Autism: Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Immune Abnormalities

458 Pages·2009·4.28 MB·English

by  Abha Chauhan

Autism

Autism
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Autism : oxidative stress, inflammation, and immune abnormalities / edited by Abha
Chauhan, Ved Chauhan, and Ted Brown.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4200-6881-8 (hardcover : alk. paper)
1. Autism--Pathophysiology. 2. Oxidative stress. 3. Inflammation. 4.
Neuroimmunology. I. Chauhan, Abha, 1957- II. Chauhan, Ved. III. Brown, Ted, 1946-
[DNLM: 1. Autistic Disorder--etiology. 2. Inflammation. 3. Oxidative Stress. WM
203.5 A93805 2010]
RC553.A88A8726 2010
616.85’882--dc22 2009024353
Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
and the CRC Press Web site at
http://www.crcpress.com
This book is dedicated to the children and adults who
have Autism spectrum disorders, to the family members
and health care professionals who provide care for them,
and to the scientists and sponsoring agencies devoted
to research on autism and related disorders.

Contents
Preface.......................................................................................................................xi
Editors ....................................................................................................................xvii
Contributors ............................................................................................................xix
Chapter 1 Type, Topography, and Sequelae of Neuropathological Changes
Shaping Clinical Phenotype of Autism ................................................1
Jerzy Wegiel, Thomas Wisniewski, Abha Chauhan,
Ved Chauhan, Izabela Kuchna, Krzysztof Nowicki, Humi Imaki,
Jarek Wegiel, Shuang Yong Ma, Teresa Wierzba Bobrowicz,
Ira L. Cohen, Eric London, and W. Ted Brown
Chapter 2 Evidence for Oxidative Damage in the Autistic Brain .......................35
Teresa A. Evans, George Perry, Mark A. Smith,
Robert G. Salomon, Woody R. McGinnis,
Elizabeth M. Sajdel-Sulkowska, and Xiongwei Zhu
Chapter 3 Oxidative Stress and Neurotrophin Signaling in Autism ...................47
Elizabeth M. Sajdel-Sulkowska
Chapter 4 Genetics of Autism .............................................................................61
W. Ted Brown
Chapter 5 Phenotypic Expression of Autism, Maternal Depression,
and the Monoamine Oxidase-A Gene ................................................73
Ira L. Cohen
Chapter 6 Paraoxonase 1 Status, Environmental Exposures,
and Oxidative Stress in Autism Spectrum Disorders .........................91
Maria Dronca and Sergiu P. Pas¸ca
Chapter 7 The Redox/Methylation Hypothesis of Autism: A Molecular
Mechanism for Heavy Metal-Induced Neurotoxicity ......................113
Richard C. Deth and Christina R. Muratore
vii
viii Contents
Chapter 8 Autism and Oxidative Stress: Evidence from an Animal Model .......131
Michelle A. Cheh, Alycia K. Halladay, Carrie L. Yochum,
Kenneth R. Reuhl, Marianne Polunas, Xue Ming,
and George C. Wagner
Chapter 9 Neurotoxic Brainstem Impairment as Proposed
Threshold Event in Autistic Regression ...........................................153
Woody R. McGinnis, Veronica M. Miller, Tapan Audhya,
and Stephen M. Edelson
Chapter 10 Abnormalities in Membrane Lipids, Membrane-Associated
Proteins, and Signal Transduction in Autism ...................................177
Ved Chauhan and Abha Chauhan
Chapter 11 Mitochondrial Component of Calcium Signaling
Abnormality in Autism ....................................................................207
J. Jay Gargus
Chapter 12 Infl ammation and Neuroimmunity in the Pathogenesis
of Autism: Neural and Immune Network Interactions .....................225
Carlos A. Pardo-Villamizar and Andrew W. Zimmerman
Chapter 13 Possible Impact of Innate Immunity on Autism ..............................245
Harumi Jyonouchi
Chapter 14 Autism, Gastrointestinal Disturbance, and Immune
Dysfunction: What Is the Link .........................................................277
Paul Ashwood, Amanda Enstrom, and Judy Van de Water
Chapter 15 Possible Mechanism Involving Intestinal Oxytocin,
Oxidative Stress, and Signaling Pathways in a Subset
of Autism with Gut Symptoms .........................................................299
Martha G. Welch and Benjamin Y. Klein
Chapter 16 Cytokine Polymorphisms in Autism:
Their Role in Immune Alterations ...................................................315
Fabián Crespo, Rafael Fernandez-Botran,
Christopher Tillquist, Lonnie Sears, Meghan Mott,
and Manuel Casanova
Contents ix
Chapter 17 Autism, Teratogenic Alleles, HLA-DR4, and Immune Function .....325
William G. Johnson, Steven Buyske, Edward S. Stenroos,
and George H. Lambert
Chapter 18 Autism: The Centrality of Active Pathophysiology and
the Shift from Static to Chronic Dynamic Encephalopathy ............343
Martha R. Herbert
Chapter 19 A Reevaluation of the State of Autism Treatment:
The Need for a Biopsychosocial Perspective ...................................389
Eric London
Index ......................................................................................................................419