Beauty, Aging and AntiAging

470 Pages·2022·41.89 MB·English

by  İbrahim Vargel, Fatma Figen Özgür

BEAUTY, AGING, AND ANTIAGING
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BEAUTY,
AGING, AND
ANTIAGING
Editedby
_
I V
BRAHIM ARGEL
Plastic,ReconstructiveandAestheticSurgery,HacettepeUniversityFacultyofMedicine,Ankara,Turkey
DepartmentofBioengineering,InstituteofScience,HacettepeUniversity,Ankara,Turkey
€
FATMA FIGEN OZGU€R
Plastic,ReconstructiveandAestheticSurgery,HacettepeUniversityFacultyofMedicine,Ankara,Turkey
Associate Editor
ARDA KU¨C¸U¨KGU¨VEN
Plastic,ReconstructiveandAestheticSurgery,AnkaraTrainingandResearchHospital,
UniversityofHealthSciences,Ankara,Turkey
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Contents
Conclusion 30
Contributors xi
References 30
Preface xv
4. Definition of beauty in plastic surgery
I
ETKINBOYNUYOGUNANDFATMAFIGENO€ZGU€R
Thegoldenratio 37
Beauty and aging
Theperceptionofbeauty 37
Conclusion 38
1. History of beauty
References 38
AHMETKUCUKGUVEN
5. Beauty of aging
Beauty 3
Aesthetic 3 FETHIYEDAMLAMENKU€ O€ZDEMIRAND
Historyofbeauty 5 FATMAFIGENO€ZGU€R
Humanbeauty 6
References 9
6. Cellular mechanisms of aging
2. Perception of beauty in different cultures
ARDAKUCUKGUVENANDI_BRAHIMVARGEL
MURATKARAANDFATMAFIGENO€ZGU€R Introduction 45
Majorfactorscausingcellularaging 46
Introduction 11
Telomere-inducedsenescence 47
Beautyandhumans 11
Roleofgenomicinstabilityincellularaging 47
Differencesinmeasurablebeautyamongdifferent
Mitogenicsignalsincellularsenescence 48
regions 12
Senescencecausedbyepigenomicchanges 48
Beautyindifferentcultures 13
Roleofactivatedtumorsuppressorsinaging 48
Unusualperceptionsofbeautyindifferentcultures 14
References 49
Conclusions 17
References 17
7. Impact of aging on extracellular matrix and
3. The concept of beauty in art signal transduction pathways
FULYATURAN CENKDEMIRDOVERANDH.BURCUDEMIRDOVER
Introduction 21 Introduction 53
Definitionofart,beauty,esthetics,andtaste 22 Theextracellularmatrix(ECM) 53
Obsessionwiththebeautyofproperties 23 Signaltransductionpathways 56
Beautyofnudes 23 Cell-matrixinteractionsandsignalingpathways 58
Beautyinlandscapes 24 Biomechanicalchangesinaging 58
Beautyinmodernismandpostmodernism 28 Conclusion 60
Beautyofthe21st-centuryindividual 29 References 60
v
vi Contents
8. Psychiatric changes in aging Geneticandepigeneticmechanisms 111
Changesincardiovascularfunctions
O€ZLEMERDENAKI byaging 112
Introduction 63 Preventionfromcardiovascularaging 113
Cognitiveaging 64 Futureperspectivesofantiagingdrugs 115
Cognitivedisorders 65 Conclusion 115
Psychiatricsymptomsinoldage 67 References 115
Stressandresilienceinlatelife 69
Conclusion 69
References 69 12. Physiological changes and clinical
effects of aging
9. Neurological perspectives on aging
AYSEDIKMEERANDMUSTAFACANKURTARAN
MUGEYEMISCIANDHULYAKARATAS Agingofthebrain 121
Introduction 71 Agingofthecardiovascularsystem 122
Brainaginghallmarks:Molecularlevel 72 Agingofthekidneys 122
Brainaginghallmarks:Cellularlevel 75 Agingofthelungs 122
Brainaginghallmarks:Organlevel 77 Agingofthegastrointestinalsystem 123
Conclusion 77 Agingoftheendocrinesystem 123
References 78 Agingoftheimmunesystem 124
Agingofthemusculoskeletal
10. Musculoskeletal physiological system 124
changes in aging References 124
YIG˘ITCANKARANFIL,MERTES¸ME,ANDFEZAKORKUSUZ
13. Comprehensive geriatric assessment
Skeletalmuscle 83
Tendon 86 and antiaging
Bone 87
ARZUOKYARBAS¸ANDMUSTAFACANKURTARAN
Articularcartilage 88
Proprioceptionandbalance 88 Introduction 127
Reversingage-relatedchangesinthemusculoskeletal Componentsofthegeriatricassessment 129
systeminolderadults:Exerciseasmedicine 88 Conclusion 131
Recommendationsforpostmenopausalwomenwithout References 132
osteoporosis 89
Recommendationsforoldermenwithout
14. Vitamins, minerals, and antiaging
osteoporosis 101
Recommendedexercisesforpatientswith drugs in older adults
osteoporosis 102
Exercisesnotsuitableforpeoplewithosteoporosisand MUSTAFACANKURTARANANDSERDARCEYLAN
preventativestrategiesforpotentialrisks 103 Vitamins 135
References 103 Minerals 136
Antioxidants 137
11. The aging cardiovascular system Calorierestrictionmimetics 138
Hormones 140
YUSUFZIYAS¸ENERANDUGURCANPOLAT Telomeraseactivators 141
Introduction 109 MicroRNA 141
Pathophysiologicalmechanisms Stemcells 141
ofcardiovascularaging 109 References 142
Contents vii
15. Dental-periodontal structures and aging NeithernanofatnorSVF:TOST 180
PRP/PPP/TOSTandcombination:Enhanced
BUKETACARANDABDULLAHC.AKMAN regeneration 185
Agingandoralhealth 143 Adjustableregenerativeadipose-tissuetransfer
Inflammagingandoraltissues 144 (ARAT) 185
Toothlossandedentulismintheelderly Furtherreading 194
population 145
Physiologicalandpathologicalchangesofthe 19. Energy based procedures in facial
oraltissuesduetoaging 147
cosmetic and rejuvenation
Regenerativeperiodontaltreatmentintheelderly 147
Pulpregenerationinelderly 148 HUSEYINGUNER,CAGILMERICERENOGLU,AND
Regenerativetherapiesforxerostomia 149 BILGENKATIPOGLUERENOGLU
Conclusions 149 Lasers 198
References 149 Intensepulsedlight(IPL) 200
Focusedultrasound 201
II Radiofrequency(RF) 201
References 202
Regenerative and restorative
20. How to induce antiaging in plastic surgery
medicine
ZEKERIYATOSUNANDFATMAOZBAGCI
16. Antiaging: Is it possible?
Lipofilling 205
ARDAKUCUKGUVENANDI_BRAHIMVARGEL Conclusion 209
Acknowledgment 209
Introduction 155
References 209
Alternativeapproachestoaging 155
Senolytics 156
21. Minimally invasive treatments
Senostatics 157
for the aging face
Conclusions 158
References 159
HALILIBRAHIMCANTERANDMAJIDISMAYILZADA
Agingprocessingeneral 211
17. Antiaging principles in plastic surgery
Wrinkles 212
Sagging 214
ARDAKUCUKGUVENANDI_BRAHIMVARGEL
Volumeloss 216
Introduction 161 Skinquality 217
Effectsofagingontissues 161 Pointstoconsider 218
Canplasticsurgerypreventaging? 162 References 219
Surgicaltreatmentofage-relatedchangesinplastic
surgery 164 22. Cosmetic surgical treatments
References 170
for the aging face
18. Regenerative cell therapy OZANBITIK
for antiaging Ageheterogeneity 223
Objectives 224
ERAYCOPCUANDSULEO€ZTAN Basicprinciples 224
Regenerativemedicineandaging 173 Surgicaltechniques 224
Stromal/stemcell 173 Conclusion 232
Stromal-cellisolationtechniques 176 References 235
viii Contents
23. Periorbital restoration 27. Dermatology and restorative medicine
ERSOYKONAS¸ANDGU€VENOZANKAPLAN BASAKYALICI-ARMAGANANDGONCAELCIN
Botulinumtoxin 238 Intrinsicandextrinsicskinaging 289
Softtissuefillers 238 Histopathologicalandphysiologicalcharacteristicsof
Platelet-richplasma 239 agingskin 291
Fatgrafting 239 Mechanismsofskinaging 294
Blepharoplasty 240 Clinicalfeaturesofskinaging 295
References 243 Preventionandtreatmentmethods 296
References 300
24. Changes in breasts during 28. The endocrinology of aging
aging: Pathophysiology and restorative
SEDAHANIFEOGUZANDBULENTOKANYILDIZ
options
Introduction 303
Thyroidandaging 303
MAHMUTMUHSINYILMAZANDHAKANUZUN
Growthhormone/insulin-likegrowthfactoraxisin
Introduction 247
aging 306
Anatomy,histology,andphysiology 247
Menopause 309
Ptosisclassification 249
Late-onsethypogonadism 310
Preoperativeevaluation 249
Agingandtheadrenalgland 311
Treatmentoptions 249
Conclusions 312
Periareolarmastopexy 250
References 312
Verticalmastopexy 250
Inverted-Tmastopexy 250
29. The aging eye and age-related ocular
Augmentationmastopexy 251
pathologies
Complications 254
References 254
YONCAOZKANARAT
Tearfilm 319
Trabecularmeshwork 322
25. Age-related changes in trunk aesthetics
Lens 324
GALIPGENCAYU€STU€NANDSU€LEYMANYILDIZDAL Macula 328
References 334
BoNTA 258
Fillerinjections 258
30. Aging in gastrointestinal system
Sclerotherapy 258
Chemicalpeels 258 KAYAYORGANCIANDHILMIANILDINC¸ER
Lasertherapy 259
Chemosensation 339
Surgery 259
Theanorexiaofaging 340
References 269
Swallowing 340
Gastrointestinalmotility 340
Regulationofgastrointestinalmucosalgrowth 341
26. Effects of aging on extremities Agingandgastrointestinalcarcinogenesis 341
Gastrointestinalabsorption 342
ALIEMREAKSUANDHILALGUNES
Gutmicrobiome 342
Introduction 271 Immuneresponseandthegut 342
Age-relatedchangesinextremitytissues 271 Liver 342
Handrejuvenation 272 Pancreas 343
Brachioplasty(armlift) 277 Conclusion 343
References 284 References 343
Contents ix
31. Restorative medicine in the aging Pleuraldiseasesinelderlypatients 387
genitourinary system References 389
MESUTALTANANDAHMETGUDELOGLU 35. Aging women and common gynecologic
Introduction 347 problems
Androgendeficiencyinagingmales 347
Erectiledysfunction 348 FATIHAKTOZANDRAMAZANMERCAN
Incontinence 349 Fertility 393
Benignprostatichyperplasia(BPH) 353 Menopauseandhormonereplacementtherapy 394
Oncology 354 Gynecologiccancers 397
References 355 References 400
32. Anti-aging strategies in audiology 36. Impact of aging on the central nervous
system: Approaches for antiaging
OG˘UZHANKATARANDDEMIRBAJIN
Presbycusis 359 GO€RKEMYAVAS¸ANDMELIKEMUT
Hearingrestoration 361 Introduction 403
Result 363 Aginganditsbiologyinnervoussystem 404
References 363 Agingandassociatedneurodegenerativediseases 405
Therapeuticapproaches 406
33. Cardiovascular aging Conclusion 410
References 410
AHMETAYDIN,ONURSAYDAM,ANDRIZADOGAN
Introduction 365 37. Regenerative and restorative treatments
Pathophysiologicalmechanisms 365 of the musculoskeletal system: Focus on
Clinicaloutcomesofvascularaging 369
platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in osteoarthritis
References 374
EMINECIFTCI,ILAYDADEMIRDIS,ANDFEZAKORKUSUZ
34. Restorative medicine in thoracic surgery
Healthyagingandosteoarthritis 413
Platelet-richplasma 415
RIZADOGAN,BURCUANCIN,ANDSERKANUYSAL
Roleofbiologicgrowthfactors 419
Effectsofagingonrespiratoryphysiologyand
Conclusion 424
function 379
References 424
Physiologicalchangesinrespiratoryfunction
associatedwithaging 380
38. Anesthesia for the elderly: Effects
Preoperativeassessmentforthoracicsurgery
of aging on perioperative and
inelderlypatients 380
Postoperativecomplicationsofthoracicsurgery postoperative care
inelderlypatients 381
SEHENDDEBBAG˘ ANDGALIPGENCAYU€STU€N
Benignlungdiseasesandtheirsurgicaltreatment
inelderlypatients 382 Physiologicchangeswithaging 429
Malignantlungdiseasesandtheirsurgicaltreatment Preoperativepreparation 430
inelderlypatients 383 Anesthesiamanagement 431
Trachealdiseasesinelderlypatients 383 Postoperativecare 432
Palliativecareinthoracicsurgery 383 Postoperativecomplications 433
Radiologicalimagingofthethoraxinelderly References 435
patients 384
Thoraxtraumainelderlypatients 385 Index 439