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ATTORNEYFOR THE FRONTIER A T T O R N EY F O R T HE F R O N T I ER Enos Stutsman BY DALE GIBSON WITH LEE GIBSON AND CAMERON HARVEY THE UNIVERSITY OF MANITOBA PRESS © The University of Manitoba Press 1983 Printed in Canada Designed by Norman Schmidt This book has been published with the assistance of the Canada Council. The frontispiece is a photograph of Enos Stutsman in 1864. Illustrations frontispiece, 6, 9, 11, 23 courtesy of Orin G. Libby Manuscript Collection, Chester Fritz Library, University of North Dakota Illustration 1 courtesy of the State Historical Society, Iowa State Historical Department Illustration 2 courtesy of Sioux City Public Museum Illustrations 3, 4, 7 courtesy of Yankton County Historical Society Illustrations 5, 12, 22, 25 courtesy of the State Historical Society of North Dakota Illustrations lo, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 2O, 21 courtesy of the Provincial Archives of Manitoba Illustration 24 courtesy of the Minnesota Historical Society Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data Gibson, Dale. Attorney for the frontier Includes index. ISBN 0-88755-131-9 i. Stutsman, Enos. 2. Dakota - Biography. 3. Red River Rebellion, 1869-1870. I. Harvey, Cameron, 1939- II. Gibson, Lee, 1933- III. Title F655.S78G528 978'.o2 C83-O91173-1 CONTENTS Acknowledgments vii Prologue xi 1. Sioux City and Before: 1826-1858 3 2. Yankton: 1859-1866 13 3. Pembina: 1866-1869 45 4. The McLean Trial: September 1868 77 5. The Kiel Rebellion: 1869-1870 97 6- The Final Chapter: 1870-1874 149 Notes 163 Index 177 This page intentionally left blank ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ENOS STUTSMAN IS AN ALMOST FORGOTTEN frontier figure, remembered only by the name of a county in North Dakota, a street in Pembina, and a few fragmentary, often inaccurate, references in regional and specialist histories. The at- tempt to shed light on the personality and career of so elusive a person required the assistance of numerous individuals and organizations. Happily, such assistance was almost always made available - often enthusiastically - when requested. I wish to record my gratitude to all who helped, and to acknowledge explicitly some of the more impor- tant contributions. The greatest debt is owed to Lee Gibson and Cameron Harvey. Although Lee and Cam have chosen to be designated as "assistants," they would be more accurately described as collaborators. The Stutsman project has been a shared hobby for the three of us over the past dozen or so years. The idea of undertaking a study of Stutsman occurred independently to Cam and to Lee and me at about the same time, and we agreed to join forces as soon as we learned of each others'