Beam-Foil Spectroscopy: Volume 1: Atomic Structure and Lifetimes PDF
Preview Beam-Foil Spectroscopy: Volume 1: Atomic Structure and Lifetimes
BEAM-FOIL SPECTROSCOPY VOLUME 1 Atomic Structure and Lifetimes BEAM-FOIL SPECTROSCOPY Volume 1: Atomic Structure and Lifetimes Volume 2: Collisional and Radiative Processes BEAM-FOIL SPECTROSCOPY VOLUME 1 Atomic Structure and Lifetimes Edited by Ivan A. Sellin and David J. Pegg University of Tennessee, Knoxville and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge PLENUM PRESS· NEW YORK AND LONDON Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data International Conference on Beam-Foil Spectroscopy, 4th, Gatlinburg, Tenn., 1975. Beam-foil spectroscopy. Includes bibliographical references and index. CONTENTS: v. 1. Atomic structure and lifetimes.-v. 2. Collisional and ra- diative processes. 1. Beam-foil spectroscopy-Congresses. I. Sellin, Ivan. II. Pegg, David, 1940- III. Title. QC454.B39I57 1975 535'.8 76-10654 ISBN-13:978-1-4613-4342-4 e-ISBN-13:978-1-4613-4340-0 DOl: 10.1007/978-1-4613-4340-0 Proceedings of the first half of the Fourth International Conference on Beam Foil Spectroscopy held in Gatlinburg, Tennessee, September 15-19, 1975 Published with the financial assistance of UNESCO, UNESCO subvention - 1975 - DG/2.1/414/40. ©1976 Plenum Press, New York Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1976 A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation 227 West 17th Street, New York, N.Y. 10011 All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher Organizing Committee T. Andersen I. Martinson University of Aarhus Research Institute of Physics Aarhus, Denmark Stockholm, Sweden S. Bashkin W. Meckbach University of Arizona Com. Nac. de Energia Atomica Tucson, Arizona San Carlos de Bariloche Rio Negro, Argentina I. Dmitriev Moscow State University C.Moak Moscow, U.S.S.R. Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee M. Dufay Universite de Lyon D. Pegg, Conference Secretary Villeurbanne, France University of Tennessee Knoxville, Tennessee R. Garstang J.I.L.A. F. Pipkin Boulder, Colorado Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts A. Gabriel Culham Laboratory I. Sellin, Conference Chairman Abingdon Berks, England University of Tennessee Knoxville, Tennessee H.Hay Australian National University W. Whaling Canberra, Australia California Institute of Technology L. Heroux Pasadena, California Air Force Cambridge Laboratory Bedford, Massachusetts Local Committee Virgil Adams Barbara Pack Deborah Adams Loni Pegg Stuart Elston Peggy Peterson John Forester Randolph Peterson Wylene Guinn Roy Pruett, Conference Treasurer Wendell Martin Helen Sellin Charles Normand, Conference Coordinator Betty Thoe Robert Thoe Preface The appreciable evolution of the nearly teenaged branch of atomic and molecular physics called beam foil spectroscopy is clearly depicted in the present volumes, which are devoted to publication of presentations at the Fourth International Conference on Beam Foil Spectroscopy and Heavy Ion Atomic Physics Symposium. The transition from childhood to adolescence parallels human experience in that diffusion of interests and interactions beyond the confines of the original family has most certainly occurred. The pre-occupation with techniques and their develop ment has been largely replaced by interest in the physics of the widest possible array of atomic and molecular physics experiments, in which spectroscopic study (visible, UV, XUV, X-ray, electron) of collisional interactions of fast beams is the unifying theme. The description "accelerator-based atomic physics" is perhaps more representative of the subject today than is the original, beam-foil spectroscopy," since so many experiments have nothing to do with foils, and furthermore, employ spectroscopy mainly as an incidental tool. What, then distinguishes beam-foil spectro scopy from overlapping fields of atomic collisions physics? In an era where the boundaries are becoming ever more diffuse, there can be no clear definition. A good functional definition was recently conceived by Peter Erman, under the salubrious stimulus of a large Tennessee bourbon: it is the tribal experience of the community of scientists who have banded together to develop the discipline over the past dozen years, as shared at the triennial conferences devoted to it. The Fourth Conference was the largest of those held to date, attracting approximately one hundred fifty scientists. An unusually large international participation was evident. Nearly forty percent of the participants were European Nationals, a very large proportion for a conference held in the continental United States. The Conference was again an important arena for interaction of astrophysicists, plasma spectroscopists, atomic structure theorists, and those experimentalists using accelerators to measure vii viii PREFACE such important atomic parameters as lifetimes and transition probabilities. Concerning the future, both the health and the growth of accelerator-based atomic physics will surely become even more dependent on governmental agency policies the world over than at present, as the emphasis in nuclear physics funding shifts to smaller numbers of large, central accelerator facilities. In this regard we call attention here to a survey of the field, commissioned by the U. S. National Academy of Sciences Advisory Committee on Atomic and Molecular Physics, to be issued in 1976. This report analyzes and speaks very well of the field. The editors express the hope that science policy advisory bodies in other countries will undertake similar efforts. Ivan A. Sellin University of Tennessee Knoxville Acknowledgments The editors wish to recognize the most generous support of the Conference by the National Science Foundation, Atomic, Molecular, and Plasma Physics Program, administered by Rolf Sinclair. Support by the Physics Program of the Office of Naval Research through the good efforts of John Dardis is gratefully acknowledged, as is a grant to the Conference from the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics. The institutional sponsorship provided by the University of Tennessee, Department of Physics (William M. Bugg, Head), and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Physics Division (Paul Stelson, Director) through the Energy Research and Development Administration was indispensable to the Conference. Support of cultural and social events by the Tennessee Arts Commission, Ortec, Inc. and Tennelec, Inc. provided congenial conditions at the Conference. The contributions of many individuals deserve appropriate recognition, especially the efforts of institutional secretarial staffs, Conference office personnel, and hard-working wives. A number of these individuals are cited in the accompanying listings of the memberships of the organizing and local committees. ix Contents of Volume 1 The Term Analysis of Atomic Spectra: Present Status and Remaining Problems. 1 Bengt Edlin Recent Configuration Interaction Studies in Atomic Lifetimes .......... . 29 A. Hibbert Oscillator Strengths for Ac I, Sc II and Ti III .. 43 G. A. Victor, R. F. Stewart, and C. Laughlin Transition Probabilities for Ionized Atoms .... 51 A. W. Weiss Correlation Effects and f-Values in the Sodium Sequence. . . . . . . . . .. . ..... . 69 Charlotte Froese Fischer On the Possibility of Observing Nonexponential Decays in Autoionizing States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Cleanthes A. Nicolaides and Donald R. Beck Coulomb Methods in Atomic Transition Probability Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Richard Crossley and Susan Richards Lamb Shift in Hydrogenlike Ions ..... 89 Peter J. Mohr Hyperfine Quenching of the 23PO State in Heliumlike Ions . . . . . ........... . 97 Peter J. Mohr Anomalies in the Fine and Hyperfine Structure .. 105 Donald R. Beck and Cleanthes A. Nicolaides xi xii CONTENTS OF VOLUME 1 Relativistic Contributions to Transition Energies in Nil and CuI Isoelectronic Sequences ....... . 111 C. P. Bhalla, C. L. Cocke and S. L. Varghese Oscillator Strengths in N,N+,O and 0+ Obtained From the First Order Theory of Oscillator Strengths (Fotos) lIS Donald R. Beck and Cleanthes A. Nicolaides Lifetimes and Fluorescence Yields of Three-Electron Ions .. 121 C. P. Bhalla and A. H. Gabriel Future Directions for Beam-Foil Spectroscopy 129 S. Bashkin Review of Experimental Lifetimes: Third Period Elements . • . • • • . • • . • .. ••..• 147 M. E. M. Head, C. E. Head, and T. N. Lawrence Review of Experimental Lifetimes: Fourth Period Elements. • .... ISS C. E. Head, T. N. Lawrence, and H. E. M. Head Heavy-Element Beam-Foil Lifetime Measurements and Related Experimental Problems. . . • . . . • • • • • • • • . . •. l6S G. S!1Srensen Measurements of He I Lifetimes and Fine Structure by a Two-Spectrometer Method. . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . 183 G. Astner, L. J. Curtis, L. Liljeby, I. Martinson and J. o. Stoner, Jr. Mean-Lives of RbI! in the Visible and Vacuum Ultraviolet •• 191 M. Czempiel and H. J. Andr~ Applications of High Resolution r.1easurements of Optical Lifetimes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . • 199 Peter Erman Beam-Gas Studies of Cu II, Cl II, and As II. . . . . . .• 217 L. Maleki, D. B. King, C. E. Head and T. N. Lawrence Beam-Foil Study of SIll - S VI ••. 223 B. I. Dynefors and I. Martinson The Independent-Electron Model Applied to 100-600 keV Sulfur Beam-Foil Population Functions. . .... 231 B. Dynefors, 1. Martinson, and E. Veje
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