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Bachelor Japanists: Japanese aesthetics and Western masculinities PDF

439 Pages·2017·98.889 MB·English
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BACHELOR JAPANISTS JAPANESE AESTHETICS & WESTERN MASCULINITIES CHRISTOPHER REED B A C H E L O R J A P A N I S T S Modernist Latitudes Modernist Latitudes Jessica Berman and Paul Saint-Amour, Editors Modernist Latitudes aims to capture the energy and ferment of modernist studies by con- tinuing to open up the range of forms, locations, temporalities, and theoretical approaches encompassed by the field. The series celebrates the growing latitude (“scope for freedom of action or thought”) that this broadening affords scholars of modernism, whether they are investigating little-known works or revisiting canonical ones. Modernist Latitudes will pay particular attention to the texts and contexts of those latitudes (Africa, Latin America, Australia, Asia, Southern Europe, and even the rural United States) that have long been mis- recognized as ancillary to the canonical modernisms of the global North. Barry McCrea, In the Company of Strangers: Family and Narrative in Dickens, Conan Doyle, Joyce, and Proust, 2011 Jessica Berman, Modernist Commitments: Ethics, Politics, and Transnational Modernism, 2011 Jennifer Scappettone, Killing the Moonlight: Modernism in Venice, 2014 Nico Israel, Spirals: The Whirled Image in Twentieth-Century Literature and Art, 2015 Carrie Noland, Voices of Negritude in Modernist Print: Aesthetic Subjectivity, Diaspora, and the Lyric Regime, 2015 Susan Stanford Friedman, Planetary Modernisms: Provocations on Modernity Across Time, 2015 Steven S. Lee, The Ethnic Avant-Garde: Minority Cultures and World Revolution, 2015 Thomas S. Davis, The Extinct Scene: Late Modernism and Everyday Life, 2016 Carrie J. Preston, Learning to Kneel: Noh, Modernism, and Journeys in Teaching, 2016 Gayle Rogers, Incomparable Empires: Modernism and the Translation of Spanish and American Literature, 2016 Donal Harris, On Company Time: American Modernism in the Big Magazines, 2016 Celia Marshik, At the Mercy of Their Clothes: Modernism, the Middlebrow, and British Garment Culture, 2016 C H R I S T O P H E R R E E D B A C H E L O R J A P A N I S T S JAPANESE AESTHETICS AND WESTERN MASCULINITIES columbia university press New York columbia university press publishers since 1893 new york chichester, west sussex cup.columbia.edu Copyright © 2017 Columbia University Press All rights reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Reed, Christopher, 1961– author. Title: Bachelor Japanists : Japanese aesthetics and Western masculinities / Christopher Reed. Description: New York : Columbia University Press, [2016] | Series: Modernist latitudes | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2016026230 | ISBN 9780231175746 (cloth : acid-free paper) | ISBN 9780231175753 (pbk. : acid-free paper) | ISBN 9780231542760 (e-book) Subjects: LCSH: Aesthetics, Japanese. | East and West. | Masculinity in art. | Masculinity in literature. | Queer theory. Classification: LCC BH221.J3 R44 2016 | DDC 111/.8509—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016026230 Columbia University Press books are printed on permanent and durable acid-free paper. Printed in the United States of America Cover Design: Lisa Hamm Cover Image: © The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Art Resource, NY CONTENTS A Note on Names and Terms ix Acknowledgments xi Introduction 1 Bachelor Japanists 1 Queer and Away: Three Case Studies 5 Japanism and/as Modernism 8 Japan as Origin and Opposite 10 Alternative Identities 17 Japan and Orientalism 19 Visuality and Japanism 26 Sight and Subversion 31 1. Originating Japanism: Fin-de-Siècle Paris 37 Modernism and Japonisme 37 The First Japoniste(s) 38 The First Fictions of Japonisme 47 vi contents Alternative Origins, Other Fictions 50 Japonaises and Japonistes: Women in the Spaces of Japonisme 56 Bachelor Japoniste Quarters, Part 1: The House-Museum of Henri Cernuschi 69 Bachelor Japoniste Quarters, Part 2: The Maison des Goncourt 76 The Afterlife of the Maison des Goncourt 93 Bachelor Japoniste Quarters, Part 3: Hugues Krafft’s Midori-no-sato 99 A Coda About Japonisme’s Beginnings 110 2. Bachelor Brahmins: Turn-of-the-Century Boston 117 Japanism in the Athens of America 117 Imagined Aristocracies and the Politics of Taste 127 Implications for Institutions: Art History and Museums 135 Fictions Enabling and Exclusive 141 Fictions of Japanism and Gender 146 Japanism and/as Religion 150 The Private Space of Brahmin Japanism: W. S. Bigelow’s Tuckanuck 159 The Public Space of Brahmin Japanism, Part 1: The First Museum of Fine Arts 165 The Public Space of Brahmin Japanism, Part 2: The Second Museum of Fine Arts 171 Bachelor Japan 182 A Japanism of Her Own: Isabella Stewart Gardner’s House Museum 185 Last Words: Japanism Re-viewed 198 3. Sublimation and Eccentricity in the Art of Mark Tobey: Seattle at Midcentury 201 Spectacles of Libertad 201 Spirituality and/as Sublimation 204 Engaging the East: Seattle and Devon 215 Approaching the East with Bernard Leach 221 Counter Encounters: Tobey and Leach in China and Japan 225 Invoking the East: “White Writing” 237 Reorienting Seattle with Morris Graves and John Cage 246 A Marketplace of Ideas: Globalism and Regionalism in the “Northwest School” 258 The Avant-Garde and Its Exclusions 267 contents vii Japanese-American: Aesthetics of Affiliation in the Postwar Era 277 Disorienting Eccentricity: Japanism and/as the New Normal 283 Conclusion: On the End of Japanism 291 Notes 295 Bibliography 383 Index 411 A NOTE ON NAMES AND TERMS To avoid intrusive anachronism, my approach to rendering Japanese terms and names is consistently inconsistent. For the order of family and given names, I have followed my sources, adopting whatever practice seems standard in reference to the person in question. In cases that might seem ambiguous, I follow common library practice in underlining the first letter of the family name at first instance; thus, Osamu Noguchi and Okakura Kakuzo. Similarly, rather than consistently imposing a current specialist orthography for commonly used terms in my older Western sources, such as Noh, I maintain the older romanization.

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