Bauhaus Effects in Art, Architecture, and Design PDF
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Bauhaus Effects in Art, Architecture, and Design Bringing together an international team of scholars, this book offers new perspec- tives on the impact that the Bauhaus and its teaching had on a wide range of artistic practices. Three of the fields in which the Bauhaus generated immediately transformative effects were housing, typography, and photography. Contributors go further to chart the surprising relation of the school to contemporary developments in hairstyling and shop window display in unprecedented detail. New scholarship has detailed the degree to which Bauhaus faculty and students set off around the world, but it has seldom paid attention to its impact in communist East Germany or in countries like Ireland where no Bauhäusler settled. This wide-ranging collection makes clear that a century after its founding, many new stories remain to be told about the influence of the twentieth century’s most innovative arts institution. The book will be of interest to scholars working in art history, design history, pho- tography, and architectural history. Kathleen James-Chakraborty, School of Art History and Cultural Policy, University College Dublin, Ireland. Sabine T. Kriebel, Department of History of Art, University College Cork, Ireland. Routledge Research in Art History Routledge Research in Art History is our home for the latest scholarship in the field of art history. The series publishes research monographs and edited collections, cov- ering areas including art history, theory, and visual culture. These high-level books focus on art and artists from around the world and from a multitude of time periods. By making these studies available to the worldwide academic community, the series aims to promote quality art history research. Histories of Conservation and Art History in Modern Europe Edited by Sven Dupré and Jenny Boulboullé Art Criticism and Modernism in the United States Stephen Moonie Sculpture Workshops as Space and Concept Creating the Portrait Edited by Jane Fejfer and Kristine Bøggild Johannsen Deconstructing the Myths of Islamic Art Edited by Onur Öztürk, Xenia Gazi, and Sam Bowker Posthumous Art, Law and the Art Market The Afterlife of Art Edited by Sharon Hecker and Peter J. Karol American Art in Asia Artistic Praxis and Theoretical Divergence Edited by Michelle Lim and Kyunghee Pyun Bauhaus Effects in Art, Architecture and Design Edited by Kathleen James-Chakraborty and Sabine T. Kriebel Art History at the Crossroads of Ireland and the United States Edited by Cynthia Fowler and Paula Murphy For more information about this series, please visit: www.routledge.com/Routledge- Research-in-Art-History/book-series/RRAH Bauhaus Effects in Art, Architecture, and Design Edited by Kathleen James-Chakraborty and Sabine T. Kriebel Cover image: Kabuki, 1981 Hair by Tim Hartley for Vidal Sassoon Color and Perm by John Besson Photograph by Al MacDonald Image courtesy of SASSOON First published 2022 by Routledge 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158 and by Routledge 4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2022 selection and editorial matter, Kathleen James-Chakraborty and Sabine T. Kriebel; individual chapters, the contributors The right of Kathleen James-Chakraborty and Sabine T. Kriebel to be identified as the authors of the editorial material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: James-Chakraborty, Kathleen, 1960- editor. | Kriebel, Sabine, editor. Title: Bauhaus effects in art, architecture, and design / edited by Kathleen James-Chakraborty and Sabine T. Kriebel. Description: New York : Routledge, 2022. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2021057882 (print) | LCCN 2021057883 (ebook) | ISBN 9781032205397 (hardback) | ISBN 9781032214689 (paperback) | ISBN 9781003268314 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Bauhaus–Influence. Classification: LCC N332.G33 B4265 2022 (print) | LCC N332.G33 (ebook) | DDC 709.04–dc23/eng/20211217 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021057882 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021057883 ISBN: 978-1-032-20539-7 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-032-21468-9 (pbk) ISBN: 978-1-003-26831-4 (ebk) DOI: 10.4324/9781003268314 Typeset in Sabon by KnowledgeWorks Global Ltd. Contents List of Figures vii List of Contributors xii Acknowledgments xiv Introduction 1 KATHLEEN JAMES-CHAKRABORTY AND SABINE T. KRIEBEL 1 Bauhaus Housing 9 KATHLEEN JAMES-CHAKRABORTY 2 New Typography, the Bauhaus, and its Impact on Graphic Design 25 PATRICK RÖSSLER 3 Bauhaus Effects: Florence Henri and Modernist Photography in Paris 44 SABINE T. KRIEBEL 4 The Bauhaus and the Fundamentals of Window Display 58 KERRY MEAKIN 5 A Discreet Succession: The Bauhaus and Industrial Design Education in the German Democratic Republic 80 KATHARINA PFÜTZNER 6 The Bauhaus and the Republic of Ireland 100 KATHLEEN JAMES-CHAKRABORTY 7 Space Time and the Bauhaus 116 DIETRICH NEUMANN 8 Bauhaus Specters and Blueprint Illuminations: Josef Albers and Robert Rauschenberg 134 VANESSA S. TROIANO vi Contents 9 The Bauhaus in Britain, the Swinging Sixties and Vidal Sassoon 157 MARIANA MENESES ROMERO 10 Paul Klee’s Pedagogy and Computational Processing 169 INGRID MAYRHOFER-HUFNAGL Bibliography 184 Index 192 Figures 1.1 Sommerfeld House, Walter Gropius and Adolf Meyer, Berlin, 1920–21. Photograph by Carl Rogge, 1923. © Gropius: V-G Bild-Kunst. Courtesy of Bauhaus-Archiv Berlin. 13 1.2 Haus am Horn, Georg Muche, Weimar, 1923. © Bildarchiv Foto Marburg. 14 1.3 Auerbach House, Walter Gropius, and Adolf Meyer with wall painting by Alfred Arndt, Jena, 1924. © SG Koezle – [email protected] 14 1.4 Klee and Kandinsky Masters’ House, Walter Gropius, Dessau, 1926. Photograph by Lucia Moholy, 1926. © Estate of Lucia Moholy, Bild-Kunst, Bonn/IVARO Dublin, 2021. Courtesy of Bauhaus-Archiv Berlin. 15 1.5 Törten Housing Estate, Walter Gropius, Dessau, 1927. © Bildarchiv Foto Marburg. 18 1.6 Faculty housing, School of the Allgemeinen Deutschen Gewerkschaftsbundes (ADGB), Hannes Meyer, Bernau, 1930. © Bildarchiv Foto Marburg/Uwe Gaasch. 21 2.1 Insert sheet for the Catalogue of Samples, Herbert Bayer, c. 1927. Collection of the author. 29 2.2 Emergency money for the State Bank of Thuringia, Herbert Bayer, 1923. Collection of the author. 31 2.3 Special issue on “elementary typography” for Typographische Mitteilungen, Jan Tschichold, 1925. Collection of the author. 32 2.4 Cover, Die Form, Walter Dexel, 1930. Collection of the author. 35 2.5 Cover, das neue frankfurt, Hans Leistekow, 1930. Collection of the author. 37 2.6 Brochure for the introduction of TV in Germany, 1936. Collection of the author. 39 3.1 Florence Henri with Georg Muche at the Dessau Bauhaus, 1927. Florence Henri Archive, Genoa, Italy. 47 3.2 Page-spread of article by László Moholy-Nagy on Florence Henri, i10, no. 17/18, 20 December 1928. Photograph by the author. 48 3.3 Self-Portrait, Florence Henri, 1928. Florence Henri Archive, Genoa, Italy. 52 3.4 Self-Portrait, Florence Henri, 1928. Florence Henri Archive, Genoa, Italy. 53 viii Figures 3.5 Left: Florence Henri, Self-Portrait with Balls, 1929; Right: El Lissitsky, Composition, 1929; from Franz Roh and Jan Tschichold, Foto Auge (Stuttgart: F. Wedekind, 1929). Photograph by the author. 54 4.1 “Diagram for the Composition for the Window Dresser,” Neue Dekoration 2.9 (1931): 27. Courtesy of the Staatsbibliothek, Berlin. 66 4.2 Vertical and horizontal display of food products. Reimann School illustrated prospectus, 1931. Courtesy of Bauhaus Archiv, Berlin. Photograph by the author. 67 4.3 Four sample window displays, Neue Dekoration 2 (1931): 240–41. 68 4.4 “The Show Window Street of the Reimann School, Berlin (Professor Fischer’s Class) at the Leipzig Schaufensterschau,” Commercial Art 6.2 (February 1929): 68. 69 4.5 “Two Good Examples for the Factual Presentation of Electro- Technical Objects. Worthy of Note is the Special Kind of Lighting.” Farbe und Form 10.11 (1928): 182. Courtesy of Bauhaus Archiv, Berlin. Photograph by the author. 69 4.6 Cosmetic’s display. Reimann School illustrated prospectus (1931). Courtesy of Bauhaus Archiv, Berlin. Photograph by the Author. 70 5.1 A summary of Zitzmann’s preliminary course, illustrated with examples of student work, published by the Burg Giebichenstein school in 1990. Photo: Karl August Harnisch, Archiv Burg Giebichenstein Kunsthochschule Halle, S 1.2.3, 652. 86 5.2 Modular furniture system MDW, Rudolf Horn and team, manufacturer VEB Deutsche Werkstätten Hellerau, 1967. Photo: Friedrich Weimer, Archiv Burg Giebichenstein Kunsthochschule Halle, S 1.2.12, 172. 87 5.3 Designs for Children’s Hospital Halle-Dölau: play structure for waiting area, Günter Hänel and Udo Fleischhauer (final year), supervised by Rudolf Horn; serving trolley, Merten Milkowski (third year), supervised by Horn, Erich Schubert, and Horst Stäudtner; children’s ward crockery, Kay Leonhardt and Ulrike Friedemann (third year), supervised by Hubert Kittel; 1988. Photos: Karla Voigt, Archiv Burg Giebichenstein Kunsthochschule Halle, S 1.4, 10001; S. 1.4, 7156; S. 1.2.3.3. 89 5.4 Design work at the Institute of Industrial Design: rotating table lamp B4-04, Marianne Brandt and Albert Krause, probably 1951. Photo: Armin Herrmann, Stiftung Industrie- und Alltagskultur. Cups for childcare settings, Margarete Jahny, manufactured by VEB Steingutwerk Dresden, 1951. Photo: Marion Kaiser, ©Industriemuseum Chemnitz im Sächsischen Industriemuseum. Plaster model for Puck portable radio, Albert Krause, manufactured by VEB Funkwerk Halle, 1951. Photo: Walter Danz, Albert Krause Estate, Halle (Saale). Stackable tea/coffee pot set for self-service restaurants, Albert Krause, manufactured by VEB Steingutwerke Annaberg, 1950. Photo: Maria Steinfeldt, Akademie der Künste. 91 5.5 Weißensee student designs supervised by Rudi Högner. Aspectar 150 slide projector, Manfred Claus, manufactured by VEB Pentacon Dresden, 1957. Photo: Franziska Adebahr. W 58 desk phone, Ekkehard Figures ix Bartsch and Christian Berndt, manufactured by VEB Fernmeldewerk Nordhausen, 1958. Photographer unknown. Pentina SLR camera, Jürgen Peters, manufactured by VEB Pentacon Dresden, 1958. Photo: Christel Lehmann. Ultrasound massager, Erich John, manufactured by VEB Transformatoren- und Roentgenwerk Dresden. Photographer unknown. Photographs from Heinz Hirdina, Gestalten für die Serie. Design in der DDR 1949-1985 (Dresden: Verlag der Kunst 1988) 60, 59, 98, 59. 93 5.6 Stackable playschool chair in different sizes, Gabriele Krause, supervised by Rudi Högner, commissioned by VEB Dynamobau Berlin, 1971. Photo: Gabriele Krause and Dominique Kahane, Private Archive Gabriele Krause. 94 6.1 P. J. Carroll Factory, Michael Scott and Partners, Dundalk, 1969. John Donat/RIBA collections. 104 6.2 Radio Building, RTÉ, Michael Scott and Partners, Dublin, 1971. John Donat/RIBA collections. 105 6.3 Front block, Bank of Ireland (now Miesian Plaza), Michael Scott and Partners, Completed 1978. John Donat/RIBA collections. 106 6.4 Teapot, Bertil Gardberg for Kilkenny Design Workshops, 1965. Image copyright Clive Barda. Photograph: Collection National Irish Visual Arts Library (NIVAL), NCAD, Dublin. 108 6.5 Telectron HLM Level Meter. Kilkenny Design Workshops, 1980. Collection, National Irish Visual Arts Library (NIVAL), NCAD, Dublin. 109 6.6 Press preview of ROSC 1967 exhibition at the Royal Dublin Society. © SKP & Associates Ltd trading as Lensmen & Associates, Lensmen Photographic Agency and Lensmen Photographic Archive. Courtesy of Irish Photo Archive. 110 7.1 Left: L’Arlésienne, Pablo Picasso, 1911–12; right: Bauhaus, Walter Gropius, Dessau, 1926; page spread from Sigfried Giedion, Space Time and Architecture (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1941): 402–03. 117 7.2 The Bauhaus, northwest corner of the workshop wing, photograph by Lucia Moholy, gelatin silver print with applied color, Bauhaus Archiv, Berlin, 1927. © 2021, Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York, VG Bild-Kunst, Bonn. 117 7.3 Dust jacket, Space, Time, and Architecture, Herbert Bayer, collection of Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian. © 2021, Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York, VG Bild-Kunst, Bonn. 118 7.4 Brick Country House project, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, Kunsthalle Mannheim, 1924. © 2021, Artists Rights Society, New York VG Bild-Kunst, Bonn. 121 7.5 German Pavilion, World’s Fair, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, Barcelona, 1929. Photography by Sasha Stone. © Klassik Stiftung Weimar. 122 7.6 Standing Female Nude, Picasso, Line Drawing, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 1910. © Estate of Pablo Picasso/Artist Rights Society (ARS), New York, VG Bild-Kunst, Bonn. 125
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