Beginning Game Development with Python and Pygame

342 Pages·2007·8.61 MB·English

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Beginning Game Development with Python and Pygame:
From Novice to Professional
Beginning
Dear Reader,
G
Beginning
Creating computer games is a fascinating combination of an art and a science, and
can make a rewarding career or hobby. Do you know you can write cutting-edge a
games that run on Windows, Linux, and Mac OS X with open source technologies m
and freely available tools?
Game
In this book, I introduce you to Python—a powerful, dynamic language—
e
and explain how to use the Pygame library to quickly develop compelling
games. I also explain how to create three-dimensional graphics using OpenGL,
D
the technology behind many commercial games, such as the Quake series.
e
My aim for Beginning Game Development with Python and Pygame is v
e
to make game development accessible to as wide an audience as possible. l
o
Previous programming experience is useful but not essential, because the p Development
first two chapters introduce the Python programming language—or serve as a wm
refresher course if you are already familiar with Python. Further chapters cover ie
tn
how to use Pygame to set up a graphical display, draw to the screen, handle ht

events, and read input devices. I also talk you through essential topics such as P
creating game characters with artificial intelligence and playing sound (includ-
y
ing music).
Four chapters are devoted to the topic of three-dimensional graphics in t
games, and show you how to manipulate objects in a virtual world and render h Python Pygame
impressive visuals with lighting and special effects. The math involved in pro- o with and
gramming a game with three-dimensional graphics can be intimidating, but I
explain it in visual terms rather than the more traditional pure mathematical n
approach you find in textbooks. I also share with you a few of the tips and tricks

I have picked up over the years in my career as a professional game developer. a
n
I hope to be playing one of your Pygame creations in the future! d From Novice to Professional

Will McGugan P
y
Companion eBook g
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Beginning Python: Beginning Game Development

From Novice to Professional with Python and Pygame
See last page for details
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Will McGugan
SOURCE CODE ONLINE ISBN-13: 978-1-59059-872-6 cG
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User level:
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8725.book Page i Wednesday, September 26, 2007 8:08 PM
Beginning Game
Development with
Python and Pygame
From Novice to Professional
■ ■ ■
Will McGugan
8725.book Page ii Wednesday, September 26, 2007 8:08 PM
Beginning Game Development with Python and Pygame: From Novice to Professional
Copyright © 2007 by Will McGugan
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ISBN-10 (pbk): 1-59059-872-5
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For Maria
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Contents at a Glance
About the Author . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
About the Technical Reviewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xvii
Acknowledgments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xix
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xxi
■ CHAPTER 1 Introducing Python. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
■ CHAPTER 2 Exploring Python. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
■ CHAPTER 3 Introducing Pygame. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
■ CHAPTER 4 Creating Visuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
■ CHAPTER 5 Making Things Move . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
■ CHAPTER 6 Accepting User Input. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
■ CHAPTER 7 Take Me to Your Leader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
■ CHAPTER 8 Moving into the Third Dimension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
■ CHAPTER 9 Exploring the Third Dimension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
■ CHAPTER 10 Making Things Go Boom. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
■ CHAPTER 11 Lights, Camera, Action! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
■ CHAPTER 12 Setting the Scene withOpenGL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
■ APPENDIX A Game Object Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
■ APPENDIX B Packaging Your Game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
■ INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
v
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Contents
About the Author . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xv
About the Technical Reviewer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xvii
Acknowledgments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi
■ CHAPTER 1 Introducing Python . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Your First Look at Python . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Numbers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Strings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Lists and Tuples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Loops. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Python in Practice. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
■ CHAPTER 2 Exploring Python. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Creating Scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Working with Logic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Understanding Booleans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Understanding Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Defining Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Introducing Object-Oriented Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Using Classes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Python in Practice. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Using the Standard Library. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Introducing import. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Useful Modules for Games. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
■ CHAPTER 3 Introducing Pygame. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
History of Pygame. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Installing Pygame. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Using Pygame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
vii
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viii ■ CONTENTS
Hello World Revisited. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Understanding Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Retrieving Events. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Handling Mouse Motion Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Handling Mouse Button Events. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Handling Keyboard Events. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Filtering Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Posting Events. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Opening a Display. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Full-Screen Displays. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Resizable Pygame Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Windows with No Borders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Additional Display Flags. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Using the Font Module. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
When Pygame Goes Wrong. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Pygame in Action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
■ CHAPTER 4 Creating Visuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Using Pixel Power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Working with Color. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Representing Color in Pygame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Scaling Colors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Blending Colors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Using Images. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Storing Images. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Working with Surface Objects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Drawing with Pygame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
pygame.draw.rect. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
pygame.draw.polygon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
pygame.draw.circle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
pygame.draw.ellipse. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
pygame.draw.arc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
pygame.draw.line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
pgame.draw.lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
pygame.draw.aaline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
pygame.draw.aalines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89