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Beowulf and Other Old English Poems PDF

292 Pages·2011·1.26 MB·English
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BEOWULF AND OTHER OLD ENGLISH POEMS This page intentionally left blank BEOWULF AND OTHER OLD ENGLISH POEMS Edited and translated by CRAIG WILLIAMSON With a foreword by TOM SHIPPEY UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA PRESS PHILADELPHIA Copyright(cid:1)2011UniversityofPennsylvaniaPress Allrightsreserved.Exceptforbriefquotationsusedforpurposes ofrevieworscholarlycitation, noneofthisbookmaybereproducedinanyformbyanymeans withoutwrittenpermissionfromthepublisher. Publishedby UniversityofPennsylvaniaPress Philadelphia,Pennsylvania19104-4112 www.upenn.edu/pennpress PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericaonacid-freepaper 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData ISBN978-0-8122-4345-1 Th is book is dedicated to J. R. R. Tolkien, who fi rst drew me into the medieval world through the gates of Middle-earth; to the teachers and scholars who taught me the language—especially Jim Rosier, Ted Irving, John Pope, Bruce Mitchell; to my children— Telory, Caden, Marc, and Milena— who listened to the poems and loved to tell riddles; to my Mother and Father who helped me fi nd my way; to my wife and fellow traveler Raima Evan, who has been my steadfast companion in words and worlds; and to the unknown poets who wrote or chanted these poems. Th e poets pass over; the poems pass on. This page intentionally left blank CONTENTS ForewordbyTomShippey ix Noteon Editions xxvii GuidetoPronouncingOldEnglish xxix OnTranslatingOldEnglish Poetry 1 BEOWULF Introduction 21 Beowulf 37 OTHER OLD ENGLISH POEMS ANoteonGenres 125 HeroicorHistoricalPoems 127 TheBattleofMaldon 128 Deor 138 Elegies 143 TheWanderer 144 TheSeafarer 150 TheWife’s Lament 155 WulfandEadwacer 158 SelectedExeterBookRiddles 161 Riddles 164 viii | CONTENTS GnomicorWisdomPoems 178 MaximsII(CottonMaxims) 179 Charms 183 TheFortunesofMen 186 Religious Poems 190 Cædmon’sHymn 191 Physiologus:PantherandWhale 193 Vainglory 199 TwoAdventLyrics 203 TheDreamoftheRood 207 AppendixA.“Digressions”:Battles,Feuds,and FamilyStrifeinBeowulf 215 AppendixB.GenealogiesinBeowulf 220 AppendixC.TwoScandinavianAnaloguesofBeowulf 223 AppendixD.PossibleRiddleSolutions 228 GlossaryofProperNames 237 Bibliography 245 Index 253 Acknowledgments 256

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Foreword by Tom Shippey The best-known literary achievement of Anglo-Saxon England, "Beowulf", is a poem concerned with monsters and heroes, treasure and transience, feuds and fidelity. Composed sometime between 500 and 1000 C.E. and surviving in a single manuscript, it is at once immediately access
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