AutoCAD 2008 3D Modeling Workbook for Dummies (ISBN - 0470097639) PDF
Preview AutoCAD 2008 3D Modeling Workbook for Dummies (ISBN - 0470097639)
by Lee Ambrosius AutoCAD ®2008 3D Modeling Workbook FOR DUMmIES ‰ 01_097632 ffirs.qxp 7/3/07 5:46 PM Page i 02_097632 ftoc.qxp 6/26/07 5:59 PM Page vi by Lee Ambrosius AutoCAD ®2008 3D Modeling Workbook FOR DUMmIES ‰ 01_097632 ffirs.qxp 7/3/07 5:46 PM Page i AutoCAD® 2008 3D Modeling Workbook For Dummies® Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc. 111 River Street Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774 www.wiley.com Copyright © 2007 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Legal Department, Wiley Publishing, Inc., 10475 Crosspoint Blvd., Indianapolis, IN 46256, (317) 572-3447, fax (317) 572-4355, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. Trademarks: Wiley, the Wiley Publishing logo, For Dummies, the Dummies Man logo, A Reference for the Rest of Us!, The Dummies Way, Dummies Daily, The Fun and Easy Way, Dummies.com, and related trade dress are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the United States and other countries, and may not be used without written permission. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Wiley Publishing, Inc., is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. Autodesk and AutoCAD are registered trademarks of Autodesk, Inc., in the U.S.A. and certain other countries. Certain con- tent, including trial software, provided courtesy Autodesk, Inc., © 2007. All rights reserved. LIMIT OF LIABILITY/DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY: THE PUBLISHER AND THE AUTHOR MAKE NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF THE CONTENTS OF THIS WORK AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION WARRANTIES OF FITNESS FOR A PAR- TICULAR PURPOSE. NO WARRANTY MAY BE CREATED OR EXTENDED BY SALES OR PROMOTIONAL MATERIALS. THE ADVICE AND STRATEGIES CONTAINED HEREIN MAY NOT BE SUITABLE FOR EVERY SITUATION. THIS WORK IS SOLD WITH THE UNDERSTANDING THAT THE PUBLISHER IS NOT ENGAGED IN RENDERING LEGAL, ACCOUNTING, OR OTHER PROFESSIONAL SERVICES. IF PROFESSIONAL ASSISTANCE IS REQUIRED, THE SERVICES OF A COMPETENT PROFESSIONAL PERSON SHOULD BE SOUGHT. NEITHER THE PUBLISHER NOR THE AUTHOR SHALL BE LIABLE FOR DAMAGES ARISING HEREFROM. THE FACT THAT AN ORGANIZATION OR WEBSITE IS REFERRED TO IN THIS WORK AS A CITATION AND/OR A POTENTIAL SOURCE OF FURTHER INFORMATION DOES NOT MEAN THAT THE AUTHOR OR THE PUBLISHER ENDORSES THE INFORMATION THE ORGANIZATION OR WEBSITE MAY PROVIDE OR RECOMMEN- DATIONS IT MAY MAKE. FURTHER, READERS SHOULD BE AWARE THAT INTERNET WEBSITES LISTED IN THIS WORK MAY HAVE CHANGED OR DISAPPEARED BETWEEN WHEN THIS WORK WAS WRITTEN AND WHEN IT IS READ. For general information on our other products and services, please contact our Customer Care Department within the U.S. at 800-762-2974, outside the U.S. at 317-572-3993, or fax 317-572-4002. For technical support, please visit www.wiley.com/techsupport. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. Library of Congress Control Number: 2007926005 ISBN: 978-0-470-09763-2 Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 01_097632 ffirs.qxp 7/3/07 5:46 PM Page ii About the Author Lee Ambrosius is a former resident of a cubicle community, which he resided in for about 8 years until deciding to go into business for himself. In 2005, Lee decided to venture off into the CAD industry as an independent consultant for HyperPics, LLC in De Pere, Wisconsin, and on the Web at www.hyperpics.com. He has been using AutoCAD since 1994 when he was first exposed to Release 12 for DOS, and has been customizing and programming AutoCAD since 1996. Lee has been an AutoCAD consultant and trainer for over a decade, and is both an Autodesk Authorized Author and an Autodesk Authorized Developer. Over the last decade, Lee has authored a variety of works that include articles for CAD maga- zines, white papers for Autodesk, and has been a contributing author on a few occasions for AutoCAD books. Lee is a co-author of AutoCAD and AutoCAD LT All-in-One Desk Reference For Dummies. He has done technical editing for the three most recent editions of AutoCAD For Dummies, and the four most recent editions of AutoCAD and AutoCAD LT Bible. AutoCAD 2008 3D Modeling Workbook For Dummies is his first solo venture as a book author. Dedication To my parents, for believing in me and being there when I needed them the most, especially when helping a broke college student purchase his first computer those many years ago (even though you thought it wasn’t the best thing to do at the time). Author’s Acknowledgments I have to give a special thanks to Kristina, my wife, and my three kids, Isaac, Amber, and Chloe, for letting me put in the long hours needed to complete this book. Thanks to all the great folks at Wiley for being supportive through this entire project and giving me this great opportunity to write this book. Thanks to Shaan Hurley, Bud Schroeder, and many of the other great professionals at Autodesk for taking the time to answer questions as they came up during this project. And following close behind, and picking up the loose ends for me, is my technical editor Mark Douglas. Mark is definitely not a stranger to AutoCAD, and is an up-and-coming individual in the CAD community who is always willing to help out a fellow user in need. 01_097632 ffirs.qxp 7/3/07 5:46 PM Page iii Publisher’s Acknowledgments We’re proud of this book; please send us your comments through our online registration form located at www. dummies.com/register/. Some of the people who helped bring this book to market include the following: Acquisitions, Editorial, and Media Development Project Editor: Rebecca Senninger Acquisitions Editor: Kyle Looper Copy Editor: Virginia Sanders Technical Editor: Mark Douglas Editorial Manager: Leah Cameron Media Development and Quality Assurance: Josh Frank Media Development Coordinator: Jenny Swisher Media Project Supervisor: Laura Moss-Hollister Editorial Assistant: Amanda Foxworth Sr. Editorial Assistant: Cherie Case Cartoons: Rich Tennant (www.the5thwave.com) Composition Services Project Coordinator: Adrienne Martinez Layout and Graphics: Carrie A. Foster, Denny Hager, Joyce Haughey, Stephanie D. Jumper Proofreaders: Christy Pingleton, Kathy Simpson Indexer: Aptara Anniversary Logo Design: Richard Pacifico Special Help: Mark Hechel of MasterGraphics, Inc. Publishing and Editorial for Technology Dummies Richard Swadley, Vice President and Executive Group Publisher Andy Cummings, Vice President and Publisher Mary Bednarek, Executive Acquisitions Director Mary C. Corder, Editorial Director Publishing for Consumer Dummies Diane Graves Steele, Vice President and Publisher Joyce Pepple, Acquisitions Director Composition Services Gerry Fahey, Vice President of Production Services Debbie Stailey, Director of Composition Services 01_097632 ffirs.qxp 7/3/07 5:46 PM Page iv Contents at a Glance Introduction.................................................................................1 Part I: Introducing AutoCAD .........................................................5 Chapter 1: AutoCAD and the User Interface .............................................................................................7 Chapter 2: Working with Drawing Files ...................................................................................................25 Chapter 3: Customizing Your Work Environment ..................................................................................43 Part II: Going from 2D to 3D.......................................................59 Chapter 4: Transitioning from 2D to 3D...................................................................................................61 Chapter 5: Viewing a 3D Model.................................................................................................................79 Chapter 6: Taking the Plunge into 3D ....................................................................................................107 Chapter 7: Additional Exercises: Making the Transition.....................................................................133 Part III: 3D Modeling — Solid Modeling....................................139 Chapter 8: Modeling with Solids.............................................................................................................141 Chapter 9: Modifying and Analyzing Solids ..........................................................................................163 Chapter 10: Creating Section and Auxiliary Views from Models........................................................185 Chapter 11: Additional Exercises: Modeling with Solids.....................................................................197 Part IV: 3D Modeling — Surfaces..............................................205 Chapter 12: Modeling with Surfaces ......................................................................................................207 Chapter 13: Complex Surface Modeling ................................................................................................223 Chapter 14: Modifying Surfaces..............................................................................................................235 Chapter 15: Additional Exercises: Modeling with Surfaces ................................................................245 Part V: Visualizing the Design...................................................255 Chapter 16: Lighting.................................................................................................................................257 Chapter 17: Materials...............................................................................................................................273 Chapter 18: Rendering and Animating...................................................................................................287 Chapter 19: Additional Exercises: Visualizing the Design...................................................................299 Part VI: Model Interchange.......................................................305 Chapter 20: Plotting to a Hardcopy or an Electronic File....................................................................307 Chapter 21: Importing and Exporting 3D Models.................................................................................321 Part VII: The Part of Tens..........................................................329 Chapter 22: More than Ten New Features in AutoCAD 2008...............................................................331 Chapter 23: More than Ten Software and Professional Design Resources .......................................341 Appendix A: Glossary................................................................345 Appendix B: About the DVD ......................................................347 Index.......................................................................................351 02_097632 ftoc.qxp 6/26/07 5:59 PM Page v 02_097632 ftoc.qxp 6/26/07 5:59 PM Page vi Table of Contents Introduction .................................................................................1 Part I: Introducing AutoCAD..........................................................5 Chapter 1: AutoCAD and the User Interface ......................................................................7 Launching AutoCAD...................................................................................................................7 Navigating the User Interface...................................................................................................9 Drawing window.............................................................................................................10 Command Line window .................................................................................................12 Text window....................................................................................................................12 Status bar ........................................................................................................................12 Status bar tray ................................................................................................................14 Toolbars...........................................................................................................................16 Menus...............................................................................................................................17 Dockable windows .........................................................................................................17 Giving AutoCAD Directions.....................................................................................................19 It’s all in the name ..........................................................................................................19 Repeating a command ...................................................................................................20 Canceling the current command..................................................................................20 Dynamic input.................................................................................................................21 Dialog boxes....................................................................................................................21 Sending an S.O.S. to AutoCAD ................................................................................................22 Online help......................................................................................................................22 InfoCenter........................................................................................................................22 Turning to the World Wide Web ...................................................................................24 Answers to Practice Opportunities .......................................................................................24 Chapter 2: Working with Drawing Files...........................................................................25 Creating a New Drawing ..........................................................................................................25 Drawing templates .........................................................................................................26 Starting from scratch.....................................................................................................27 Calling upon the wizard.................................................................................................28 Opening an Existing Drawing..................................................................................................28 Navigating Drawing Windows.................................................................................................30 Saving Drawings .......................................................................................................................31 Password-protecting your documents ........................................................................32 Attaching a digital signature.........................................................................................34 Closing Drawings......................................................................................................................36 Archiving and Backing Up Drawings .....................................................................................37 Recovering a Drawing..............................................................................................................39 Answers to Practice Opportunities .......................................................................................42 Chapter 3: Customizing Your Work Environment ............................................................43 Setting Up Drafting Options....................................................................................................43 Files tab ...........................................................................................................................45 Display tab ......................................................................................................................45 System tab.......................................................................................................................47 Drafting tab .....................................................................................................................49 3D Modeling tab..............................................................................................................50 Profiles tab ......................................................................................................................51 02_097632 ftoc.qxp 6/26/07 5:59 PM Page vii Using Workspaces....................................................................................................................53 Workspace settings ........................................................................................................54 Customizing AutoCAD and Its User Interface.......................................................................56 Customizing the user interface.....................................................................................56 Other methods of customizing AutoCAD....................................................................57 Answers to Practice Opportunities .......................................................................................58 Part II: Going from 2D to 3D .......................................................59 Chapter 4: Transitioning from 2D to 3D .............................................................................61 3D Modeling Types Available in AutoCAD ............................................................................61 Wireframe model............................................................................................................61 Surface model .................................................................................................................62 Solid model......................................................................................................................62 Going Above the Plane ............................................................................................................63 Entering coordinate values at the command prompt................................................63 Object snaps ...................................................................................................................66 Object snap tracking......................................................................................................68 Point filters......................................................................................................................69 Elevating (not levitating) objects.................................................................................70 Working with the Coordinate Systems ..................................................................................70 Understanding the coordinate systems .....................................................................71 Getting your bearings from the UCS icon ...................................................................71 Customizing the display of the UCS icon ...................................................................73 Modifying the UCS .........................................................................................................75 Manipulating the UCS dynamically ..............................................................................76 Answers to Practice Opportunities .......................................................................................77 Chapter 5: Viewing a 3D Model .........................................................................................79 Establishing the Point of View................................................................................................80 Orthogonal viewpoints..................................................................................................80 Isometric viewpoints .....................................................................................................80 Using the Viewpoint Presets dialog box......................................................................81 Accessing the tripod and compass to find your way ................................................82 Standard Viewing Mechanics..................................................................................................83 Zooming and panning ....................................................................................................83 Orbiting............................................................................................................................85 Looking at a model from two different ways ..............................................................87 Advanced Viewing Mechanics................................................................................................88 Configuring Fly and Walk...............................................................................................89 Navigating with Fly and Walk........................................................................................89 Setting the Stage: Cameras and Backgrounds......................................................................91 Named views...................................................................................................................92 Cameras...........................................................................................................................94 Backgrounds ...................................................................................................................96 Giving Your 3D Models Style (Fashion Tips Not Included).................................................98 Controlling the Display Quality of 3D Solids ......................................................................102 Answers to Practice Opportunities .....................................................................................105 Chapter 6: Taking the Plunge into 3D..............................................................................107 Getting Started: Creating Your First 3D Model...................................................................107 Grid and snap................................................................................................................108 Limits .............................................................................................................................110 Layers ............................................................................................................................111 viii AutoCAD 2008 3D Modeling Workbook For Dummies 02_097632 ftoc.qxp 6/26/07 5:59 PM Page viii
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