Beginning Mac OS X Snow Leopard Server: From Solo Install to Enterprise Integration

641 Pages·2010·73.253 MB·English

by  Charles Edge, Chris Barker, Ken Barker, Ehren Schwiebert

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Beginning Mac OS X
Snow Leopard Server
From Solo Install to Enterprise Integration

■ ■ ■
Charles S. Edge, Jr
Chris Barker
Ehren Schwiebert

i
Beginning Mac OS X Snow Leopard Server: From Solo Install to Enterprise Integration
Copyright © 2010 by Charles Edge, Chris Barker, Ehren Schwiebert
All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any
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ISBN-13 (pbk): 978-1-4302-2772-4
ISBN-13 (electronic): 978-1-4302-2773-1
Printed and bound in the United States of America 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
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Publisher and President: Paul Manning
Lead Editor: Clay Andres
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Editorial Board: Clay Andres, Steve Anglin, Mark Beckner, Ewan Buckingham, Gary Cornell,
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ii
To Lisa & Emerald With Love
– Charles Edge

To my loved ones
– Chris Barker

To Caroline, Luke, and Mayah
– Ehren Schwiebert

iii
Contents at a Glance
■Contents at a Glance...................................................................................................iv
■Contents.......................................................................................................................v
■About the Authors.....................................................................................................xiii
■About the Technical Reviewers................................................................................xiv
■Acknowledgments.....................................................................................................xv
■Chapter 1: Welcome to OS X Server............................................................................1
■Chapter 2: Setting Up a Server in 30 Minutes or Less..............................................11
■Chapter 3: Getting Deeper into File Sharing..............................................................45
■Chapter 4: Managing Directory Services................................................................101
■Chapter 5: Controlling Network Traffic...................................................................149
■Chapter 6: Centralizing Network Services..............................................................173
■Chapter 7: Configuring Network Services for Security...........................................203
■Chapter 8: Managing Client Computers with NetBoot,
NetInstall, and NetRestore................................................................................227
■Chapter 9: Configuring Address Book Server.........................................................259
■Chapter 10: Working with iCal Server....................................................................277
■Chapter 11: iChat Server.........................................................................................303
■Chapter 12: Setting Up Mail Services.....................................................................317
■Chapter 13: Setting Up Services for Mobile Devices...............................................339
■Chapter 14: Web Servers........................................................................................357
■Chapter 15: Managing MySQL.................................................................................397
■Chapter 16: Using Podcast Producer......................................................................417
■Chapter 17: Streaming QuickTime Video................................................................453
■Chapter 18: Sharing Files.......................................................................................473
■Chapter 19: Setting Up Printing Services...............................................................505
■Chapter 20: Backing Up Your Data..........................................................................533
■Chapter 21: Configuring Software Update Server...................................................557
■Appendix A: DHCP Option Numbers........................................................................569
■Appendix B: Taking It to the Next Level..................................................................575
■Index.......................................................................................................................577
iv
Contents
■Contents at a Glance.......................................................................................iv(cid:1)
■Contents..........................................................................................................v(cid:1)
■About the Authors ........................................................................................xiii(cid:1)
■About the Technical Reviewers.....................................................................xiv(cid:1)
■Acknowledgments..........................................................................................xv(cid:1)

■Chapter 1: Welcome to OS X Server................................................................1(cid:1)
What Is a Server Anyway?......................................................................................................................................2(cid:1)
What This Book Is...................................................................................................................................................2(cid:1)
How This Book Is Organized...................................................................................................................................3(cid:1)
Before You Begin....................................................................................................................................................6(cid:1)
Hardware...........................................................................................................................................................6(cid:1)
Get Ready!..............................................................................................................................................................7(cid:1)
Summary................................................................................................................................................................9(cid:1)
■Chapter 2: Setting Up a Server in 30 Minutes or Less...................................11(cid:1)
Before You Begin..................................................................................................................................................11(cid:1)
Network Considerations...................................................................................................................................12(cid:1)
Installing Mac OS X Server 10.6...........................................................................................................................13(cid:1)
Welcome to Mac OS X Server 10.6.......................................................................................................................17(cid:1)
Creating the Administrator Account.................................................................................................................20(cid:1)
Configuring the Network Interface...................................................................................................................22(cid:1)
What to Do After Server Setup Completes.......................................................................................................24(cid:1)
Building the Fileserver.....................................................................................................................................29(cid:1)
Summary..............................................................................................................................................................43(cid:1)
■Chapter 3: Getting Deeper into File Sharing..................................................45(cid:1)
Installing the Server Administration Tools............................................................................................................45(cid:1)
Adding a Server to Server Admin..........................................................................................................................46(cid:1)
Server Admin Basics.............................................................................................................................................49(cid:1)
Apple Filing Protocol (AFP)....................................................................................................................................55(cid:1)
AFP’s Main Settings.........................................................................................................................................56(cid:1)
(cid:1)

v
■ CONTENTS
Server Message Block (SMB)................................................................................................................................84(cid:1)
SMB’s Main Settings........................................................................................................................................84(cid:1)
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)...................................................................................................................................91(cid:1)
FTP’s Main Settings.........................................................................................................................................91(cid:1)
Network File System (NFS)...................................................................................................................................98(cid:1)
NFS’s Main Settings.........................................................................................................................................98(cid:1)
Summary............................................................................................................................................................100(cid:1)
■Chapter 4: Managing Directory Services.....................................................101(cid:1)
Understanding the Components of a Directory Service......................................................................................101(cid:1)
LDAP..............................................................................................................................................................102(cid:1)
Kerberos........................................................................................................................................................103(cid:1)
Password Server............................................................................................................................................104(cid:1)
Preparing to Set Up Open Directory....................................................................................................................104(cid:1)
Understanding Open Directory Roles..................................................................................................................105(cid:1)
Setting Up an Open Directory Master............................................................................................................105(cid:1)
Configuring an Open Directory Replica..........................................................................................................107(cid:1)
Managing Open Directory...................................................................................................................................109(cid:1)
Securing Open Directory................................................................................................................................109(cid:1)
Backing Up Open Directory............................................................................................................................114(cid:1)
Managing Objects with Workgroup Manager.....................................................................................................116(cid:1)
Using Server Preferences..............................................................................................................................116(cid:1)
Using Workgroup Manager............................................................................................................................123(cid:1)
Configuring Policies.......................................................................................................................................132(cid:1)
Inspecting Records........................................................................................................................................140(cid:1)
Binding Clients....................................................................................................................................................142(cid:1)
Implementing Trusted Binding from the Accounts System Preference Pane................................................143(cid:1)
Binding with Directory Utility.........................................................................................................................143(cid:1)
Using the Kerberos Realm.............................................................................................................................147(cid:1)
Search Policies..............................................................................................................................................147(cid:1)
Summary............................................................................................................................................................148(cid:1)
■Chapter 5: Controlling Network Traffic........................................................149(cid:1)
Using Mac OS X Server as a Router....................................................................................................................149(cid:1)
How Network Address Translation Works.....................................................................................................150(cid:1)
Using the Gateway Setup Assistant...............................................................................................................151(cid:1)
Manually Enabling NAT..................................................................................................................................156(cid:1)
Testing NAT from a Client..............................................................................................................................157(cid:1)
Setting Up Forwarding Ports..........................................................................................................................159(cid:1)
Setting the Advanced Options........................................................................................................................161(cid:1)
Using the Firewall to Control Access to the Server.............................................................................................162(cid:1)
Setting Up the Firewall..................................................................................................................................163(cid:1)
Defining Address Groups...............................................................................................................................163(cid:1)
Defining Services...........................................................................................................................................165(cid:1)
Creating Rules................................................................................................................................................167(cid:1)
Preventing Intrusions.....................................................................................................................................169(cid:1)
Setting the Global Firewall Options................................................................................................................169(cid:1)
Configuring the Firewall from the Command Line.........................................................................................169(cid:1)
Testing the Firewall.......................................................................................................................................170(cid:1)
Summary............................................................................................................................................................171(cid:1)
■Chapter 6: Centralizing Network Services ..................................................173(cid:1)
DHCP...................................................................................................................................................................173(cid:1)
Creating a Subnet..........................................................................................................................................177(cid:1)
vi
■ CONTENTS
Reserving IP Addresses.................................................................................................................................184(cid:1)
DHCP Options.................................................................................................................................................186(cid:1)
Enabling DHCP Relay.....................................................................................................................................187(cid:1)
DNS.....................................................................................................................................................................188(cid:1)
Zones and Records........................................................................................................................................189(cid:1)
Setting Up DNS..............................................................................................................................................189(cid:1)
Adding a Zone................................................................................................................................................192(cid:1)
Creating Records...........................................................................................................................................193(cid:1)
Setting Up Wide-Area Bonjour.......................................................................................................................194(cid:1)
Configuring Secondary Zones........................................................................................................................197(cid:1)
Editing Configuration Files.............................................................................................................................198(cid:1)
Editing Zone Files...........................................................................................................................................199(cid:1)
OpenDNS Web Content Filtering....................................................................................................................200(cid:1)
Summary............................................................................................................................................................201(cid:1)
■Chapter 7: Configuring Network Services for Security ...............................203(cid:1)
Virtual Private Networking..................................................................................................................................204(cid:1)
Setting Up a PPTP Server...............................................................................................................................206(cid:1)
L2TP Servers..................................................................................................................................................208(cid:1)
VPN Clients....................................................................................................................................................210(cid:1)
Configuring the VPN from the Command Line...............................................................................................219(cid:1)
S2SVPN..........................................................................................................................................................219(cid:1)
RADIUS................................................................................................................................................................220(cid:1)
Setting Up the RADIUS Service......................................................................................................................220(cid:1)
Setting Up the Apple AirPort..........................................................................................................................222(cid:1)
Connecting to Cisco.......................................................................................................................................223(cid:1)
From the Command Line................................................................................................................................224(cid:1)
Limiting Access to the VPN and RADIUS Services..............................................................................................225(cid:1)
■Chapter 8: Managing Client Computers with NetBoot,
NetInstall, and NetRestore.....................................................................227(cid:1)
Developing an Imaging Strategy.........................................................................................................................229(cid:1)
Activating the NetBoot Service...........................................................................................................................230(cid:1)
Using System Image Utility.................................................................................................................................231(cid:1)
Creating a NetBoot Image..............................................................................................................................231(cid:1)
Creating a NetInstall Image...........................................................................................................................235(cid:1)
Creating a NetRestore Image.........................................................................................................................238(cid:1)
Configuring the NetBoot Service.........................................................................................................................242(cid:1)
Apple Software Restore and Multicast Imaging: a NetRestore Alternative.........................................................247(cid:1)
Creating an Image for asr..............................................................................................................................248(cid:1)
Configuring asr for Multicast Imaging...........................................................................................................250(cid:1)
Imaging a Client over asr...............................................................................................................................253(cid:1)
Automations...................................................................................................................................................254(cid:1)
NetBooting Client Systems.................................................................................................................................257(cid:1)
Summary............................................................................................................................................................258(cid:1)
■Chapter 9: Configuring Address Book Server..............................................259(cid:1)
Address Book Services.......................................................................................................................................260(cid:1)
Setting Up Address Book Server.........................................................................................................................260(cid:1)
Configuring with Server Preferences.............................................................................................................260(cid:1)
Configuring with Server Admin......................................................................................................................262(cid:1)
Connecting to the Address Book Server........................................................................................................266(cid:1)
Using the Client..............................................................................................................................................269(cid:1)
Controlling Access.........................................................................................................................................271(cid:1)
vii
■ CONTENTS
Backing Up Address Books............................................................................................................................272(cid:1)
Leveraging the Command Line...........................................................................................................................273(cid:1)
Alternatives to Apple’s Address Book Server......................................................................................................275(cid:1)
Summary............................................................................................................................................................276(cid:1)
■Chapter 10: Working with iCal Server.........................................................277(cid:1)
Getting Ready to Install iCal Server....................................................................................................................277(cid:1)
Configuring iCal Server..................................................................................................................................278(cid:1)
Managing the iCal Server....................................................................................................................................283(cid:1)
Backing Up Calendars....................................................................................................................................284(cid:1)
Clustering CalDAV..........................................................................................................................................284(cid:1)
Integrating with a Wiki...................................................................................................................................285(cid:1)
Integrating with Mail......................................................................................................................................286(cid:1)
Enabling Calendars for Users..............................................................................................................................288(cid:1)
Configuring iCal Clients.......................................................................................................................................289(cid:1)
Setting Up iCal Clients for Microsoft Windows...................................................................................................296(cid:1)
Using the Command Line for iCal Services.........................................................................................................296(cid:1)
Configuring Services with serveradmin.........................................................................................................296(cid:1)
Troubleshooting iCal Server...........................................................................................................................299(cid:1)
Summary............................................................................................................................................................300(cid:1)
■Chapter 11: iChat Server.............................................................................303(cid:1)
Setting Up iChat Server.......................................................................................................................................304(cid:1)
Setting Up iChat Server Using Server Preferences........................................................................................304(cid:1)
Setting Up iChat Server Using Server Admin.................................................................................................305(cid:1)
Configuring Advanced Features.....................................................................................................................306(cid:1)
Setting Up Users............................................................................................................................................308(cid:1)
Connecting Remotely.....................................................................................................................................309(cid:1)
Prepopulating Buddy Lists.............................................................................................................................310(cid:1)
Customizing the Welcome Message..............................................................................................................310(cid:1)
Federating iChat..................................................................................................................................................311(cid:1)
Configuring the Mac OS X Client.........................................................................................................................312(cid:1)
Setting Up Clients..........................................................................................................................................312(cid:1)
Saving iChat Transcripts................................................................................................................................313(cid:1)
Using the Command Line....................................................................................................................................314(cid:1)
Using serveradmin.........................................................................................................................................315(cid:1)
Storing Jabber Configuration Files................................................................................................................315(cid:1)
Summary............................................................................................................................................................316(cid:1)
■Chapter 12: Setting Up Mail Services..........................................................317(cid:1)
Understanding Mac OS X Server’s Mail Components.........................................................................................317(cid:1)
Protocols........................................................................................................................................................318(cid:1)
Dovecot..........................................................................................................................................................318(cid:1)
Preparing for a Mail Server.................................................................................................................................319(cid:1)
DNS................................................................................................................................................................319(cid:1)
Firewalls........................................................................................................................................................320(cid:1)
Enabling Mail Services........................................................................................................................................320(cid:1)
Server Preferences........................................................................................................................................320(cid:1)
Server Admin.................................................................................................................................................321(cid:1)
Basic Message Hygiene.................................................................................................................................322(cid:1)
Choosing Security Protocols..........................................................................................................................324(cid:1)
Storage..........................................................................................................................................................324(cid:1)
Configuring SMTP..........................................................................................................................................325(cid:1)
Securing Mail Services..................................................................................................................................326(cid:1)
viii