cars:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 12
Anders Sandberg and Heather Bradshaw-Martin
II Regular papers
Artificial or Natural Intelligence? :::::::::::::::::::::::: 15
Vladimír Havlík
IX
Syntactic Processing in the Behavior-Based Architecture of
the Mind ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 28
Tzu-Wei Hung
Shared in Confidence: a Machine to a Machine::::::::::::: 41
Ivana Uspenski
In the Machine We Trust ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 58
Jelena Guga
The Impact of Legal Rights for AGI in the Speculative Future 69
Grace Halden
Creating Free Will in Artificial Intelligence :::::::::::::::: 96
Alžběta Krausová and Hananel Hazan
Soft Competence Model for Case Based Reasoning ::::::::: 110
Abir Smiti and Zied Elouedi
In Search for Memory :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 122
Ondřej Beran
X