B E R L I N R E P L AY E D Wagner.indd 1 26/10/2015 2:28:13 PM Wagner.indd 2 26/10/2015 2:28:13 PM B E R L I N R E P L A Y E D Cinema and Urban Nostalgia in the Postwall Era Brigitta B. Wagner UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA PRESS MINNEAPOLIS • LONDON Wagner.indd 3 26/10/2015 2:28:14 PM A portion of chapter 4 previously appeared in “10 August 1994: One Month after X-Filme Founding, Filmboard Berlin–Brandenburg Paves Way for New Productions in the German Capital,” in A New History of German Cinema, ed. Jennifer M. Kapczynski and Michael D. Richardson, 530–36 (Rochester, N.Y.: Camden House, 2012). The author gratefully acknowledges the DEFA Foundation for generously providing selected images for this book. http://www.defa.stiftung.de/ Copyright 2015 by the Regents of the University of Minnesota All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Published by the University of Minnesota Press 111 Third Avenue South, Suite 290 Minneapolis, MN 55401-2520 http://www.upress.umn.edu Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Wagner, Brigitta B. Berlin replayed: cinema and urban nostalgia in the postwall era / Brigitta B. Wagner. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8166-9171-5 (hc) ISBN 978-0-8166-9174-6 (pb) 1. Berlin (Germany)—In motion pictures. 2. Berlin (Germany)— Civilization—20th century. 3. Cities and towns in motion pictures. I. Title. PN1995.9.B47W34 2015 791.430943´155—dc23 2014043040 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper The University of Minnesota is an equal-opportunity educator and employer. 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Wagner.indd 4 26/10/2015 2:28:14 PM To Gertrud, Heinz, and Bernhard Wagner, drei Berliner Kinder Wagner.indd 5 26/10/2015 2:28:14 PM This page intentionally left blank C O N T E N T S Abbreviations and Terms ix Introduction: Auf Wiedersehen, Berlin! 1 1 Remake Berlin Symphonies and the Myth of the Weltstadt 23 2 Generation A 1950s Place for Us 83 3 Virtuality Cinema, Archive, and the Interactive Map of Potsdamer Platz 139 4 Orientation Geographical Didacticism and the X-Films of New Berlin 189 Epilogue: Berlin Returns, Again 233 Acknowledgments 243 Notes 245 Filmography 285 Index 291 Wagner.indd 7 26/10/2015 2:28:14 PM This page intentionally left blank A B B R E V I AT I O N S A N D T E R M S BArch Bundesarchiv-Filmarchiv (Federal Film Archives) BFF Berliner Filmförderung (Berlin Film Funding) BPB Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (Federal Agency for Civic Education) Bundestag German Parliament CDU Christlich Demokratische Union (Christian Democratic Union) CGI computer-generated imagery DEFA Deutsche Filmaktiengesellschaft (German Film Company) DFFB Deutsche Film- und Fernsehakademie Berlin (German Film and Television Academy Berlin) DFFF Deutsche Filmförderfonds (German Federal Film Fund) DK Deutsche Kinemathek (German Cinemathèque) FBBB Filmboard Berlin–Brandenburg (regional film funding body for Berlin and Brandenburg from 1994 to 2004) FDJ Freie Deutsche Jugend (Free German Youth) FFA Filmförderungsanstalt (German Federal Film Board) FRG (BRD) Federal Republic of Germany, the official name of West Germany and Germany today (Bundesrepublik Deutschland); “Germany” used with films designates German productions released before the end of the Second World War in 1945 GDR (DDR) German Democratic Republic, the official name of East Germany (Deutsche Demokratische Republik), 1949–89 GmbH Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung (limited liability company) ix Wagner.indd 9 26/10/2015 2:28:14 PM