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Better Looking, Better Living, Better Loving: How Chemistry can Help You Achieve Life's Goals PDF

243 Pages·2007·1.64 MB·English
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John Emsley Better Looking, Better Living, Better Loving Better Looking, Better Living, Better Loving. John Emsley Copyright © 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim ISBN 978-3-527-31863-6 1807 – 2007 Knowledge for Generations Each generation has its unique needs and aspirations. When Charles Wiley first opened his small printing shop in lower Manhattan in 1807, it was a generation of boundless potential searching for an iden- tity. And we were there, helping to define a new American literary tra- dition. Over half a century later, in the midst of the Second Industrial Revolution, it was a generation focused on building the future. Once again, we were there, supplying the critical scientific, technical, and engineering knowledge that helped frame the world. Throughout the 20th Century, and into the new millennium, nations began to reach out beyond their own borders and a new international community was born. Wiley was there, expanding its operations around the world to enable a global exchange of ideas, opinions, and know-how. For 200 years, Wiley has been an integral part of each generation’s journey, enabling the flow of information and understanding neces- sary to meet their needs and fulfill their aspirations. Today, bold new technologies are changing the way we live and learn. Wiley will be the- re, providing you the must-have knowledge you need to imagine new worlds, new possibilities, and new opportunities. Generations come and go, but you can always count on Wiley to provide you the knowledge you need, when and where you need it! William J. Pesce Peter Booth Wiley President and Chief Executive Officer Chairman of the Board John Emsley Better Looking, Better Living, Better Loving How Chemistry can Help You Achieve Life’s Goals The Author All books published by Wiley-VCH are care- fully produced. Nevertheless, authors, editors, Dr. John Emsley and publisher do not warrant the information Alameda Lodge contained in these books, including this book, 23A Alameda Road to be free of errors. Readers are advised to Ampthill, Bedfordshire, MK45 2LA keep in mind that statements, data, illustra- United Kingdom tions, procedural details or other items may inadvertently be inaccurate. Library of Congress Card No.: applied for The moral rights of the author have been British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data asserted. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this pu- blication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de. © 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim All rights reserved (including those of trans- lation into other languages). No part of this book may be reproduced in any form – by pho- toprinting, microfilm, or any other means – nor transmitted or translated into a machine language without written permission from the publishers. Registered names, trademarks, etc. used in this book, even when not specifi- cally marked as such, are not to be considered unprotected by law. Typesetting TypoDesign Hecker GmbH, Leimen Printing Ebner & Spiegel GmbH, Ulm Binding Ebner & Spiegel GmbH, Ulm Cover Design Himmelfarb Grafik und Webdesign, Schwetzingen www.himmelfarb.de Wiley Bicentennial Logo Richard J. Pacifico Printed in the Federal Republic of Germany Printed on acid-free paper ISBN: 978-3-527-31863-6 Contents Explaining the Things We Use Now – and News from the Future IX Acknowledgements XI Things to Bear in Mind 1 Food Calories 1 Organic 1 Trade Names 1 Money 2 Large and Small Measures 2 Chemical Names 2 News from the Future 3 Glossary 3 Introduction – The Right Chemistry 5 1 Better Looking (I): Hair, Eyes, Teeth, Nails 9 News from the Future 9 Crowning Glory 10 Thinning on Top 15 I Can See Clearly Now … 20 A Gleaming Smile 25 Nailed 31 2 Better Looking (II) and Better Living (I): Medical Advances 37 News from the Future 37 Skin Diseases: Acne, Eczema, and Psoriasis 38 Better Looking, Better Living, Better Loving. John Emsley V Copyright © 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim ISBN 978-3-527-31863-6 Acne 40 Eczema 42 Psoriasis 44 An Agile or Fragile Old Age? 46 Carbohydrate as Cures 54 Anaesthetics 60 3 Better Loving: The Not-so-dirty Weekend 67 News from the Future 67 Smelly Chemistry 68 Wash All My Cares Away 72 It’s the Pits, Man 75 Antiperspirants 78 Deodorants 81 Something for the Weekend, Sir? 83 We Just Got Carried Away Mum 88 4 Better Living (II): Improving Our Diet 93 News from the Future 93 Carbohydrates 95 Manna from Heaven … 101 Low I Means Low IQ 105 2 Functional Foods 110 Crap Food? Feeding the Fifty Billion 114 Hot, Hot, Hot 118 5 Better Living (III): Minor Metals for Major Advances 125 News from the Future 125 Solar Panels Provide Photovoltaic (PV) Power 126 Glass is Green 137 The Magic of Titanium 141 The Future’s Blue 147 VI Contents 6 Better Living (IV): Chemistry in the Home 153 News from the Future 153 Wash All My Troubles Away: Laundry Aids 154 Surfactants 159 Foam Regulators 161 Builders 161 Anti-redeposition Agents 163 Dye Transfer Inhibitors 164 Peroxide Bleach and Bleach Activators 164 Fluorescing Agents 166 Fragrances 167 Fabric Softeners 167 All Washed Up? 169 Malodours and Air Fresheners 172 7 Better Looking (II): The Art of the Chemist 177 News from the Future 177 Colour 179 Red 180 Blue 184 Yellow 186 Green 187 Purple 188 Brown 188 Black 189 White 189 Oils and Varnishes 190 Analysis 191 Conservation 194 Restoration 197 Frauds and Fakes 200 Glossary 205 Index 217 Contents VII

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