Attachment Across Clinical and Cultural Perspectives: A Relational Psychoanalytic Approach

280 Pages·2016·8.47 MB·English

by  Sonia Gojman-de-Millan

Attachment Across Clinical and
Cultural Perspectives
Attachment Across Clinical and Cultural Perspectives brings together leading thinkers in
attachment theory to explore its importance across cultural, clinical, and social contexts and
the application of attachment relationship principles to intervention with diverse groups of
children and families. These contributions collectively illustrate the robustness of attachment
research in the contexts of culture, early extreme deprivation, trauma, and the developing
brain, providing great inspiration for anyone embracing the idea of evidence-based practice.
Two chapters convey fundamentals of attachment theory, covering links between attach-
ment and normal and pathological development and the interface between attachment and
other features of evolutionary theory. Two others specifically tackle the cultural context of
attachment; fundamental research findings with North American and European samples are
shown to hold as well among indigenous people in a rural Mexican village, whilst the link
between maternal sensitivity and secure attachment is demonstrated in a variety of cultures.
Further chapters explore the role of fear and trauma in the formation of attachment; one
establishes intergenerational links between parental history of trauma, dissociative states
of mind, and infant disorganized attachment; another looks at the consequences of early
extreme deprivation (institutional rearing) for attachment. A third describes the impact
of attachment experiences on brain development. Finally, the book explores intervention
guided by attachment theory, research on fear and trauma, and an understanding of how
attachment experiences leave their mark on parental psyche and behavior.
Attachment Across Clinical and Cultural Perspectives gathers authoritative informa-
tion from leading experts in the field in an easily readable, practical way. It will appeal to
psychoanalysts and psychoanalytic psychotherapists, to professionals who serve the devel-
opmental and mental health needs of adults, children and families, and anyone seeking to
base their intervention work and therapy upon attachment principles.
Sonia Gojman-de-Millan is an Executive Committee member of the International
Federation of Psychoanalytic Societies (IFPS) and a psychoanalyst in private practice in
Mexico City.
Christian Herreman is the Director of ENSO and a psychoanalyst in private practice in
Mexico City.
L. Alan Sroufe is Professor Emeritus of Child Psychology in the Institute of Child
Development at the University of Minnesota.
PSYCHOANALYTIC INQUIRY BOOK SERIES
JOSEPH D. LICHTENBERG
Series Editor
Like its counterpart, Psychoanalytic Inquiry: A Topical Journal for Mental
Health Professionals, the Psychoanalytic Inquiry Book Series presents a
diversity of subjects within a diversity of approaches to those subjects. Under
the editorship of Joseph Lichtenberg, in collaboration with Melvin Born-
stein and the editorial board of Psychoanalytic Inquiry, the volumes in this
series strike a balance between research, theory, and clinical application. We
are honored to have published the works of various innovators in psychoa-
nalysis, such as Frank Lachmann, James Fosshage, Robert Stolorow, Donna
Orange, Louis Sander, Léon Wurmser, James Grotstein, Joseph Jones, Doris
Brothers, Fredric Busch, and Joseph Lichtenberg, among others.
The series includes books and monographs on mainline psychoanalytic top-
ics, such as sexuality, narcissism, trauma, homosexuality, jealousy, envy, and
varied aspects of analytic process and technique. In our efforts to broaden the
field of analytic interest, the series has incorporated and embraced innovative
discoveries in infant research, self-psychology, intersubjectivity, motivational
systems, affects as process, responses to cancer, borderline states, contextual-
ism, postmodernism, attachment research and theory, medication, and men-
talization. As further investigations in psychoanalysis come to fruition, we
seek to present them in readable, easily comprehensible writing.
After 25 years, the core vision of this series remains the investigation,
analysis, and discussion of developments on the cutting edge of the psy-
choanalytic field, inspired by a boundless spirit of inquiry.
Vol. 52 Vol. 53
The Muse: Attachment Across
Psychoanalytic Clinical and Cultural Perspectives: A
Explorations of Relational Psychoanalytic Approach
Creative Inspiration Sonia Gojman-de-Millan, Christian
Adele Tutter (ed.) Herreman & L. Alan Sroufe (eds.)
Attachment Across Clinical
and Cultural Perspectives
A relational psychoanalytic approach
Edited by Sonia Gojman-de-Millan,
Christian Herreman, and
L. Alan Sroufe
First published 2017
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2017 selection and editorial matter, Sonia Gojman-de-Millan, Christian
Herreman, and L. Alan Sroufe; individual chapters, the contributors
The right of the editors to be identified as the authors of the editorial
material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been
asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs
and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced
or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means,
now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording,
or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in
writing from the publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks
or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and
explanation without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Names: Gojman-de-Millan, Sonia, editor. | Herreman, Christian, editor. |
Sroufe, L. Alan, editor.
Title: Attachment across clinical and cultural perspectives : a relational
psychoanalytic approach / edited by Sonia Gojman-de-Millan,
Christian Herreman, and L. Alan Sroufe.
Description: Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2017. |
Series: Psychoanalytic inquiry book series ; volume 53 | Includes
bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2016013288| ISBN 9781138999671
(hardback : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781138999688 (pbk. : alk. paper) |
ISBN 9781315658100 (e-book : alk. paper)
Subjects: LCSH: Attachment behavior. | Attachment disorder.
Classification: LCC BF575.A86 A765 2017 | DDC 155.2—dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016013288
ISBN: 978-1-138-99967-1 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-138-99968-8 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-315-65810-0 (ebk)
Typeset in Times New Roman
by Swales & Willis Ltd, Exeter, Devon, UK
Contents
List of illustrations vii
Notes on contributors viii
Preface xiv
Acknowledgements xx
PART I
Attachment, theory, and research 1
1 Attachment theory: A humanistic approach for
research and practice across cultures 3
L. ALAN SROUFE
2 Universality and cultural specificity in child-mother
attachment relationships: In search of answers 30
GERMÁN POSADA AND JILL M. TRUMBELL
3 Unresolved/disorganized responses to the death of
important persons: Relations to frightening parental
behavior and infant disorganization 53
NAOMI I. GRIBNEAU BAHM, MARY MAIN, AND ERIK HESSE
4 Attachment research in urban and rural Mexico:
Clinical and social implications 75
SONIA GOJMAN-DE-MILLAN, SALVADOR MILLÁN, GUADALUPE SÁNCHEZ,
AND PATRICIA GONZÁLEZ DUARTE
5 Attachment within the context of a cooperative and
sharing mind 100
MAURICIO CORTINA
vi Contents
6 Attachment at the extremes: Lesson from the Bucharest
Early Intervention Project 142
CHARLES H. ZEANAH, NATHAN A. FOX, AND CHARLES A. NELSON
PART II
Clinical 163
7 The integration of attachment, mindfulness, and
neuroscience 165
DANIEL J. SIEGEL
8 Minding The Baby®: The impact of threat on the
mother-baby and mother-clinician relationship 182
ARIETTA SLADE, LOIS SADLER, NANCY CLOSE, SARAH E. FITZPATRICK,
TANIKA SIMPSON, AND DENISE WEBB
9 Attachment, trauma, and reality: Clinical integrations in
the treatment of young children 205
ALICIA F. LIEBERMAN
10 Attachment and complex trauma: An intervention
program for institutionalized infants (0–4 years) 221
FELIPE LECANNELIER
Appendix 235
Index 253
Illustrations
Figures
2.1 Range of security scores by country 37
4.1 Family drawing #1 78
4.2 Family drawing #2 79
4.3 Family drawing #3 79
4.4 Family drawing #4 83
8.1 Threat and the clinical process 193
8.2 Nested mentalization 197
A.1 Distributions of presence or absence of fully formed
attachment behaviors in institutionalized infants of
three samples compared in this study 241
Table
5.1 Comparison of simple and complex forms of
intersubjectivity 127
Box
1.1 Ainsworth and Main patterns of attachment 13
Contributors
Nancy Close, Ph.D., IMH-IV® is Assistant Professor at the Yale Child
Study Center, an endorsed infant mental health clinical mentor, and
one of the Co-Directors of Minding the Baby®, where she has been
supervising and training for the last ten years. A clinical psycholo-
gist and educator specializing in assessment and treatment of chil-
dren under age 5, she also teaches at Yale University, and is the
author of Listening to Children: Talking to Children About Difficult
Issues.
Mauricio Cortina, M.D. is Director of the Attachment and Human
Development Center at the Washington School of Psychiatry,
Washington, DC. He is Co-President of the Ibero-American Attachment
Network, a Fellow, American Academy of Dynamic Psychiatry and
Psychoanalysis. He is a faculty member of the Washington School of
Psychiatry, the Institute of Contemporary Psychotherapy and Psycho-
analysis, Washington, DC, and the Seminario de socio-psiciananisis,
A.C. Mexico D.F. Dr. Cortina has published numerous works on the
interface between attachment theory, inter-subjectivity theory, and
other theories of human motivation.
Patricia González Duarte is a psychologist and psychoanalyst. She is
a teacher and supervisor in the Seminario de Sociopsicoanálisis in
Mexico City, a member of the International Federation of Psycho-
analytic Societies, and participates in the investigation of attachment
and social character.
Notes on contributors ix
Sarah E. Fitzpatrick, LCSW, is Assistant Clinical Professor at the
Yale Child Study Center, and has worked as a social work home visi-
tor, supervisor and trainer for Minding the Baby® for ten years. She
has a private psychotherapy and consultation practice in New Haven,
Connecticut, and has been on the clinical and teaching faculty at the
Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine.
Nathan A. Fox, Ph.D. is Distinguished University Professor and Chair of
Human Development and Quantitative Methodology in the University
of Maryland College of Education. A winner of the G. Stanley Hall
Award from Division 7 of the American Psychological Association for
outstanding scientific contributions, he has an extraordinary record of
publications in the areas of temperament, emotion regulation, neuro-
psychological development, and the consequences of institutionalization.
Sonia Gojman-de-Millan, Ph.D. combines her experience as a clini-
cian and a researcher at Semsoac, an Excellence Mexican National-
registered research institution RENIECYT, is a Training/Didactic and
Supervising Analyst, conducted a 17-year longitudinal attachment
research project in both Indian-rural and mestizo-urban mother-infant
dyads that has been published in AHD. She is a Spanish and English
Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) trainer; was Secretary General of
the IFPS and has published several books and articles.
Naomi I. Gribneau Bahm, Ph.D. University of California, Berkeley is
Adjunct Professor of Psychology, at Los Rios Community College
District, Sacramento, California. Professor Bahm received her Ph.D.
with Professors Marian Diamond (Integrative Biology) and Mary Main
(Psychology). She is a certified Adult Attachment Interview (AAI)
trainer who trains regularly with Professors Main and Hesse. Professor
Bahm conducted research using the AAI and psychophysiology, and is
currently archiving Mary Main’s papers for the Wellcome Trust.
Erik Hesse, Ph.D. Leiden University is Adjunct Associate Professor of
Psychology, University of California, Berkeley; honorary member
of the American Psychoanalytic Association, and Adjunct Scientist,
Leiden University. Professor Hesse is co-author with Mary Main and
Ruth Goldwyn of the Adult Attachment Scoring and Classification