Basic Musculoskeletal Imaging

480 Pages·2013·24.363 MB·English

by  Jamshid Tehranzadeh

a LANGE medical book
BASIC
MUSCULOSKELETAL
IMAGING
Editor
Jamshid Tehranzadeh, MD
Director of Musculoskeletal Imaging
Chief of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Imaging/Radiation Therapy
Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System
Long Beach, California
Emeritus Professor and Vice Chair of Radiology
University of California, Irvine
Irvine, California
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This book is dedicated to Donald Resnick, MD, a living legend in radiology
who is my role model and a great source of inspiration for thousands of
radiologists in the world.
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Contents
Contributors vii 11. Signs in Musculoskeletal Radiology 233
Foreword ix
Amilcare Gentili and Shazia Ashfaq
Preface x
12. Shoulder MRI 275
1. Imaging Modalities Used in
Musculoskeletal Radiology 1
Farzad Rezai
Joseph E. Burns
13. Knee MRI 289
2. Skeletal Trauma: Upper Extremity 15
Arash David Tehranzadeh
Cornelia Wenokor and Marcia F. Blacksin
1 4. Spine MRI 311
3. Skeletal Trauma: Lower Extremity 29
Samuel Song and Jason Handwerker
Cornelia Wenokor and Marcia F. Blacksin
15. Elbow MRI 335
4. Axial Skeletal Trauma 41
Rajeev K. Varma and Alya Sheikh
Marcia F. Blacksin and Cornelia Wenokor
16. Wrist MRI 349
5. Pediatric Skeletal Trauma 57
Maryam Golshan Momeni and
Hiroshi Yoshioka
Marcia F. Blacksin and Cornelia Wenokor
17. Hip MRI 363
6. Arthritis and Infection 69
Rajeev K. Varma and Ben Plotkin
Michael E. Cody and Jamshid Tehranzadeh
18. Ankle MRI 379
7. Tumors 117
Shahla Modarresi, Daria Motamedi,
Aydin Soheili, Maryam Golshan Momeni,
and Cecilia M. Jude
and Jamshid Tehranzadeh
19. Musculoskeletal Ultrasound 407
8. Metabolic Bone Diseases 169
Sabrina Véras Britto, Juan Manuel Cepparo,
Quazi Al-Tariq, Benjamin D. Levine, Kambiz Motamedi,
Laurent Vandenbusche, Ramon Gheno,
and Leanne L. Seeger
Jader José da Silva, and Anne Cotten
9. Bone Infarct and Osteochondrosis 193
20. Musculoskeletal Scintigraphy 425
David T. Nakamura and
Mark Chambers
Jamshid Tehranzadeh
10. Orthopedic Hardware and Complications 211
Index 457
Reza Dehdari and Minal Tapadia Color insert appears between pages 438 and 439.
v
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Contributors
Quazi Al-Tariq, MD Reza Dehdari, MD
Radiology Resident, Department of Radiological Sciences, Radiologist, Department of Radiology, University of
David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
Amilcare Gentili, MD
Shazia Ashfaq, MD Chief of Radiology, San Diego VA HCS, Professor of Clinical
Research Fellow, University of California, San Diego, Radiology, University of California, San Diego School of
La Jolla, California Medicine, San Diego, California
Marcia F. Blacksin, MD Ramon Gheno, MD
Professor of Radiology, Department of Radiology, University Service de Radiologie et Imagerie Musculosquelettique,
of Medicine & Dentistry – New Jersey Medical School, Centre de Consultation et d’Imagerie de l’Appareil
University Hospital, Newark, New Jersey Locomoteur, CHRU de Lille, Lille, France
Sabrina Véras Britto, MD Jason Handwerker, MD
Service de Radiologie et Imagerie Musculosquelettique, Assistant Professor of Radiology, University of California
Centre de Consultation et d’Imagerie de l’Appareil Irvine, Orange, California
Locomoteur, CHRU de Lille, Lille, France, Serviço de
Radiologia Músculo Esquelética, Santa Casa de Cecilia M. Jude, MD
Misericórdia de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil Health Sciences Associate Clinical Professor, David Geffen
School of Medicine at University of California, Los
Joseph E. Burns, MD, PhD Angeles, Olive View – UCLA Medical Center, Sylmar,
Associate Clinical Professor, Department of Radiological California
Sciences, University of California, Irvine School of
Medicine, Orange, California Benjamin D. Levine, MD
Assistant Professor Musculoskeletal Imaging, Department of
Juan Manuel Cepparo, MD Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine
Service de Radiologie et Imagerie Musculosquelettique, at University of California, Los Angeles, Santa Monica-
Centre de Consultation et d’Imagerie de l’Appareil UCLA Medical Center and Orthopedic Hospital, Santa
Locomoteur, CHRU de Lille, Lille, France Monica, California
Mark Chambers, DVM, PhD, MD Shahla Modarresi, MD
Health Sciences Assistant Professor of Radiology, University Health Sciences Associate Clinical Professor, David Geffen
of California Irvine, Radiology/Nuclear Medicine School of Medicine at University of California,
Imaging Service, Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare Los Angeles, West Los Angeles VA Medical Center,
System, Long Beach, California Los Angeles, California
Michael E. Cody, MD Maryam Golshan Momeni, MD
Radiology Resident, University of California, Irvine Medical Clinical Instructor/Musculoskeletal Fellow, University of
Center, Orange, California California, Irvine, Orange, California
Anne Cotten, MD, PhD Daria Motamedi, MD
Professor of Radiology and Head of the Department of Musculoskeletal Fellow, University of California San Diego,
Musculoskeletal Radiology, Service de Radiologie et San Diego, California
Imagerie Musculosquelettique, Centre de Consultation et
d’Imagerie de l’Appareil Locomoteur, CHRU de Lille, Kambiz Motamedi, MD
Lille, France Associate Professor of Radiology, University of California,
Los Angeles, California
vii
viii (cid:2) CONTRIBUTORS
David T. Nakamura, MD Minal Tapadia, MD, JD, MA
Radiology Resident, University of California, Irvine, Orange, Orthopedic Resident, Department of Orthopedic Surgery,
California University of California, Irvine, Orange, California
Ben Plotkin, MD Arash David Tehranzadeh, MD
Assistant Professor of Radiological Sciences at University of Attending Radiologist, Kerlan-Jobe Integrated Facility/
California, Los Angeles, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Centinela Radiology Medical Group, Los Angeles,
Torrance, California California
Farzad Rezai, MD Jamshid Tehranzadeh, MD
Attending Radiologist, VA Long Beach, Long Beach, Director of Musculoskeletal Imaging, Chief of Radiology
California and Nuclear Medicine Imaging/Radiation Therapy at VA
Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, California,
Leanne L. Seeger, MD Emeritus Professor and Vice Chair of Radiology at
Professor and Chief Musculoskeletal Imaging, Department University of California, Irvine
of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of
Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Laurent Vandenbusche, MD
Los Angeles, California Service de Radiologie et Imagerie Musculosquelettique,
Centre de Consultation et d’Imagerie de l’Appareil
Alya Sheikh, MD Locomoteur, CHRU de Lille, Lille, France
Assistant Professor of Radiological Sciences at University of
California, Los Angeles, Body Imaging at Harbor-UCLA Rajeev K. Varma, MD
Medical Center, Torrance, California Associate Professor of Radiological Sciences at University of
California, Los Angeles, Section Chief, Musculoskeletal
Jader José da Silva, MD Imaging at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance,
Serviço de Radiologia Músculo Esquelética do Hospital do California
Coração, São Paulo, Brasil
Cornelia Wenokor, MD
Aydin Soheili, MD Assistant Professor of Radiology, Department of Radiology,
Radiology Resident PGY3, University of California, Irvine, University of Medicine & Dentistry – New Jersey Medical
Orange, California School, University Hospital, Newark, New Jersey
Samuel Song, MD Hiroshi Yoshioka, MD, PhD
Neuroradiology Fellow, University of California, Irvine, Professor of Radiology, Musculoskeletal Section Chief,
Orange, California University of California, Irvine, Orange, California
Foreword
My own desire to become a radiologist took shape during my time as a medical student years ago, when I first began reading
some of the basic texts in radiology. My decision to specialize in bone imaging occurred during my radiology residency, once
again based in part on reading some of the classic texts in musculoskeletal radiology. So I know firsthand the importance of
books to many medical students and radiology residents as they try to find the specialty or subspecialty that is right for them.
Because of this, I am excited to write a foreword for a book that, I believe, will fill a void in the literature and is long overdue.
Jamshid (Jim) Tehranzadeh has edited a masterpiece, Basic Musculoskeletal Imaging, that is filled with useful information, pearls,
and pitfalls and is ideally suited to medical students and residents in many different fields who want to learn more about this
subspecialty. He and his contributors are to be congratulated for recognizing the need for such a publication and for filling this
void.
All the necessary information is here. Chapters are written by both internationally recognized experts in the field and young
enthusiastic “bone-lovers,” and these chapters cover a wide range of subjects. The reader can find material dealing with the axial
and appendicular skeleton and the ways in which it reacts to trauma, tumor, ischemia, infection, surgical intervention, and other
processes. This skeletal reaction is displayed vividly with a variety of imaging techniques that include conventional radiography,
CT scanning, ultrasonography, and MR imaging. Indeed, separate chapters summarize the role of MR imaging in the assess-
ment of disorders of the shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, ankle, and spine. Each chapter is focused and concise, emphasizing
information that is critical to accurate diagnosis, containing pearls of wisdom and employing highly appropriate illustrations.
In addition, the material is easy to read and to digest, with “take-home” messages in every chapter. This is a book that is stimulat-
ing as well as informative, and it is one that, once opened, will be hard to put down.
I want to personally congratulate Jim and the contributors for taking on this task. They and the publisher correctly saw the
need for a text dedicated to medical students and residents (in radiology, orthopedic surgery, and other fields) that would serve
as an easy-to-read source for information related to musculoskeletal imaging. As an author myself, I fully recognize that consid-
erable thought and effort went into this project to ensure that the book contained information that is highly organized and es-
sential to such imaging. Yes, a void has been filled with the publication of this work. Now, as was the case early in my medical
education, there exists a text that will stimulate many medical students and residents and, for some, may prove influential in the
choice of a specific career. A job well done and one for which I am indeed honored to write this foreword.
Donald Resnick, MD
Professor of Radiology
Chief, Musculoskeletal Imaging
University of California, San Diego School of Medicine
San Diego, California
September 2013
ix