AutoCAD Mechanical 2008 Users Guide

482 Pages·2007·5.615 MB·English

AutoCAD Mechanical 2008
User’s Guide
Part No. 20612-050000-5000A January 30, 2007
© 2007 Autodesk, Inc. All Rights Reserved
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Contents
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Chapter 1 About AutoCAD Mechanical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
AutoCAD Mechanical Software Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Leveraging Legacy Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Starting AutoCAD Mechanical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Accessing AutoCAD Mechanical Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
AutoCAD Mechanical Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Product Support and Training Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Design Features in AutoCAD Mechanical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Mechanical Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Associative Design and Detailing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
External References for Mechanical Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Associative 2D Hide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Autodesk Inventor Companion Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2D Design Productivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Engineering Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Machinery Systems Generators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Intelligent Production Drawing and Detailing . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Detailing Productivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Annotations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Standard Mechanical Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Standard Parts Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
v
Collaboration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Chapter 2 Commands in AutoCAD Mechanical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Command Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Chapter 3 New and Revised Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Revised Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
AMBALLOON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
AMBOM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
AMOPTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
AMPARTLIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
AMPARTREF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
AMPARTREFEDIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
AMPOWERDIM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
AMSCATLOG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
AMSCREATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
AMSEXTERNALIZE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
AMSINSERT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
AMSLOCALIZE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
AMSNEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
AMSTLSHAP2D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
AMSURFSYM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
AMWELDSYMBOL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
New Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
AMBROWSEROPEN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
AMBROWSERCLOSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
AMSCATALOGOPEN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
AMSCATALOGCLOSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
AMSNAVMODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Design and Annotation Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Chapter 4 Working with Templates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Working with Templates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Setting Up Starting Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Setting Mechanical Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Specifying Drawing Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Saving Templates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Using Templates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Setting Default Standards Templates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Chapter 5 Using Mechanical Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
vi | Contents
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Working with Mechanical Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Enabling Mechanical structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Folders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Creating Folders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Modifying Folders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Nesting Folders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Instance vs. Occurrence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Selection Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Components and Component Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Creating Part Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Creating Assembly Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Modifying Assembly Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Using Folders with Component Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Mechanical Browser Display Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Mechanical Browser and BOMs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Browser Restructure and Ghost Components . . . . . . . . . . . 90
External Reference Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Inserting External Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Editing External Components In-place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Localizing and Externalizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Annotation Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Associative Hide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Basics of AMSHIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Using AMSHIDE in Assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Chapter 6 Working with Layers and Layer Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Working with Layers and Layer Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Changing Layers By Selecting Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Creating Layer Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Using Layer Groups to Copy Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Chapter 7 Designing Levers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Extending Designs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Using Libraries to Insert Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Configuring Snap Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Creating Construction Lines (C-Lines) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Creating additional C-Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Creating Contours and Applying Fillets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Trimming Projecting Edges on Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Applying Hatch Patterns to Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Dimensioning Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Contents | vii
Creating and Dimensioning Detail Views . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Chapter 8 Working with Model Space and Layouts . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Working with Model Space and Layouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Creating Scale Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Creating Detail Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Generating New Viewports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
Inserting Holes Within Viewports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Creating Subassemblies in New Layouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Chapter 9 Dimensioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Adding Dimensions to Drawings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Adding Automatic Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Editing Dimensions with Power Commands . . . . . . . . . . . 175
Breaking Dimension Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Inserting Drawing Borders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Inserting Fits Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Chapter 10 Working with 2D Hide and 2D Steel Shapes . . . . . . . . . . 185
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
Working with 2D Hide and 2D Steel Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
Opening the initial drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
Defining 2D Hide Situations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Inserting 2D Steel Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
Modifying Steel Shapes Using Power Commands . . . . . . . . . 193
Editing 2D Hide Situations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Copying and Moving 2D Hide Situations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
Chapter 11 Working with Standard Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
Working with Standard Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Inserting Screw Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Copying Screw Connections with Power Copy . . . . . . . . . . 211
Creating Screw Templates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Editing Screw Connections with Power Edit . . . . . . . . . . . 222
Working with Power View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
Deleting with Power Erase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Inserting Holes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
Inserting Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
Turning Off Centerlines in Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
Hiding Construction Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
viii | Contents
Simplifying Representations of Standard Parts . . . . . . . . . . 239
Chapter 12 Working with BOMs and Parts Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
Working with Parts Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
Inserting Part References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Editing Part References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
Placing Balloons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
Creating Parts Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
Merging and Splitting Items In Parts Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Collecting Balloons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Sorting and Renumbering Items In Parts Lists . . . . . . . . . . 267
Using Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270
Chapter 13 Creating Shafts with Standard Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Creating Shafts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
Configuring Snap Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
Configuring Shaft Generators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
Creating Cylindrical Shaft Sections and Gears . . . . . . . . . . 282
Inserting Spline Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286
Inserting Chamfers and Fillets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
Inserting Shaft Breaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
Creating Side Views of Shafts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
Inserting Threads on Shafts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290
Editing Shafts and Inserting Sections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
Replacing Shaft Sections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
Inserting Bearings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294
Chapter 14 Calculating Shafts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
Calculating Shafts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
Creating Shaft Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302
Specifying Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
Placing Shaft Supports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305
Specifying Loads on Shafts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305
Calculating and Inserting Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308
Calculating Strengths of Shafts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
Engineering Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315
Chapter 15 Calculating Moments of Inertia and Deflection Lines . . . . . . 317
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318
Contents | ix
Calculating Moments of Inertia and Deflection Lines . . . . . . . . . 318
Calculating Moments of Inertia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
Calculating Deflection Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321
Chapter 16 Calculating Chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328
Chain Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328
Performing Length Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
Optimizing Chain Lengths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332
Inserting Sprockets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333
Inserting Chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338
Chapter 17 Calculating Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342
Calculating Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342
Starting Spring Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344
Specifying Spring Restrictions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
Calculating and Selecting Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348
Inserting Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
Creating Views of Springs with Power View . . . . . . . . . . . . 352
Chapter 18 Calculating Screw Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356
Methods for Calculating Screws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356
Using Stand Alone Screw Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357
Selecting and Specifying Screws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358
Selecting and Specifying Nuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360
Selecting and Specifying Washers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361
Specifying Plate Geometry and Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361
Specifying Contact Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364
Specifying Loads and Moments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365
Specifying Settlement Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367
Specifying Tightening Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368
Creating and Inserting Result Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
Chapter 19 Calculating Stress Using FEA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372
2D FEA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372
Calculating Stress In Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374
Defining Loads and Supports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375
Calculating Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377
Evaluating and Refining Mesh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379
Refining Designs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381
Recalculating Stress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382
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