Belfast: Approach to Crisis: A Study of Belfast Politics 1613–1970 PDF
Preview Belfast: Approach to Crisis: A Study of Belfast Politics 1613–1970
BELFAST: APPROACH TO CRISIS Also by Ian Budge Scottish Political Behaviour (with D. W. Urwin) Agreement and the Stability of Democracy Political Stratification and Democracy (with J. A. Brand, Michael Margolis and A. L. M. Smith) Also by Cornelius 0' Leary The Irish Republic and its Experiment with Proportional Representation The Elimination of Corrupt Practices in British Elections I 868-I g I I Belfast: Approach to Crisis A STUDY OF BELFAST POLITICS 1613-1970 IAN BUDGE Reader, Department of Government University of Essex CORNELIUS O'LEARY Reader, Department of Political Science The Queen's University of Belfast Palgrave Macmillan © Ian Budge and Cornelius O'Leary 973 I Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1973 978-0-333-01708-1 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without permission. First published 1973 by THE MACMILLAN PRESS LTD London and Basingstoke Associated companies in New York Toronto Dublin Melbourne Johannesburg and Madras ISBN 978-1-349-00128-6 ISBN 978-1-349-00126-2 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-00126-2 Library of Congress catalog card no. 72-85194 Contents ~ifru~ ~ Introduction x1 Map of Belfast xxu I The Early Years: I6I3-I832 I 2 The Age of john Bates: I832-55 4I 3 The Age of Riots: I855-74 73 4 The Age of Consolidation: I874-I920 IOI 5 I920 and After I36 6 Local Elections and Party Competition: I897-I967 I73 7 Party Images and Voting Choice: I g66 I 99 8 Class and Religion in Belfast 228 9 Influences on General Political Attitudes: Class, Religion, Party and Activism 249 10 Recruitment of Activists 264 I I Representation 284 I2 Political Communication 3I9 I3 Support for Established Institutions, Cross-cutting and the Reactions of Political Moderates 355 I4 Conclusions 372 Appendix A: Survey Method 380 Index 39I List of Tables I. I Numbers of Linen and Cotton Looms in Belfast I 76o- I8IO I. 2 Population of Belfast Borough I 8o I-I 96 I I ·3 Comparative Population Growth I ·4 Area within Belfast Municipal Boundaries: At Dates of Major Expansions I6I3-I966 I ·5 Birthplaces of Belfast Population I84I-I96I I .6 Roman Catholics in the Belfast Population: Various Dates I659-I96I 3.I Religious Riots in Belfast I8I3-I9I2 5.I Distribution of Seats between New Wards for the Belfast Municipal Election I920 (P.R.) 5.2 Distribution of First Preference Votes and of Seats Won for the Belfast Municipal Election I920 (P.R.) 6. I Proportion of Adults Enfranchised in Belfast and Com parable British Cities I90I-66 6.2 Belfast Local Electors and Non-Electors Compared on Background Characteristics 6.3 Belfast Local Electors and Non-electors Compared on Reactions to Current Issues and Perception of Most Important Problem Facing Belfast Corporation 6.4 Participation in Belfast Municipal Elections I897-I967 6.5 Average Participation in Municipal Elections in Belfast and Comparable British Cities, for the Pre-war, Inter war and Post-war Periods 6.6 Mutually Independent Effects of Franchise Restrictions, Numbers of Seats Contested, and Voluntary Turnout, on Percentage of Adults Voting in Belfast Municipal Elections I897-I967 6. 7 Council Seats Gained by Local Parties in Belfast I 897- I967 6.8 Percentage of Votes Cast for Local Parties in Belfast I897-I967 7. I Belfast Residents: Likes and Dislikes about Parties Belfast: Approach to Crisis Vlll 7.2 Belfast Residents: Images of the Local Parties 7 ·3 Party Identifications of Belfast Residents I g66 7·4 Belfast Residents: Party Identification in Ig66 and Local Election Vote I g64 7·5 Belfast Residents: Voting in the Stormont and Local Elections 7.6 Belfast Residents: Class and Party Identification 7. 7 Belfast Residents: Class and Religious Influences on Party Identification for Men and Women 7.8 Belfast Residents: Class and Religious Influences on Party Identification within Each Age Group 7 .g Belfast Residents: Relationship between Various Com bined Class Characteristics and Support of the Unionist Party 7. I o Belfast Residents: Religious Affiliations, Church Atten dance and Party Identification 7.I I Belfast Residents: Effects of Class and Religion upon Unionist Support 7. I 2 Belfast Residents and Councillors: Perceptions of Class Voting 7. 3 Belfast Residents and Councillors: Perceptions of Reli I gious Voting 8.I Distribution of the Work Force over Occupational Classes in Glasgow and Belfast in I g66 8.2 Belfast Councillors: Distribution of Occupations by Party Identification 8.3 Belfast Residents: Occupation and Length of Education 8.4 Belfast Councillors: Occupation and Length of Educa tion 8.5 Belfast Residents and Councillors: Occupation and Trade Union/Professional Organisations 8.6 Belfast Residents and Councillors: Self-perceived Class 8. 7 Belfast Residents and Councillors: Occupation and Self perceived Class 8.8 Descriptions of People in the Middle and Working Class, by Various Subjective Class Groups of Councillors and Residents in Glasgow and Belfast 8.g Religious Identification of Belfast Councillors and Residents g. Belfast Residents and Councillors: Religious Affiliation I List of Tables lX and Preferences on the Integration of Catholics and Protestants on Corporation Housing Estates g.2 Belfast Residents and Councillors: Religious Affiliation and Choices between Religious and Class Affiliations 9·3 Comparison of the Effects of Class, Religion, Party and Activism over Political Attitudes in Belfast and Glasgow IO.I Reasons Given by Belfast Councillors for First Becoming Active in Politics I0.2 Reasons Given by Belfast Councillors for First Standing for Council I0.3 Reasons Given by Belfast Councillors for Continuing to Stand for Re-election to the Council 10.4 Single Effect Parameters for the Influence of Each Background Characteristic on the Distinction between Councillors and Residents in Belfast I0.5 Mutually Independent Effects of Each Background Characteristic on the Distinction between Councillors and Residents Io.6 Mutually Independent Effects ofOccupational and Other Factors on the Distinction between Councillors and Residents among Unionists and Non-Unionists I I. I Responsibilities of Belfast Councillors as Perceived by Residents and Councillors I I .2 Perceived Responsibilities of Belfast Councillors as Divided between Ward Roles, City Roles and Two Types of Mixed Role I I ·3 Preferences on Four Current Issues Expressed by Belfast Residents and Councillors I I ·4 Correspondence of Councillors' and Ward Residents' Preferences on Five Current Issues I I ·5 Correspondence of Councillors' and Ward Residents' Preferences on Five Current Issues by Councillor Role I I .6 Correspondence of Councillors' own Preferences and their Appraisals of their Ward Residents' Preferences on Four Current Issues I I. 7 Accuracy of Councillors' Appraisals of Ward Residents' Preferences on Four Current Issues I I .8 Unionist Councillors: Appraisals of Constituents' Prefer ences over Current Issues, by own Preferences I I .g Belfast Residents' Perceptions of Northern Ireland Labour Party Position on Four Current Issues x Belfast: Approach to Crisis I I. 10 Belfast Residents' Perceptions of the Unionist Position on Four Current Issues I I. I I Belfast Residents' Perceptions of the Nationalist Position on Four Current Issues I I. I 2 Correspondence of Councillors' and Ward Residents' Preferences on Five Current Issues, by Party and Com petition within the Ward I I. I 3 Accuracy of Councillors' Appraisals of Ward Residents' Preferences on Four Current Issues, by Party and Competition within the Ward I I.I4 Correspondence of Councillors' and Ward Residents' Preferences on Five Current Issues in High and Low Turnout Wards I2.I How Belfast Residents and Councillors Heard about Four Current Issues I2.2 How Belfast Residents Would Find Out More about Issues, as a Whole and by Party Groups I2.3 How Belfast Councillors Would Find Out about Constituents' Opinions I2-4 Belfast Residents: Best sources of Political Information I2.5 Belfast Residents: Quantity of Political Information Available from the Mass Media I 2.6 Parts of Newspapers Read First by Belfast Residents I 2. 7 Belfast Residents: Quality of Political Information Available from the Mass Media I2.8 Preferences of Belfast Municipal Correspondents over Five Current Issues I2.g Belfast Municipal Correspondents' Appraisals of Opinion over Four Current Issues I2.IO Methods used by Glasgow and Belfast Correspondents to Discover Popular Opinion, on Four Current Issues I2.I I Belfast Councillors' Appraisals of Means and Obstacles to Bringing Issues to General Attention I2.I2 Belfast Councillors' Appraisals of Means and Obstacles to Keeping Issues from General Attention I 3. I Belfast Unionist Councillors and Residents adopting Conciliatory Preference on Politico-Religious Issues: Cross-cutting on Issue Preferences A. I Comparison of Sample and Population Percentages, Various Characteristics
The list of books you might like
