Autism : neural basis and treatment possibilities

320 Pages·2003·2.187 MB·English

by  Bock, Gregory, Goode, Jamie

Autism:NeuralBasisandTreatmentPossibilities:NovartisFoundationSymposium251.
Volume251.EditedbyGregoryBockandJamieGoode
CopyrightNovartisFoundation2003.ISBN:0-470-85099-X
AUTISM:
NEURAL BASIS
AND TREATMENT
POSSIBILITIES
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Novartis Foundation Symposium 251
AUTISM:
NEURAL BASIS
AND TREATMENT
POSSIBILITIES
2003
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LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Autism:neuralbasisandtreatmentpossibilities[editors,GregoryBockandJamieGoode].
p.cm.^(NovartisFoundationsymposium;251)
Symposiumonautism:neuralbasisandtreatmentpossibilities,heldattheNovartis
Foundation,London,18^20June2002.
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindexes.
ISBN0-470-85099-X(alk.paper)
1.Autism^Congresses. 2.Autisminchildren^Congresses. 3.
Neurophysiology^Congresses. I.Bock,Gregory. II.Goode,Jamie. III.Series
RJ506.A9A92282003
618.92’8982^dc21 2003049714
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Contents
SymposiumonAutism:neuralbasisandtreatmentpossibilities,heldattheNovartisFoundation,
London,18^20June2002
ThissymposiumisbasedonaproposalmadebyProfessorSirMichaelRutter
Editors:GregoryBock(Organizer)andJamieGoode
MichaelRutter Introduction:autism(cid:2)thechallengesahead 1
TonyCharman Epidemiologyandearlyidenti¢cationofautism:research
challengesandopportunities 10
Discussion 19
AnthonyBaileyandJeremyParr Implicationsofthebroaderphenotypefor
conceptsofautism 26
Discussion 36
G.BarnbyandA.P.Monaco Strategiesforautismcandidategeneanalysis 48
Discussion 63
SusanE.Folstein,MichaelDowd,RaymondMankoskiand
OvsannaTadevosyan Howmightgeneticmechanismsoperateinautism? 70
Discussion 80
DavidSkuse X-linkedgenesandtheneuralbasisofsocialcognition 84
Discussion 98
GeneraldiscussionI 109
MargaretL.BaumanandThomasL.Kemper Theneuropathologyoftheautism
spectrumdisorders:whathavewelearned? 112
Discussion 122
W.IanLipkinandMadyHornig Microbiologyandimmunologyofautism
spectrumdisorders 129
Discussion 144
v
vi CONTENTS
ChrisFrith Whatdoimagingstudiestellusabouttheneuralbasisofautism? 149
Discussion 166
DavidG.AmaralandBlytheA.Corbett Theamygdala,autismandanxiety 177
Discussion 187
FrancescaHappe¤ Cognitioninautism:onede¢citormany? 198
Discussion 207
DorothyV.M.Bishop Autismandspeci¢clanguageimpairment:categorical
distinctionorcontinuum? 213
Discussion 226
JanK.Buitelaar Whyhavedrugtreatmentsbeensodisappointing? 235
Discussion 245
PatriciaHowlin Canearlyinterventionsalterthecourseofautism? 250
Discussion 260
GeraldineDawsonandKathleenZanolli Earlyinterventionandbrainplasticity
inautism 266
Discussion 274
Finaldiscussion 281
MichaelRutter Summing-up 289
Indexofcontributors 298
Subjectindex 300
Participants
DavidG.Amaral UCDavisCenterforNeuroscience,1544NewtonCourt,
Davis,CA95616,USA
AnthonyJ.Bailey DepartmentofPsychiatry,UniversityofOxford,
ParkHospital,OldRoad,Headington,OxfordOX37LQ,UK
GillianBaird NewcomenCentre,UMDS,Guy’sHospital,StThomasStreet,
LondonSE19RT,UK
MargaretL.Bauman Children’sNeurologyService,MassachusettsGeneral
Hospital,55FruitStreet,Boston,MA02114,USA
DorothyBishop DepartmentofExperimentalPsychology,Universityof
Oxford,SouthParksRoad,OxfordOX13UD,UK
PatrickBolton DepartmentofPsychiatry,UniversityofCambridge,LevelE4,
Addenbrooke’sHospital,HillsRoad,CambridgeCB22QQ,UK
JanBuitelaar DepartmentofPsychiatryandAcademicCenterforChildand
AdolescentPsychiatry,UniversityMedicalCenterStRadboud(Internal
Post333),P.O.Box9101,6500HBNijmegen,TheNetherlands
TonyCharman BehaviouralandBrainSciencesUnit,InstituteofChildHealth,
30GuilfordStreet,LondonWC1N1EH,UK
GeraldineDawson UWAutismCenter,CenteronHumanDevelopmentand
Disability,Box357920,Seattle,WA98195,USA
SusanFolstein NEMCDepartmentofPsychiatry,750WashingtonStreet,
Box1007Boston,MA02111,USA
EricFombonne McGillUniversityDivisionofPsychiatry,Montre¤alChildren’s
Hospital,4018SteCatherineOuest,Montreal,Que¤bec,CanadaH3Z1P2
vii
viii PARTICIPANTS
ChrisFrith WellcomeDepartmentofImagingNeuroscience,Instituteof
Neurology,12QueenSquare,LondonWC1N3BG,UK
UtaFrith InstituteofCognitiveNeuroscience&DepartmentofPsychology,
UniversityCollegeLondon,AlexandraHouse,17QueenSquare,London
WC1N3AR,UK
FrancescaHappe¤ Social,GeneticandDevelopmentalPsychiatryResearch
Centre,InstituteofPsychiatry,111DenmarkHill,LondonSE58AF,UK
ChrisHollis DivisionofPsychiatry,EFloor/SouthBlock,Queen’sMedical
Centre,NottinghamNG72UH,UK
PatriciaHowlin DepartmentofPsychology,StGeorge’sHospitalMedical
School,CranmerTerrace,LondonSW170RE,UK
W.IanLipkin CenterforImmunopathogenesisandInfectiousDiseases,
MailmanSchoolofPublicHealth,722West168thSt,ColumbiaUniversity,New
York,NY10032,USA
CatherineLord UniversityofMichigan,AutismandCommunication
DisordersCenter(UMACC),1111CatherineStreet,AnnArbor,MI48109,USA
AnthonyMonaco TheWellcomeTrustCentreforHumanGenetics,Roosevelt
Drive,UniversityofOxford,OxfordOX37BN,UK
MargaretPericak-Vance CenterforHumanGenetics,Departmentof
Medicine,DukeUniversityMedicalCenter,Box3445,Durham,NC27710,USA
NicoleRinehart DepartmentofPsychologicalMedicine,MonashMedical
Centre,246ClaytonRoad,Victoria3168,Australia
SallyRogers MINDInstitute,UniversityofCaliforniaDavis,4860YStreet,
Room3020,Sacramento,CA95817,USA
SirMichaelRutter(Chair) Box080SGDPResearchCentre,Instituteof
Psychiatry,DeCrespignyPark,DenmarkHill,LondonSE58AF,UK
RobertSchultz YaleUniversityChildStudyCenter,230SouthFrontageRoad,
NewHaven,CT06520,USA
PARTICIPANTS ix
MarianD.Sigman DepartmentofPsychology,UniversityofCalifornia
LosAngeles,FranzHall2344C,Box951563,LosAngeles,CA90095-1563,
USA
DavidSkuseBehaviouralandBrainSciencesUnit,InstituteofChildHealth,
30GuilfordStreet,LondonWC1N1EH,UK