Australia's National Heritage

100 Pages·2010·9.22 MB·English

AUSTRALIA’S
a u s t r a l i a ’s n a t i o n a l h e r i t a g e
© Commonwealth of Australia, 2010
Published by the Australian Government
Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts
ISBN: 978-1-921733-02-4
Information in this document may be copied for personal use or
published for educational purposes, provided that any extracts are
fully acknowledged.
Heritage Division
Australian Government Department of the Environment,
Water, Heritage and the Arts
GPO Box 787
Canberra ACT 2601
Australia
Email
“Our heritage provides an enduring golden thread
that binds our diverse past with our life today
and the stories of tomorrow.”
Anonymous
Willandra Lakes Region
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A message from the Minister
Welcome to the second edition of Australia’s National Heritage celebrating the 87 special
places on Australia’s National Heritage List.
Australia’s heritage places are a source of great national pride. Each and every site tells a
unique Australian story. These places and stories have laid the foundations of our shared
national identity upon which our communities are built.
The treasured places and their stories featured throughout this book represent Australia’s
remarkably diverse natural environment. Places such as the Glass House Mountains and the
picturesque Australian Alps. Other places celebrate Australia’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait
islander culture—the world’s oldest continuous culture on earth—through places such as the
Brewarrina Fish Traps and Mount William Stone Hatchet Quarry. Australia’s built heritage is
highlighted through sites as varied as the Echuca Wharf and the Mawson’s Huts Historic Site
in Antarctica.
Several places featured in this book, like Bondi Beach, are well known both here and overseas.
Bondi, arguably the home of Australia’s frst surf lifesaving club, is one of the world’s most
famous beaches and epitomises Australia’s open-to-all-comers beach culture.
Other locations on the National Heritage List are important for combining remarkable
natural and indigenous qualities. Witjira-Dalhousie Springs, for example, is in the largest
artesian system in the world: Australia’s Great Artesian Basin. These Springs are special,
not only as a home for distinct species of plants and animals, but they also hold signifcant
meaning to the indigenous people of Australia as a place long associated with traditional
stories and songs.
Our heritage places and stories are increasingly recognised as an important driver of regional
economies. Places on our National Heritage List are drawcards for domestic and international
tourists. When people visit these places they are helping others build sustainable livelihoods
through their support of local businesses and service industries in towns and cities across
Australia. This is why in 2009 the Australian Government provided $60 million through the
$650 million Jobs Fund initiative for high priority heritage conservation projects; the largest
ever investment in Australia’s heritage.
i hope you enjoy reading Australia’s National Heritage, the richness and diversity of Australia’s
stories are wonderful to check out.
The Hon Peter Garrett AM MP
AUSTRALIAN GOVERNMENT MINISTER FOR
THE ENVIRONMENT, HERITAGE AND THE ARTS
A U S T R A L I A’ S N AT I O N A L H E R I TA G E I I I
Kurnell Peninsula: Captain Cook’s Landing Place
i v A U S T R A L I A’ S N AT I O N A L H E R I TA G E
National Library of Australia
A message from the Chairman
of the Australian Heritage Council
There are few more exciting or stimulating tasks than to identify the natural, historic and
indigenous places that are signifcant to all Australians.
The Australian Heritage Council’s task is to assess nominated places against the National
Heritage criteria to determine if they are of outstanding value to our nation.
Since the Council frst embarked on the listing process six years ago we have found it an
intriguing journey. it has been a voyage through the issues that defne us as a country and a
people. We are relishing the challenges of our role and are inspired by the passion, care and
concern we have seen for these places in their community and the community at large. Places
have been nominated and promoted by private citizens, heritage bodies and state, federal and
local governments.
The List links familiar and iconic places such as the Sydney Opera House and the Melbourne
Cricket Ground with lesser known places such as Budj Bim, which is the site of one of the
oldest aquaculture systems in Australia. it links sites of great national celebrations, such as
Melbourne’s Royal Exhibition Building, with places of sorrow and disquiet such as Tasmania’s
Port Arthur and the Myall Creek Massacre site. it also links places of great historic moments
such as Captain Cook’s Landing Place and events that have taken mythological standing such
as the site of Ned Kelly’s last stand at Glenrowan and the Tree of Knowledge at Barcaldine.
We have been engaged in some ambitious and testing assessments—the Australian Alps
which spread across two States and the A.C.T. and include multiple layers of signifcance—
Natural, Cultural and indigenous. As a Council we have sought out places that have such
complexity—we fnd it one of the most interesting features of our heritage.
These and other places comprise the Australian story. identifying them, telling their tales
and providing a framework for their protection is the purpose of the National Heritage List.
i hope that what we manage to do with the National Heritage List will inspire a greater
awareness and support for heritage throughout Australia and perhaps it will help us know
more about ourselves as a nation and a people and as custodians of this continent.
The AHC members who have worked on the development of this list are:
Mr Roger Beale AO Mr Jonathan Mills (associate member)
Mr Rodney Dillon Dr Denis Saunders AM
Dr Jacqueline Huggins AM FAHA Dr Gaye Sculthorpe
Mr Michael Kennedy Adjunct Professor Sharon Sullivan AO
Dr Jane Lennon AM Mr Howard Tanner
The Hon Richard Lewis (associate member) Associate Professor Peter valentine
Dr Libby Mattiske Dr Richard Walley OAM
All the councillors would like to acknowledge and thank the staff of the Heritage Division for
their great commitment to our common purpose.
Tom Harley
CHAIRMAN OF THE AUSTRALIAN HERITAGE COUNCIL
A U S T R A L I A’ S N AT I O N A L H E R I TA G E V
Dinosaur Stampede National Monument, Lark Quarry
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Contents
Introduction 2 Australian Fossil Mammal Sites 44
The National Heritage List 3 Fraser island 45
Australia’s National Heritage List map 4 Gondwana Rainforests of Australia 46
Great Barrier Reef 47
AUSTRALIA’S HERITAGE PLACES
Greater Blue Mountains 48
Budj Bim National Heritage Landscape 5 Heard and McDonald islands 49
Royal Exhibition Building and Carlton Gardens 6 Kakadu National Park 50
Dinosaur Stampede National Monument, Lark Quarry 7 Lord Howe island Group 51
Kurnell Peninsula: Captain Cook’s Landing Place 8 Macquarie island 52
Gold Strike 9 Purnululu National Park 53
Mawson’s Huts and Mawson’s Huts Historic Site 10 Shark Bay 54
Brewarrina Aboriginal Fish Traps (Baiame’s Ngunnhu) 11 Tasmanian Wilderness 55
Port Arthur Historic Site 12 Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park 56
Glenrowan Heritage Precinct 13 Wet Tropics of Queensland 57
Sydney Opera House 14 Willandra Lakes Region 58
Fremantle Prison 15 Dampier Archipelago 59
First Government House Site 16 Former High Court of Australia 60
20th Century Architecture 17 Cascades Female Factory 61
Recherche Bay (North East Peninsula) Area 19 Coal Mines Historic Site 62
Richmond Bridge 20 Darlington Probation Station 63
HMvS Cerberus 21 Cockatoo island 64
Melbourne Cricket Ground 22 Hyde Park Barracks 65
Tree of Knowledge 23 Kingston and Arthurs vale Historic Area 66
South Australia’s Old and New Parliament Houses 24 Old Government House and the Government Domain 67
Dirk Hartog Landing Site 1616 – Cape inscription Area 25 Old Great North Road 68
Batavia Shipwreck Site and Survivor Camps Area 1629 – Wave Hill Walk-Off Route 69
Houtman Abrolhos 26 Point Cook Air Base 70
Hermannsburg Historic Precinct 27 Brickendon Estate 71
Australian War Memorial and Anzac Parade 28 Woolmers Estate 72
North Head, Sydney 29 High Court–National Gallery Precinct 73
Point Nepean Defence Sites and Quarantine Station Area 30 Bonegilla Migrant Camp – Block 19 74
Old Parliament House and Curtilage 31 Bondi Beach 75
Glass House Mountains National Landscape 32 Mount William Stone Hatchet Quarry 76
Rippon Lea House and Gardens 33 Cyprus Hellene Club – Australian Hall 77
Flemington Racecourse 34 Myall Creek Massacre and Memorial Site 78
Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park, Lion island, Adelaide Park Lands and City Layout 79
Long island and Spectacle island Nature Reserves 35
Australian Alps 80
Warrumbungle National Park 36
QANTAS Hangar – Longreach 81
Royal National Park and Garawarra State Conservation Area 37
Elizabeth Springs 82
Grampians National Park (Gariwerd) 38
Witjira-Dalhousie Springs 83
Stirling Range National Park 39
Porongurup National Park 84
Flora Fossil Site, Yea 40
Cheetup rock shelter 85
Ediacara Fossil Site 41
Sydney Harbour Bridge 42 Protecting Australia’s National Heritage 87
Echuca Wharf 43
AU S T R A L I A’ S N AT I O N A L H E R I TA G E 1
introduction
Heritage: what is or may be inherited;
that which belongs to one by reason of birth;
inheritance; something passed down to future generations
Australia is a complex and diverse
nation composed of both indigenous
and immigrant peoples from nearly
200 countries. But it is our common
heritage that makes us distinctively
Australian.
By recognising our heritage—our past, our signifcant
places and the source of our values—we can better
understand our special place in the world.
Heritage can be something you can touch and see
but it can also be things you can’t, like music, stories,
spoken history and traditions. Heritage represents all the
things that make Australia and Australians unique. it
helps us remember where we came from and where we
belong. Heritage is all the things that make up our story,
tangible and intangible, and as we value them we must Images from top left: Old Great North Road, Sydney Opera House, Gondwana
protect them. Rainforests, Australian War Memorial, Tasmanian Wilderness
Through conservation, recognition and promotion of the
cultural identity of all Australians we can contribute to
a greater understanding and acceptance of our diversity.
Ultimately this will contribute to strengthening our
community and our place in the world.
The aim of this publication is to provide a glimpse of the
places in the National Heritage List and explain why they
were listed. The guide illustrates the great diversity of
outstanding heritage places within Australia.
2 AU S T R A L I A’ S N AT I O N A L H E R I TA G E
Joe Shemesh