Battlefield Medicine: A History of the Military Ambulance from the Napoleonic Wars Through World War I PDF
Preview Battlefield Medicine: A History of the Military Ambulance from the Napoleonic Wars Through World War I
Battlefield Medicine BATTLEFIELD MEDICINE z A History of the Military Ambulance from the Napoleonic Wars through World War I z WItH A NeW PrefAce z John S. Haller Jr. Southern Illinois University Press Carbondale and Edwardville Copyright © 1992 and new preface copyright © 2011 by the Board of Trustees, Southern Illinois University All rights reserved Paperback edition 2011 Printed in the United States of America 14 13 12 11 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Haller, John S. Battlefield medicine : a history of the military ambulance from the Napoleonic Wars through World War I / John S. Haller, Jr. — Pbk. ed. p. cm. Prev. ed.: Carbondale : Southern Illinois University Press, c1992, under title Farmcarts to Fords : a history of the military ambulance, 1790–1925. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-8093-3040-9 (pbk. : alk. paper) ISBN-10: 0-8093-3040-7 (pbk. : alk. paper) ISBN-13: 978-0-8093-8787-8 (ebook) ISBN-10: 0-8093-8787-5 (ebook) 1. Transport of sick and wounded—History. 2. Transportation, Military—History. 3. Ambulances—History. I. Haller, John S. Farmcarts to Fords. II. Title. UH500.H35 2011 355.3'45—dc22 2010046493 Printed on recycled paper. The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1992. FOR John) lea)) Nonie) and Lee No spectacle is more painful than that of the carriage of the wounded, the sick, and the dying in the midst of a campaign. It is the blackest page of war. The triumphs of the battlefield are all dimmed in looking at this inevitable sequel. It is needful to have seen it to comprehend it, for official dispatches and history tell but little of the reality. -Sir Henry Holland, Recollections ofP ast Lift, 1872 Contents Plates ix Preface xi Acknowledgments xiii Introduction 1 part one. Early History 1. Beginnings of a System 7 2. Early Ambulance Technology 40 part two. Consolidation 3. A World in Transition 61 4. Old and New Thinking 90 part three. The Great War 5. New Challenges 145 6. Trials of Evacuation 163 7. Lessons Learned 184 Notes 205 Selected Bibliography 235 Index 257 Plates Fol/owing page 110 I. Larrey's two-wheeled ambulance 2. Percy's surgical wagon 3. Percy's stretcher-bearers in marching order 4. Percy's stretcher fined for carrying wounded men 5. Squire's organi~..ational model for a division hospital 6. The common dandy and Barcilly dandy 7. A convoy of sick in camel kujjawas and a camel dhoolie 8. Mule cacolcrs or chairs 9. A freight car fined with eight spring-bed stretchers 10. The China wheelbarrow ambulance 11. Neuclorfer's two-wheeled liner, open for wounded transport, packed for carriage 12. Ncuss's two-wheeled litter 13. The Moses ambulance wagon and tent 14. The Coolidge ambulance wagon 15. The TripIer ambulance wagon 16. The Wheeling or Rosecrans ambulance wagon 17. The Rucker ambulance wagon 18. An 3mlY wagon fitted up as a Langer ambulance wagon 19. TIle interior of an improvised hospital railcar 20. A Dakota Indian tr:l.vois 21. A wounded soldier conveyed on a double-mule litter 22. McElderry's single-mule liner 23. The Rooker saddle attachment packed to a McClellan saddle
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