Basic Medical Microbiology PDF
Preview Basic Medical Microbiology
Basic Medical Microbiology Patrick R. Murray, PhD Senior Worldwide Director, Scientific Affairs, BD Diagnostics Systems, Sparks, Maryland Adjunct Professor, Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 1 Table of Contents Cover image Title page Copyright Preface Section I. Introduction 1. Overview of Medical Microbiology Viruses And Bacteria Fungi and Parasites Good Versus Bad Microbes Conclusion Section II. Bacteria 2. Introduction to Bacteria A Word of Caution Overview Classification Role in Disease Antibacterial Agents 3. Aerobic Gram-Positive Cocci Interesting Facts Staphylococcus aureus β-Hemolytic Streptococci Viridans Streptococci Enterococcus 2 4. Aerobic Gram-Positive Rods Interesting Facts Bacillus Anthracis and Bacillus Cereus Listeria Monocytogenes Corynebacterium Diphtheriae 5. Acid-Fast Bacteria Interesting Facts Acid-Fast Organisms Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Mycobacterium Leprae Mycobacterium Avium Complex Nocardia Species 6. Aerobic Gram-Negative Cocci and Coccobacilli Interesting Facts Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Neisseria Meningitidis Eikenella Corrodens Kingella Kingae Moraxella Catarrhalis Haemophilus Influenzae Acinetobacter Baumannii Bordetella Pertussis Francisella Tularensis Brucella Species 7. Aerobic Fermentative Gram-Negative Rods Interesting Facts Escherichia coli Klebsiella pneumoniae Proteus mirabilis 3 Salmonella species Shigella species Yersinia pestis Vibrio cholerae 8. Aerobic Nonfermentative Gram-Negative Rods Interesting Facts Pseudomonas aeruginosa Burkholderia cepacia Stenotrophomonas maltophilia 9. Anaerobic Bacteria Interesting Facts Clostridium tetani Clostridium botulinum Clostridium perfringens Clostridium difficile Bacteroides fragilis 10. Spiral-Shaped Bacteria Interesting Facts Campylobacter jejuni Helicobacter pylori Treponema pallidum Borrelia burgdorferi Leptospira species 11. Intracellular Bacteria Interesting Facts Rickettsia rickettsii Ehrlichia chaffeensis Coxiella burnetii Chlamydia trachomatis 4 Section III. Viruses 12. Introduction to Viruses Overview Classification Role in Disease Antiviral Agents 13. Human Immunodeficiency Viruses Interesting Facts Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 (HIV-1) 14. Human Herpesviruses Interesting Facts Herpes Simplex Virus, Types 1 and 2 Varicella-Zoster Virus Cytomegalovirus Epstein-Barr Virus Human Herpesviruses 6, 7, and 8 15. Respiratory Viruses Interesting Facts Rhinoviruses Coronaviruses Influenza Viruses Paramyxoviridae Parainfluenza Viruses Respiratory Syncytial Virus Human Metapneumovirus Adenovirus 16. Hepatitis Viruses Interesting Facts Hepatitis A Virus 5 Hepatitis B and D Viruses Hepatitis C Virus Hepatitis E Virus 17. Gastrointestinal Viruses Interesting Facts Rotavirus Norovirus and Sapovirus Astrovirus Adenovirus Section IV. Fungi 18. Introduction to Fungi Overview Classification Role in Disease Antifungal Agents 19. Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Fungi Interesting Facts Dermatophytosis Fungal Keratitis Lymphocutaneous Sporotrichosis Other Subcutaneous Infections 20. Systemic Dimorphic Fungi Interesting Facts Blastomyces dermatitidis Coccidioides immitis and Coccidioides posadasii Histoplasma capsulatum 21. Opportunistic Fungi Interesting Facts Candida albicans and Related Species 6 Cryptococcus neoformans Miscellaneous Yeastlike Fungi Aspergillus fumigatus Miscellaneous Opportunistic Molds Section V. Parasites 22. Introduction to Parasites Overview Classification Role in Disease Antiparasitic Agents 23. Protozoa Interesting Facts Intestinal Amoeba Coccidia Flagellates Free-Living Amoeba Blood and Tissue Protozoa 24. Nematodes Interesting Facts Intestinal Nematodes Blood Nematodes Tissue Nematodes 25. Trematodes Interesting Facts Intestinal Trematode Tissue Trematodes Blood Trematodes 26. Cestodes Interesting Facts 7 Intestinal Cestodes Tissue Cestodes 27. Arthropods Section VI. Review Questions Introduction Questions Answers Index 8 Copyright 1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd. Ste 1800 Philadelphia, PA 19103-2899 BASIC MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY ISBN: 978-0-323-47676-8 Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions. This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein). Notices Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary. Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of 9
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