Basic and Clinical Aspects of Malignant Melanoma

226 Pages·1987·5.828 MB·English

by  Anthony P. Albino (auth.), Larry Nathanson M.D. (eds.)

Basic and Clinical Aspects of Malignant Melanoma
Cancer Treatment and Research
WILLIAM L MCGUIRE, series editor
Livingston R.B. (ed): Lung Cancer I. 1981. ISBN 90-247-2394-9.
Bennett Humphrey G., Dehner L.P., Grindey G.B., Acton R.T. (eds): Pediatric Oncology I.
1981. ISBN 90-247-2408-2.
DeCosse 1.1., Sherlock P. (eds): Gastrointestinal Cancer I. 1981. ISBN 90-247-2461-9.
Bennett 1.M. (ed): Lymphomas I, including Hodgkin's Disease. 1981. ISBN 90-247-2479-1.
Bloomfield C.D. (ed): Adult Leukemias I. 1982. ISBN 90-247-2478-3.
Paulson D.F. (ed): Genitourinary Cancer I. 1982. ISBN 90-247-2480-5.
Muggia F.M. (ed): Cancer Chemotherapy I. ISBN 90-247-2713-8.
Bennett Humphrey G., Grindey G.B. (eds): Pancreatic Tumors in Children. 1982. ISBN
90-247-2702-2.
Costanzl 1.1. (ed): Malignant Melanoma I. 1983. ISBN 90-247-2706-5.
Griffiths c.T., Fuller A.F. (eds): Gynecologic Oncology. 1983. ISBN 0-89838-555-5.
Greco A.F. (ed): Biology and Management of Lung Cancer. 1983. ISBN 0-89838-554-7.
Walker M.D. (ed): Oncology of the Nervous System. 1983. ISBN 0-89838-567-9.
Higby D.l. (ed): Supportive Care in Cancer Therapy. 1983. ISBN 0-89838-569-5.
Herberman R.B. (ed): Basic and Clinical Tumor Immunology. 1983. ISBN 0-89838-579-2.
Baker L.H. (ed): Soft Tissue Sarcomas. 1983. ISBN 0-89838-584-9.
Bennett 1.M. (ed): Controversies in the Management of Lymphomas. 1983. ISBN
0-89838-586-5.
Bennett Humphrey G., Grindey G.B. (eds): Adrenal and Endocrine Tumors in Children. 1983.
ISBN 0-89838-590-3.
DeCosse 1.1., Sherlock P. (eds): Clinical Management of Gastrointestinal Cancer. 1984. ISBN
0-89838-601-2.
Catalona W.l., Ratliff T.L. (eds): Urologic Oncology, 1984. ISBN 0-89838-628-4.
Santen R.l., Manni A. (eds): Diagnosis and Management of Endocrine-related Tumors. 1984.
ISBN 0-89838-636-5.
Costanzi 1.1. (ed): Clinical Management of Malignant Melanoma. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-656-X.
Wolf G.T. (ed): Head and Neck Oncology. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-657-8.
Alberts D.S., Surwit E.A. (eds): Ovarian Cancer. 1985. ISBN 0-89838-676-4.
Muggia F.M. (ed): Experimental and Clinical Progress in Cancer Chemotherapy. 1985. ISBN
0-89838-679-9.
Higby D.l. (ed): The Cancer Patient and Supportive Care. 1985. ISBN 0-89838-690-X.
Bloomfield C.D. (ed): Chronic and Acute Leukemias in Adults. 1985. ISBN 0-89838-702-7.
Herberman R.B. (ed): Cancer Immunology: Innovative Approaches to Therapy. 1986. ISBN
0-89838-757-4.
Hansen H.H. (ed): Lung Cancer: Basic and Clinical Aspects. 1986. ISBN 0-89838-763-9.
Pinedo H.M., Verweij 1. (eds): Clinical Management of Soft Tissue Sarcomas. 1986. ISBN
0-89838-808-2.
Higby D.l. (ed): Issues in Supportive Care of Cancer Patients. 1986. ISBN 0-89838-816-3.
Surwit E.A., Alberts D.S. (eds): Cervix Cancer. 1987. ISBN 0-89838-822-8.
lacobs C. (ed): Cancers of the Head and Neck. 1987. ISBN 0-89838-825-2.
MacDonald 1.S. (ed): Gastrointestinal Oncology. 1987. ISBN 0-89838-829-5.
Ratliff T.L., Catalona W.J. (eds): Genitourinary Cancer. 1987. ISBN 0-89838-830-9.
Nathanson L. (ed): Basic and Clinical Aspects of Malignant Melanoma. 1987. ISBN 0-89838-
856-2.
Muggia F.M. (ed): Concepts, Clinical Developments, and Therapeutic Advances in Cancer
Chemotherapy. 1987. ISBN 0-89838-879-5.
Basic and Clinical Aspects of
Malignant Melanoma
edited by:
Larry Nathanson,
Professor of Medicine
School of Medicine
Health Sciences Center
State University of New York at
Stony Brook
Stony Brook, New York
Director, Oncology-Hematology Division
Winthrop University Hospital
Mineola, New York
1987 MARTINUS NIJHOFF PUBLISHERS ..
a member of the Kluwer Academic Publishers Group
BOSTON / DORDRECHT / LANCASTER
Distributors
for the United States and Canada: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 101 Philip
Drive, Assinippi Park, Norwell, MA 02061, USA
for the UK and Ireland: Kluwer Academic Publishers, MTP Press Limited,
Falcon House, Queen Square, Lancaster LAI 1 RN, UK
for all other countries: Kluwer Academic Publishers Group, Distribution
Center, P.O. Box 322, 3300 AH Dordrecht, The Netherlands
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Basic and clinical aspects of malignant melanoma.
(Cancer treatment and research)
Includes index.
t. Melanoma. I Nathanson, Larry, 1928-
II. Series. [DNLM: I. Melanoma. WI CA693 /
QZ 200 B3105]
RC280.S5B37 1986 616.99'4 86-27357
ISBN-13:978-1-4612-9215-9 e-ISBN-13:978-1-4613-2043-2
001: 10 .1 007/978-1-4613-2043-2
Copyright
© 1987 by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Boston.
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1987
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a
retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical,
photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of
the publishers.
Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 101 Philip Drive, Assinippi Park, Norwell, MA
02061, USA.
To Thomas Christopher Hall, M.D., who taught me most of what I know about
oncology and first introduced me to the melanocyte and its fascinating biology.
Contents
Foreword IX
Preface XI
List of contributors
X11l
I. Basic Biology I
I. The role of oncogenes in the pathogenesis of malignant 3
melanoma
A.P. ALBINO
2. Laminin and fibronectin modulate the metastatic activity of 41
melanoma cells
V.P. TERRANOVA
3. Structure, function, and biosynthesis of ganglioside antigens 61
associated with human tumors derived from the
neuroectoderm
J.M. ROSENBERG and D.A. CHERESH
II. Natural History 87
4. Epidemiology of ocular melanoma 89
L. HYMAN, M.e. LESKE, and A. POLEDNAK
5. Malignant melanoma: Prognostic factors 119
T.J. HARRIST and e.L. DAY, Jr.
6. Endocrine influences on the natural history of human 131
malignant melanoma
L. NATHANSON and G.A. KULKARNI
7. Psychosocial factors associated with prognostic indicators, 141
progression, psychophysiology, and tumor-host response in
cutaneous malignant melanoma
R.J. DICLEMENTE and L. TEMOSHOK
V11
8. Central nervous system metastases in malignant melanoma 155
W.A. ROBINSON, K. JOBE, and R. STEVENS
III. Therapy 165
9. Interferon trials in the management of malignant melanoma 167
and other neoplasms: An overview
E.T. CREAGAN
10. The treatment of malignant melanoma by fast neutrons 195
P.R. BLAKE
Subject index 215
VIII
Cancer Treatment and Research
Foreword
Where do you begin to look for a recent, authoritative article on the
diagnosis or management of particular malignancy? The few general oncology
textbooks are generally out of date. Single papers in specialized journals are
informative but seldom comprehensive; these are more often preliminary
reports on a very limited number of patients. Certain general journals
frequently publish good in-depth reviews of cancer topics, and published
symposium lectures are often the best overviews available. Unfortunately, these
reviews and supplements appear sporadically, and the reader can never be sure
when a topic of special interest will be covered.
Cancer Treatment and Research is a series of authoritative volumes which
aim to meet this need. It is an attempt to establish a critical mass of oncology
literature covering virtually all oncology topics, revised frequently to keep the
coverage up to date, easily available on a single library shelf or by a single
personal subscription.
We have approached the problem in the following fashion. First, by dividing
the oncology literature into specific subdividions such as lung cancer, genitouri
nary cancer, pediatric oncology, etc. Second, by asking eminent authorities in
each of these areas to edit a volume on the specific topic on an annual or
biannual basis. Each topic and tumor type is covered in a volume appearing
frequently and predictably, discussing current diagnosis, staging, markers, all
forms of treatment modalities, basic biology, and more.
In Cancer Treatment and Research, we have an outstanding group of editors,
each having made a major commitment to bring to this new series the very best
literature in his or her field. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers has made an equally
major commitment to the rapid publication of high quality books, and world
wide distribution.
Where can you go to find quickly a recent authoritative article on any major
oncology problem? We hope that Cancer Treatment and Research provides an
answer.
WILLIAM L. MCGUIRE
Series Editor
IX
Preface
Basic and Clinical Aspects of Malignant Melanoma continues a series of
monographs on malignant melanoma ably initiated by John J. Costanzi. Its
goal is to put in one volume the latest research developments in this fascinating
and perplexing disease, whether they be in basic science or clinical
investigations.
Such a goal can only be accomplished by calling on multiple scientific
disciplines, and this volume includes studies in somatic cell biology, molecular
genetics, immunology, epidemiology, pharmacology, psychiatry, endocrin
ology, pathology, clinical trials, and even neutron radiotherapy. It is hoped that
the collection of such diverse disciplines can result in cross-fertilization among
them and the growth of new and more creative scientific concepts and research
approaches.
The book has been divided into three major sections. The first introduces the
reader to some new studies in the basic biology of melanoma. A.P. Albino starts
off by reviewing work in his and other laboratories on the role of oncogenes in
the pathogenesis of premalignant and malignant pigmented lesions. In the
second chapter, the precise cellular pathogenesis of metastases in melanoma is
explored by Dr. V.P. Terranova. Finally, in this section, Drs. J.M. Rosenberg
and D.A. Cheresh give us insight into the role and importance of ganglioside
antigens in the cell membrane of tumor cells derived from the neuroectoderm,
including melanoma.
The second section of the book is devoted to the natural history of
melanoma. M.e. Leske has a fascinating review of the role that demographic,
geographic, and time variables, as well as host, familial, and environmental
factors, may play in the development of ocular melanoma. Next, T.J. Harrist
describes the pathologic factors which seem to be most important in the
prognosis of human melanoma. L. Nathanson then describes clinical and
biological factors in human melanoma that suggest endocrine influence, or
control, of the growth of that disease. R. J. DiClemente and L. Temoshok ably
address this question: 'Do psychological factors have any relationship to
pathology, symptoms, tumor host response, prognosis, or ability to cope of
patients with malignant melanoma?' A major cause of failure of conventional
therapy for melanoma is relapse in the central nervous system. W.A. Robinson,
XI
K. lobe, and R. Stevens examine the patterns and potential therapy of this
distressing complication in the natural history of malignant melanoma.
The third section of this volume deals with treatment of melanoma. E.T.
Creagan reviews results of trials of interferon in melanoma, both from the point
of view of prognostic factors such as interferon receptors and clonogenic assays
for interferon activity, as well as pharmacology and therapeutic benefits
achieved with this novel and interesting family of glycoproteins. Melanoma has
long been known to be a relatively radio-resistant disease when treated with
conventional photon radiotherapy. Melanoma cells are capable of repair of
photon-induced radiation damage and protected by virtue of hypoxia. These
factors may be overcome by neutrons as demonstrated by the high response rate
reported by P.R. Blake in the final chapter.
In summary, it is hoped that this volume will bring together new data, both
from the basic science laboratory and the clinical investigator, and will be of real
usefulness to the 'melanoma maven' no matter what his or her scientific
background or discipline of study may be.
Acknowledgment to 1.M. McNicholas for her editorial help, to Mr. 1.K.
Smith of Martlnus NijhoffPublishers for support, and to Dr. W.L. McGuire for
suggesting that I undertake this project.
Larry Nathanson
editor
xii