Australia's history : themes and debates PDF
Preview Australia's history : themes and debates
A U AU S T R A L I A’ S S T H I S T O R Y Australia’s History: Themes and Debates presents an R up-to-date account of issues and debates in Australian A history. Written for students and readers who may themes & debates L not be familiar with Australian history, this short vol- I ume offers a compelling introduction to the current A state of knowledge and issues of concern to Austra- ’ lian historians today. S H A team of leading contributors tackle major themes I related to Aboriginal history, Australian national S identity, immigration, urbanisation and Australia’s T historical relationships with Asia. They offer a syn- O thesis of existing work and their own original research R that challenges prevailing myths. The result is a suc- cinct appraisal of the exciting and topical issues that Y inform Australian history-writing now. L e Y d O i t e N d S b • y R U UNSW PRESS S S E L L e d i t e d b y M A RT Y N LYONS • PEN N Y RUSSELL UNSW PRESS AustHist.indd 1 26/7/05 11:33:25 AM Australia'sHistoryfinal1 2/5/05 12:41 PM Page i AUSTRALIA’S H I S T O R Y MARTYN LYONS is Professor of History and Associate Dean for Research in the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences at the University of New South Wales. He has published widely on French revolution- ary and Napoleonic history, and on the history of the book and reading practices in Europe and Australia. PENNY RUSSELL lectures in Australian history, autobiography and scandal at the University of Sydney. She is the author of A Wish of Distinction: Colonial Gentility and Femininity and This Errant Lady: Jane Franklin’s Overland Journey to Port Phillip and Sydney 1839. Australia'sHistoryfinal1 2/5/05 12:41 PM Page ii Australia'sHistoryfinal1 2/5/05 12:41 PM Page iii AUSTRALIA’S H I S T O R Y Themes and Debates edited by MARTYN LYONS and PENNY RUSSELL UNSW PRESS Australia'sHistoryfinal1 2/5/05 12:41 PM Page iv A UNSW Press book Published by University of New South Wales Press Ltd University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 AUSTRALIA www.unswpress.com.au © UNSW Press, the editors and contributors 2005 First published 2005 This book is copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study, research, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission. While copyright of the work as a whole is vested in UNSW Press, copyright of individual chapters is retained by the chapter authors. Inquiries should be addressed to the publisher. National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Lyons, Martyn, 1946– . Australia’s history: themes and debates. Includes index. ISBN 0 86840 790 9. 1. Australia - History. I. Russell, Penelope Ann. II. Title. 994 Design Di Quick Print Griffin Press Cover image Donald Friend, Bennelong’s Duel with Colebee, 1964. Reproduced with permission from the Estate of the late Donald Friend. Collection: Sydney Opera House Trust, bequest of Dr Stuart Scougall, 1970. Australia'sHistoryfinal1 2/5/05 12:41 PM Page v CONTENTS Contributors vii Timeline ix Introduction MARTYN LYONS AND PENNY RUSSELL xiii 1 The battlefields of Aboriginal history ANNA HAEBICH 1 2 Unsettling settler society PENNY RUSSELL 22 3 The view from the north REGINA GANTER 41 4 Australia’s Asian futures DAVID WALKER 63 5 The view from the west CHARLIE FOX 81 6 Immigration history CATRIONA ELDER 98 7 Symbols of Australia RICHARD WHITE 116 8 Australians and war MELANIEOPPENHEIMERANDBRUCESCATES 134 9 The common bond?Australian citizenship ALISONHOLLAND 152 10 Cities, suburbs and communities SEAMUS O’HANLON 172 Further reading 190 Index 193 Australia'sHistoryfinal1 2/5/05 12:41 PM Page vi Equator SINGAPORE PAPUA NEW SOLOMON • Jakarta INDONESIA GUINEA ISLANDS Timor Torres StraitMer Is. Pacific • Port Moresby Ocean Darwin VANUATU Coral Sea FIJI Pilbara AUSTNRTALIA PeCnYiaonprskeu laGreat Barrier NEW CALEDONIA Tropic of Capricorn QLD Reef Uluru WA SA VEID •Brisbane Nullarbor Plain DI T Indian Perth• •AdelaidNeSWGR•EA•Sydney Norfolk Island Ocean Kangaroo Is. Canberra King George Sd Encounter Bay VIC•MelFbloinudrenres Is. Tasman Bass Strait TA•S Sea Hobart Southern Ocean NEW ZEALAND Australia and its region Australia'sHistoryfinal1 2/5/05 12:41 PM Page vii CONTRIBUTORS CATRIONA ELDER is a lecturer in the Department of Sociology and FIJI Social Policy at the University of Sydney. Her recent work has focused on issues of race relations in Australia in the twentieth century. CHARLIE FOX teaches in the History Department at the University of Western Australia, Perth. His research interests include the history of the 1960s, work and unemployment. His latest book Fighting Back: the politics of the unemployed in Victoria in the Great Depression, was published in 2000. REGINA GANTER is senior lecturer in the School of Arts, Media and Culture at Griffith University, Queensland. Her book The Pearl-Shellers of Torres Strait received the inaugural Australian history prize of the Australian Historical Association. Another book, Mixed Relations: Asian/Aboriginal contact in north Australia, is forthcoming in 2005. ANNA HAEBICH is the director of the Centre for Public Culture and Ideas and ORBICOM UNESCO Chair at Griffith University, Queensland, D as well as holding an Australian Research Council Queen Elizabeth II Research Fellowship. Anna has two award-winning publications in Indigenous Australian history: Broken Circles and For Their Own Good. ALISON HOLLAND is a lecturer in the Department of Modern History at Macquarie University, Sydney. She is a contributor to Anna Cole et al (eds), Uncommon Ground: white women in Aboriginal history,and Australia'sHistoryfinal1 2/5/05 12:41 PM Page viii viii AUSTRALIA’S HISTORY to Tim Rowse (ed), Contesting Assimilation: histories of colonial and Indigenous initiatives (both forthcoming). MARTYNLYONSis professor of History and associate dean for Research in the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences at the University of New South Wales. He has published widely on French revolutionary and Napoleonic history, and on the history of the book and reading prac- tices in Europe and Australia. SEAMUS O’HANLON teaches in the School of Historical Studies at Monash University in Melbourne. His recent books include Together Apart: boarding house, hostel and flat life in pre-war Melbourne, short- listed for the New South Wales Premier’s History Prize in 2003, and GO!: Melbourne in the sixties, co-edited with Tanja Luckins. MELANIE OPPENHEIMER is senior lecturer in Australian history at the University of Western Sydney. She has written extensively on many aspects of volunteering from both an historical and contemporary perspective. Her books include Volunteers and Volunteering and All Work No Pay: Australian civilian volunteers in war. PENNY RUSSELL lectures in Australian history, autobiography and scandal at the University of Sydney. She is the author of A Wish of Distinction: colonial gentility and femininity, and This Errant Lady: Jane Franklin’s overland journey to Port Phillip and Sydney 1839. BRUCE SCATES is associate professor in the School of History at the University of New South Wales. His major publications include A New Australia: radicalism, citizenship and the First Republic and (with Rae Frances) Women and the Great War. DAVID WALKER is professor of Australian Studies at Deakin University, Victoria, and author of Anxious Nation: Australia and the rise of Asia 1850 to 1939, which won the Ernest Scott Prize for History in 2001. RICHARD WHITE teaches in the Department of History, University of Sydney. His publications includeInventing Australiaand, most recently, Cultural History in Australia(with Hsu-Ming Teo). His new book, On Holidays: a history of getting away in Australia, will be published in 2005. Australia'sHistoryfinal1 2/5/05 12:41 PM Page ix TIMELINE 50 000 50 000 BCE First traces of the presence of Indigenous Australians 1788 The ‘First Fleet’ of convicts arrived at Botany Bay 1803 Settlement of Van Diemen’s Land (Tasmania) 1838 Myall Creek massacre (New South Wales), 28 Aborigines killed by convicts 1850 Britain passed Australian Colonies Government Act, leading to a measure of colonial self-government; gold discovered in New South Wales and Victoria 1852 Convict transportation to eastern Australia ended 1854 The ‘Eureka Stockade’ in Ballarat (Victoria), a gold miners’ revolt inspired by vaguely republican ideologies, was supressed by troops 1856 South Australia first colony of the British Empire to intro- duce universal male suffrage; Lambing Flat (New South Wales) anti-Chinese riots and killings in the gold fields 1876 National trade unions legalised
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