Battery Management Systems of Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles

148 Pages·2021·28.863 MB·English

by  Nicolae Tudoroiu (editor)

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Electric Vehicles
Edited by
Nicolae Tudoroiu
Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Batteries
www.mdpi.com/journal/batteries
Battery Management Systems of
Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Battery Management Systems of
Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Editor
NicolaeTudoroiu
MDPI•Basel•Beijing•Wuhan•Barcelona•Belgrade•Manchester•Tokyo•Cluj•Tianjin
Editor
NicolaeTudoroiu
JohnAbbottCollege
Canada
EditorialOffice
MDPI
St.Alban-Anlage66
4052Basel,Switzerland
This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal
Batteries(ISSN2313-0105)(availableat: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/batteries/specialissues/
BatteryManagementSystemsElectricHybridElectricVehicles).
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Contents
AbouttheEditor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Roxana-Elena Tudoroiu, Mohammed Zaheeruddin, Nicolae Tudoroiu and Sorin-Mihai Radu
SOC Estimation of a Rechargeable Li-Ion Battery Used in Fuel-Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicles—
Comparative Study of Accuracy and Robustness Performance Based on Statistical Criteria.
Part I: Equivalent Models
Reprintedfrom:Batteries2020,6,42,doi:10.3390/batteries6030042 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Roxana-Elena Tudoroiu, Mohammed Zaheeruddin, Nicolae Tudoroiu and Sorin-Mihai Radu
SOC Estimation of a Rechargeable Li-Ion Battery Used in Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric
Vehicles—Comparative Study of Accuracy and Robustness Performance Based on Statistical
Criteria. Part II: SOC Estimators
Reprintedfrom:Batteries2020,6,41,doi:10.3390/batteries6030041 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
FabioCignini,AntoninoGenovese,FernandoOrtenzi,AdrianoAlessandrini,LorenzoBerzi,
LucaPugiandRiccardoBarbieri
Experimental Data Comparison of an Electric Minibus Equipped with Different Energy
StorageSystems
Reprintedfrom:Batteries2020,6,26,doi:10.3390/batteries6020026 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
AlexanderFill,TobiasMader,TobiasSchmidt,RaphaelLlorenteandKaiPeterBirke
MeasuringTestBenchwithAdjustableThermalConnectionofCellstoTheirNeighborsanda
NewModelApproachforParallel-ConnectedCells
Reprintedfrom:Batteries2020,6,2,doi:10.3390/batteries6010002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
JanMeyer,AntonioNedjalkov,ElkePichler,ChristianKelbandWolfgangSchade
Development of a Polymeric Arrayed Waveguide Grating Interrogator for Fast and Precise
Lithium-IonBatteryStatusMonitoring
Reprintedfrom:Batteries2019,5,66,doi:10.3390/batteries5040066 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Manh-KienTranandMichaelFowler
SensorFaultDetectionandIsolationforDegradingLithium-IonBatteriesinElectricVehicles
UsingParameterEstimationwithRecursiveLeastSquares
Reprintedfrom:Batteries2020,6,1,doi:10.3390/batteries6010001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
v

About the Editor
NicolaeTudoroiuIn1976hereceivedhisB.Eng.degreeinElectricalandComputerEngineering
from the University of Craiova, Romania, and in 1981 received his B.Sc. in Mathematics from
the West University of Timisoara, Romania. In 1990 obtained his Ph.D. degree in Automation in
Romaniaandin,2001,healsoreceivedaPh.D.degreeinElectricalandComputerEngineering,from
ConcordiaUniversity,Montreal,Canada. Duringtheperiod1979–1994,hejoinedthedepartments
ofAutomationandControloftheUniversityofCraiova,Romania(1979–1990),andWestUniversity
“Politehnica”Timisoara,Romania(1991–1994),asanassistantandassociateprofessor,respectively.
Intheperiod2001–presenthejoinedastenureprofessortheEngineeringTechnologiesdepartmentof
JohnAbbottCollege,Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue,Canada. Hepresentlyservesontheeditorialboard
asGuesteditoroftheInternationalJournal‘AdvanceinScience,TechnologyandEngineeringSystems’
(ASTESJ).Hisinterestinacademicresearchincludessystemmodellingandidentification, process
control, stateandparameterestimationtechniques, faultdetectionandisolation, neuralnetworks,
adaptiveandoptimalcontrolsystems.
vii

batteries
Article
SOC Estimation of a Rechargeable Li-Ion Battery
Used in Fuel-Cell Hybrid Electric
Vehicles—Comparative Study of Accuracy and
Robustness Performance Based on Statistical Criteria.
Part I: Equivalent Models
Roxana-ElenaTudoroiu1,MohammedZaheeruddin2,NicolaeTudoroiu3,*and
Sorin-MihaiRadu4
1 DepartmentofMathematicsandInformatics,UniversityofPetrosani,332006Petrosani,Romania;
[email protected]
2 DepartmentofBuilding,CivilandEnvironmentalEngineering,UniversityConcordiafromMontreal,
Montreal,QCH3G1M8,Canada;[email protected]
3 DepartmentofEngineeringTechnologies,JohnAbbottCollege,
Saint-Anne-de-Bellevue,QCH9X3L9,Canada
4 DepartmentofElectricalandPowerEngineering,UniversityofPetrosani,332006Petrosani,Romania;
[email protected]
* Correspondence:[email protected]@johnabbott.qc.ca;Tel.:[phone]
Received:15July2020;Accepted:13August2020;Published:14August2020
Abstract:Batterystateofcharge(SOC)accuracyplaysavitalroleinahybridelectricvehicle(HEV),
asitensuresbatterysafetyinaharshoperatingenvironment,prolongslife,lowersthecostofenergy
consumption,andimprovesdrivingmileage.Therefore,accurateSOCbatteryestimationisthecentral
ideaoftheapproachinthisresearch,whichisofgreatinteresttoreadersandincreasesthevalueofits
application.Moreover,anaccurateSOCbatteryestimatereliesontheaccuracyofthebatterymodel
parametersanditscapacity. Thus,thepurposeofthispaperistodesign,implementandanalyze
theSOCestimationaccuracyoftwobatterymodels,whichcapturethedynamicsofarechargeable
SAFTLi-ionbattery.Thefirstisaresistorcapacitor(RC)equivalentcircuitmodel,andthesecond
isagenericSimscapemodel. Themodelvalidationisbasedonthegenerationandevaluationof
theSOCresidualerror. TheSOCreferencevaluerequiredforthecalculationofresidualerrorsis
thevalueestimatedbyanADVISOR3.2simulator,oneofthesoftwaretoolsmostusedinautomotive
applications.BothbatterymodelsareofrealinterestasavaluablesupportforSOCbatteryestimation
byusingthreemodelbasedKalmanstateestimatorsdevelopedinPart2. MATLABsimulations
resultsprovetheeffectivenessofbothmodelsandrevealanexcellentaccuracy.
Keywords: SAFTlithium-ionbattery;Simscapemodel;3RCECMLi-ionbatterymodel;stateof
charge;ADVISORestimate
1.Introduction
1.1.LiteratureReview
Nowadaysthenewtechnologiesappliedinbatteriesmanufacturingindustry“oftendemand
morecompact,highercapacity,safeandrechargeablebatteries”[1]. Thebatteriesvarybydifferent
chemistriesand“generatethebasiccellvoltagestypicallyinthe1.0to3.6Vrange”[1].Therequired
voltagesandthecurrentsofabatterypackareobtainedbyaddingupthenumberofthecellsinaseries
connectiontoincreasethevoltageandparallelconnectiontoenhancethecurrent.Itisimportantto
Batteries2020,6,42;doi:10.3390/batteries6030042 1 www.mdpi.com/journal/batteries