Aural Rehabilitation for People with Disabilities PDF
Preview Aural Rehabilitation for People with Disabilities
AURAL REHABILITATION FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES AURAL REHABILITATION FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES JohnM.A.Oyiborhoro BoroAudiologyClinic Brooklyn,NewYork and NationalInstituteforPeoplewithDisabilities NewYork,NewYork AMSTERDAM(cid:1)BOSTON(cid:1)HEIDELBERG(cid:1)LONDON NEWYORK(cid:1)OXFORD(cid:1)PARIS(cid:1)SANDIEGO SANFRANCISCO(cid:1)SINGAPORE(cid:1)SYDNEY(cid:1)TOKYO ElsevierAcademicPress 30CorporateDrive,Suite400,Burlington,MA01803,USA 525BStreet,Suite1900,SanDiego,California92101-4495,USA 84Theobald’sRoad,LondonWC1X8RR,UK Thisbookisprintedonacid-freepaper. Copyright(cid:1)2005,ElsevierInc.Allrightsreserved. Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedortransmittedinanyformorbyany means,electronicormechanical,includingphotocopy,recording,oranyinformation storageandretrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher. PermissionsmaybesoughtdirectlyfromElsevier’sScience&TechnologyRightsDepartmentin Oxford,UK:phone:(þ44)1865843830,fax:(þ44)1865853333,e-mail:[email protected]. uk.Youmayalsocompleteyourrequeston-lineviatheElsevierhomepage(http://elsevier.com),by selecting‘‘CustomerSupport’’andthen‘‘ObtainingPermissions.’’ LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Applicationsubmitted BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary ISBN:0-12-531785-9 ForallinformationonallElsevierAcademicPresspublications visitourwebsiteatwww.books.elsevier.com PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica 05 06 07 08 09 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ToParentsandDirectCaregiversof PeoplewithSevereDisabilities and ToOnakpoma(Ono)forHerLove,Support,andMotherlyCare CONTENTS Contributors xiii Foreword xv Acknowledgments xvii CHAPTER 1 Overview of Disabilities JohnM.A. Oyiborhoro, Ed.D.,F.A.A.A., CCC-A Conceptof Disability 3 Consequencesof HearingImpairment 5 MentalRetardation 6 Down’sSyndrome 7 CerebralPalsy 7 HIV/AIDS 8 V|sualImpairment 8 SocioculturalIssues 9 Managementof PeoplewithDisabilities 14 PeoplewithOtherDisabilities 16 References 18 SelectedReadings 20 PART I Audiologic Rehabilitation for People with Disabilities: Assessment and Management CHAPTER 2 Cerebral Palsy/Developmental Disabilities JohnM.A. Oyiborhoro, Ed.D.,F.A.A.A., CCC-A AudiologicEvaluation 28 Background/CaseHistory 28 Otoscopy 33 PureToneAudiometry 34 vii viii Contents ConventionalPureToneAudiometry 35 BehavioralObservationAudiometry 37 V|sualReinforcementAudiometry 40 AirPu¡Audiometry 41 OtherBehavioralEvaluationTools 41 SpeechAudiometry 42 ElectrophysiologicMeasures 45 Interpretationof TestOutcomes 49 AbnormalABR,AbsentOAE,AbsentAcousticRe£exes, NormalTympanogram 49 NormalABR,AbnormalOAE,AbnormalTympanogram, AbsentAcousticRe£ex 49 AbnormalABR,NormalOAE,NormalTympanogram 49 Management 51 References 52 SelectedReadings 55 CHAPTER3 HIV/AIDS John M.A.Oyiborhoro, Ed.D., F.A.A.A., CCC-A Modesof Transmissionof HIV 59 HIVInfectionandAIDS-RelatedPathologicConditions 61 SomeCausesofAIDS-RelatedDiseases/Lesions 61 AuditoryDisordersAssociatedwithAIDS 62 ConductiveAuditoryPathologicConditions 63 Causesof SensorineuralHearingLossin HIV-PositiveIndividuals andPatientswithAIDS 66 RetrocochlearPathologicConditions 68 AuditoryP300Response 70 Management 71 References 72 SuggestedReadings 75 CHAPTER4 People with Visual Impairment Cindy Gustin, PH,MSc V|sionLoss:WhatItLooksLike 79 HowtheEyeWorks 79 Contents ix CommonEyeDisorders 80 RelationshipBetweenEyeandEarDisorders 87 Impactof V|siononDevelopment 88 Roleof HearingfortheV|sually ImpairedPopulation 91 AssessingHearingintheV|sually ImpairedPopulation 93 InteractingwithSomeonewithaV|sualImpairment 93 MovingAboutintheTestEnvironment 94 TestingAdultswithV|sualImpairment 95 CaseHistory 95 Lighting 96 PrintedMaterials 96 TestingChildrenwithV|sualImpairment 97 MakingtheChildMoreTestable 98 TestBattery 98 CaseHistory 99 AdaptingBehavioralTesting 100 InterpretingResponses 109 Management 110 V|sualImpairmentwithNormalHearing 111 V|sualImpairmentandHearingImpairment 113 Deafblind 114 References 116 CHAPTER 5 Older Adults with Dementia or Alzheimer’s Disease Emi Isaki, Ph.D., CCC/SLP Prevalenceof Dementia 118 HearingLossintheNormalElderlyPopulation 118 HearingLossandCognitiveDysfunction 120 Ethicsof ServiceProvision 122 Identi¢cationandEvaluationof Dementia 123 Management 127 Summary 130 Acknowledgments 131 References 131
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