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LibraryPirate LibraryPirate Bess_FM.qxd 9/27/07 5:17 PM Page i LibraryPirate Audiology: The Fundamentals Fourth Edition Bess_FM.qxd 9/27/07 5:17 PM Page ii LibraryPirate Bess_FM.qxd 9/27/07 5:17 PM Page iii LibraryPirate CHAPTER 6 ■ Screening Auditory Function iii AAuuddiioollooggyy:: TThhee FFuunnddaammeennttaallss FFoouurrtthh EEddiittiioonn FFRREEDD HH.. BBEESSSS,, PPhhDD PPrrooffeessssoorr aanndd CChhaaiirr DDeeppaarrttmmeenntt ooff HHeeaarriinngg aanndd SSppeeeecchh SScciieenncceess VVaannddeerrbbiilltt BBiillll WWiillkkeerrssoonn CCeenntteerr ffoorr OOttoollaarryynnggoollooggyy aanndd CCoommmmuunniiccaattiioonn SScciieenncceess VVaannddeerrbbiilltt UUnniivveerrssiittyy MMeeddiiccaall CCeenntteerr NNaasshhvviillllee,,TTeennnneesssseeee LLAARRRRYY EE.. HHUUMMEESS,, PPhhDD PPrrooffeessssoorr DDeeppaarrttmmeenntt ooff SSppeeeecchh aanndd HHeeaarriinngg SScciieenncceess IInnddiiaannaa UUnniivveerrssiittyy BBlloooommiinnggttoonn,,IInnddiiaannaa Bess_FM.qxd 9/27/07 5:17 PM Page iv LibraryPirate Acquisitions Editor:Pete Sabatini Managing Editor:Andrea M. Klingler Marketing Manager:Allison Noplock Production Editor:Gina Aiello Designer:Steve Druding Compositor:International Typesetting and Composition Printer: R. R. Donnelley Shenzhen Fourth Edition © 2008 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, a Wolters Kluwer business 530 Walnut Street Philadelphia, PA 19106 LWW.com First Edition, 1990 Second Edition, 1995 Third Edition, 2003 All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means, including photocopying, or utilizing by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Printed in the USA Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Bess, Fred H. Audiology: the fundamentals/Fred H. Bess, Larry E. Humes. — 4th ed. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-7817-6643-2 ISBN-10: 0-7817-6643-5 1. Audiology. I. Humes, Larry. II. Title. [DNLM: 1. Audiology. WV 270 B557a 2008] RF290.B44 2008 617.8—dc22 2007038510 Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy of the information presented and to describe generally accepted practices. However, the authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for any consequences from application of the information in this book and make no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the currency, completeness, or accuracy of the contents of the publication. Application of this information in a particular situation remains the professional responsibility of the practitioner. The authors, editors, and publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accordance with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new or infrequently employed drug. Some drugs and medical devices presented in this publication have Food and Drug Administration (FDA) clearance for limited use in restricted research settings. It is the responsibility of health care providers to ascer- tain the FDA status of each drug or device planned for use in their clinical practice. The publishers have made every effort to trace copyright holders for borrowed material. If they have inadver- tently overlooked any, they will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity. To purchase additional copies of this book, call our customer service department at (800) 639-3030 or fax orders to (301) 824-7390. International customers should call (301) 714-2324. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins customer service representatives are available from 8:30 am to 6:00 pm, EST, Monday through Friday, for telephone access. Visit Lippincott Williams & Wilkins on the Internet: http://www.lww.com. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bess_FM.qxd 9/27/07 5:17 PM Page v LibraryPirate To our wives,Susie and Marty Our children,Danny,Amy,Rick,Andy,Liz,Lauren,and Adam and To the undergraduate and graduate students whom we have had the pleasure to work with over the past few decades Bess_FM.qxd 9/27/07 5:17 PM Page vi LibraryPirate Bess_FM.qxd 9/27/07 5:17 PM Page vii LibraryPirate PPrreeffaaccee T he fourth edition of Audiology: The Fundamentals continues to offer a contemporary treatment of the profession of audiology at the introductory level. Although audiology is a relative newcomer to the health care profession, it is a dynamic discipline that has undergone rapid change and growth since its inception during World War II. In fact, the multitude of changes that have occurred since the first edition have been impres- sive. Because of these transformations and space limitations, we found ourselves once again forced to make choices regarding which areas of audiology to include in this edition. As in the first three editions, we have chosen to discuss those topics considered most important to the beginning student rather than to provide a cursory review of the broad scope of the profession. Initially, this book was written for three reasons. First, we believed that there was a need for an introductory book that provided a contemporary approach to audiology— one that strikes a balance between the traditional concepts and newer developments in the profession. Second, we believed there was a place for an introductory book that considered the type of student typically enrolled in a beginning audiology course. Our experience suggested that most students taking an introductory course in audiology were planning careers in speech-language pathology, special education, or psychology. With this in mind, we have tried to emphasize material on auditory pathology in children, especially middle ear disease, and we have included chapters on screening auditory function and education for the individual with hearing loss. It was our hope that such information would be of value to students when they began practicing their chosen profession. Finally, we wanted to share with the beginning student our enthusiasm for audiology—most important, the challenges and rewards associated with this health-related discipline. The widespread acceptance of the first three editions of this text reaffirmed our belief that a need existed for an introductory book of this type in audiology. vii Bess_FM.qxd 9/27/07 5:17 PM Page viii LibraryPirate viii Preface Organization The book is organized into three parts. Part 1 provides background information on the profession of audiology and a basic review of the underlying principles of acoustics and the anatomy and physiology of the auditory system. A general understanding of the concepts in Part 1 is essential to the practice of the profession of audiology. Part 2 is concerned with the principles of audiologic measurement and the general application of audiologic procedures. Toward this end, Part 2 focuses on basic measurement of auditory function, auditory pathologies and their associated audiologic manifesta- tions and screening for hearing loss, and middle ear disease. Part 3 is directed at pro- viding a general understanding of rehabilitative approaches used with children and adults with hearing loss and the status of education of individuals with hearing loss. Features and Items New to This Edition This fourth edition offers many additions and updates from the previous edition and provides much greater detail in several chapters. In fact, this edition may be more suit- able for advanced undergraduates or even first-year doctor of audiology students. Advanced material that was previously appended to the end of each chapter as sup- plemental material has now been inserted into the main body of text in each chapter. In addition, close to 50 new figures and vignettes have been added to this edition, and many of them have been redrawn and a second color has been added to improve aes- thetics and to enhance readability. Moreover, we expanded the material offered in virtually every chapter of this book. We have also tried to maintain the easy-to-read, easy-to-understand style. A new reader- friendly design has also been developed for this new edition. Learning objectives provide guidelines regarding material that will be discussed in each chapter. As before, Referencesare intentionally omitted from the body of the book with the exception of a few direct quotations. A popular component of the previous editions was the vignettes. The fourth edition again uses these short, descriptive sketches designed to enhance interest, to provide illustrative examples of ideas, and to crystallize defini- tions of concepts that are difficult to grasp. Chapter summariesprovide a brief recap of important information discussed in each chapter. Ancillaries A CD (included with each book) and companion Web site have been developed for students to accompany this new edition of Audiology: The Fundamentals. Audiograms, color anatomy and pathophysiology images, case studies, and a quiz bank have been provided for use while learning and reviewing the information presented in the text. PowerPoint lecture outlines and an image bank have been created for use by instructors. Both will be available online or as an instructors’ resource CD. F.H.B. L.E.H.

Description:

Now in its Fourth Edition, this book is designed for students in audiology or students desiring a broad, in-depth survey of the profession. The logical progression from fundamentals to more complex topics, the readable writing style, and the abundant simple illustrations are ideally suited for the i