Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles. Mediators of virulence and antibiotic resistance. Schaar, Viveka

74 Pages·2017·3.03 MB·English

Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles. Mediators of virulence and antibiotic resistance.
Schaar, Viveka
2013
Link to publication
Citation for published version (APA):
Schaar, V. (2013). Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles. Mediators of virulence and antibiotic resistance.
[Doctoral Thesis (compilation), Clinical Microbiology, Malmö]. Medical Microbiology, Lund University.
Total number of authors:
1
General rights
Unless other specific re-use rights are stated the following general rights apply:
Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors
and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the
legal requirements associated with these rights.
• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study
or research.
• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain
• You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal
Read more about Creative commons licenses: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/
Take down policy
If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove
access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.
LUND UNIVERSITY
PO Box 117
221 00 Lund
[phone]
Download date: 01. Jan. 2023
Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles
Mediators of virulence and antibiotic resistance

by due permission of the Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Sweden.
To be defended at the main lecture hall of the Pathology building, Skåne
University Hospital Malmö, on Friday October 18th 2013 at 13:00.

Faculty opponent
Assistant Professor Anders P. Håkansson,
Department of Microbiology and Immunology
University at Buffalo, the State University of New York,
Buffalo, New York, USA
1
Organization Document name
LUND UNIVERSITY
Date of issue
Author(s) Sponsoring organization
Title and subtitle
Abstract
Key words
Classification system and/or index terms (if any)
Supplementary bibliographical information Language

ISSN and key title 1652-8220 ISBN 978-91-87449-83-3
Recipient’s notes Number of pages Price
Security classification

Signature Date
2
Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles
Mediators of virulence and antibiotic resistance

Viveka Schaar

3
© 2013 Viveka Schaar
Lund University, Faculty of Medicine
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Malmö
Doctoral Dissertation Series 2013:111
ISBN 978-91-87449-83-3
ISSN 1652-8220
Cover photo: Manipulated TEM image of OMV-secreting Moraxella catarrhalis,
reprinted with permission from Oxford University Press and Springer Science
Printed in Sweden by Media-Tryck, Lund University
Lund 2013

4
Till Absent Friends

5
6
Table of Contents
Table of Contents 7
List of papers 9
Abbreviations 11
Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning 13
Introduction 15
Respiratory Tract Infections 15
Anatomy of the respiratory tract 15
Upper respiratory tract infections 16
Lower respiratory tract infections 16
Pathogens & Host Immunity 19
Bacteria 19
Innate immunity 20
Adaptive immunity 22
Immunity and bacterial infections 23
The Pathogens 25
Moraxella catarrhalis 25
Haemophilus influenzae 28
Streptococcus pneumoniae and group A streptococci 28
Nasopharyngeal co-infections 29
Outer Membrane Vesicles 31
Biogenesis 32
Characterization and composition 33
Cell interactions 34
Biofilms and vaccines 35
Pathogens & Antimicrobial Resistance 37
Antimicrobial drugs 37
Antibiotic resistance 38
Testing for antibiotic susceptibility and resistance 39
M. catarrhalis and H. influenzae resistance against β-lactam
antibiotics 39
The present investigation 43
7
Aims 43
Results and Discussion 44
Paper I 44
Paper II 47
Paper III 48
Paper IV 50
Conclusions 52
Future perspectives 53
Acknowledgements 56
References 58
Paper I-IV 75

8
List of papers
Schaar, V., de Vries, S.P., Perez Vidakovics, M.L., Bootsma, H.J., Larsson, L.,
Hermans, P.W., Bjartell, A., Mörgelin, M. and Riesbeck K. (2011).
Multicomponent Moraxella catarrhalis outer membrane vesicles induce an
inflammatory response and are internalized by human epithelial cells. Cellular
Microbiology 13, 432-449.

Schaar, V., Nordström, T., Mörgelin, M. and Riesbeck, K. (2011). Moraxella
catarrhalis outer membrane vesicles carry beta-lactamase and promote survival
of Streptococcus pneumonia and Haemophilus influenzae by inactivating
amoxicillin. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 55(8): 3845-53.

Schaar, V., Paulsson M., Mörgelin, M. and Riesbeck, K. (2012) Outer membrane
vesicles shield Moraxella catarrhalis -lactamase from neutralization by serum
IgG. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 68(3): 593-600.

Schaar, V., Uddbäck I., Nordström T., and Riesbeck, K. (2013) Group A
Streptococci are protected from amoxicillin-mediated killing by vesicles
containing β-lactamase derived from Haemophilus influenzae. Journal of
Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Aug 2, in press.

The published papers are reproduced with permission from respective copyright
holder; Paper I from John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Paper II from the American Society
of Microbiology, Paper III and Paper IV from Oxford University Press.
9